A force that crushes the tissue, exceeding the tissue's ability to absorb or disperse it, resulting in a contusion.

A force that stretches or pulls a tissue apart. If the force exceeds the tissue's yield point, the tissue will tear or rupture causing a muscle strain.

A force that moves across the parallel orientation of fibers, which causes a breakdown or tearing of tissue.

An involuntary contraction of the muscle resulting in pain and inability to move; A cramp is usually caused by lack of minerals or water.

Involuntary contraction of a muscle resulting in pain and inability to move; a spasm occurs as a result of trauma.

Muscle soreness usually due to acid buildups within the tissues; quickly resolves.

Soreness due to microtraumas within the tissues usually caused by too much or different activity.

An injury caused by an impact to the muscle which results in discoloration due to a disruption of circulation in the area.

Inflammation of a tendon.

A stretching or tearing of a muscle of tendon, resulting in 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree injury.

One or more muscles or tendons are stretched, resulting in pain, mild swelling, and minor loss of function.

A moderate tearing of muscle tissue resulting in pain, moderate swelling, decreased range of motion, and moderate to severe loss of function.

A complete tear of a muscle resulting in either severe or no pain, decreased or increased range of motion, moderate to severe swelling, and obvious deformity.

A stretching or tearing of the joint capsule, or ligament, resulting in a 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree injury.

One or more ligaments are stretched resulting in a minor discomfort, point tenderness, and little or no swelling; there is no abnormal movement in the joint to indicate lack of stability.

A part of one or more ligaments is torn resulting in pain, swelling, point tenderness, and loss of function; The athlete may lose function at that joint due to instability.

One or more ligaments are completely torn causing a loss of function, point tenderness, rapid swelling, and pain.

A joint injury where a bone has been forced out of its normal anatomical position; nonunion; separation of a joint

A partial disunion of the bones in a joint; bones in a joint separate, then move back into place.

A wearing down of joint cartilage due to repeated trauma.

An injury in which the skin is broken

An injury in which the skin remains intact

An open wound in which the outer layer of skin has been scraped off, it may or may not bleed, depending on its depth

A cut with clean edges made by a sharp instrument

A jagged irregular wound created by a non-cutting object

Forceful tearing of tissue/bone

A closed wound caused by a continuous rubbing over the surface of the skin

A closed wound in which bleeding under the tissues results in a swollen area

An injury which occurs when a sharp object penetrates through the skin

A closed injury in which bleeding occurs under the skin often resulting in discoloration; a bruise

an injury to the bone in which the tissue is broken

Rest, ice, compression, Evelvation

objective evidence; something that can be measured or felt; observable condition of injury/illness