What ALL waves carry in a repeating pattern!

Situation: Your teacher's voice hits the classroom wall and bounces (echos) back

Situation: White light hits a mirror and bounces back

Situation: Energy moving through a lake hits the side of a boat and bounces off

Situation: During a concert, the band's music is taken into the curtains surrounding the stage

Situation: A black t-shirt takes in all the colors of light

Situation: Under water, energy is taken in by seaweed

Situation: In the hallway, you can hear a classmate's laugh pass through the closed classroom door

Situation: Sunlight is able to stream/pass through a transparent window

Situation: Energy is passed through a large tsunami wave when an earthquake hits in the ocean

The place/action where the energy/vibration (sound, light, etc.) BEGINS

The point where the energy (sound waves, light waves, etc) is "sensed" by seeing, hearing, feeling, etc.

The matter/material that the wave energy travels through

The distance from a crest to the next crest or a trough to the next trough. One repetition/cycle of the wave.

The TIME it takes one wavelength to complete, or how OFTEN a wave happens

The height from a wave's resting point (middle) to the top (a crest) or the bottom (a trough), measures the ENERGY in the wave

More energy = higher amplitude; less energy = lower amplitude

When AMPLITUDE of a sound wave is increased, we hear it as...

The small part (less than 1%) of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eyes can detect

the percentage of the light (electromagnetic) spectrum that human eyes can sense ("see")

The ENTIRE range of visible and invisible LIGHT

How SOUND energy is passed from source to destination

A wave with a continuously varying wavelength/frequency

A wave is sampled into chunks and assigned values (digits)

Sound waves, water waves, earthquake waves are all examples

When sound energy hits a surface and REFLECTS back to be sensed again

made of atoms; has mass AND volume

Made of a single type of atom; PURE

Made of two or more types of atoms chemically linked; PURE

Made of many different types of atoms/molecules NOT chemically linked; NOT PURE

Cannot be separated under normal lab conditions

chemically separated with energy (mix with acid, burn, extreme heat, etc)

physically separated (filter out, pick out pieces, evaporate)

These atoms could be of:

These atoms could be of:

These atoms could be of:

Atoms (elements) combine to form molecules (compounds). These combine to form mixtures. All together, they make up all matter in the universe.

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together. (can be the SAME type of atoms, OR different atoms)

See image

See image

Large number in front of a chemical symbol/formula that tells how many molecules of that substance there is

Small number to the right of a chemical symbol that tells how many atoms of that element there are

how much STUFF (matter) is in an object.

how much SPACE an object takes up.

what is mixed/combined in a chemical reaction; everything to the left of the arrow

what is produced in a chemical reaction, everything to the right of the arrow

existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind

materials that don't occur in nature, but are made from natural resources that undergo a chemical change.

Changes only the physical properties of matter; the final product is still the same matter. The chemical composition (molecules) of the substance are NOT affected.

Phase changes, cutting paper, mowing grass

The molecules of a substance are broken down and rearranged causing a change in chemical properties and, occasionally, a change in energy

Rusting/tarnishing; bubbles forming when alka seltzer and water are mixed; burning paper

Heat, bubbles, odor, color change, sound, light, energy change, new molecules form

Scientific law that states: matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

To distinguish between a physical change and chemical change, an observer must make careful observations of the properties of the matter before and after the change.

Physical change because the molecules are not rearranging into something new - just spreading apart or coming together

example of a physical change since the ice is melting (molecules of water are simply spreading apart)

example of a physical change since the mix/powder is just spreading out and mixing into the water

example of a chemical change since the tarnish is a change in molecules as the metals react with oxygen

example of a physical change since the gelatin is simply changing from a liquid to a solid (phase change)

example of a chemical change since the chlorophyll in the leaves is going through a chemical change

equal

A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat

a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings

temperature of the system will decrease over the course of the reaction

temperature of the system will increase over the course of the reaction

energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form/object to another

energy of moving objects

stored energy of object due to their POSITION

the rate at which an object moves in a certain direction (speed AND direction)

a push or pull that can change an object's velocity (the speed or directions of its motion)

a force that opposes the motion of any objects that touch

the opposing force that results from the contact between AIR and objects moving through it

relationship between mass and KE during a roller coaster

relationship between velocity and kinetic energy

stored energy due to a position off of the Earth's surface (height)

relationship between mass and potential energy

moving energy can be passed on to another object, but is never destroyed; KE is transferred

Relationship between potential and kinetic energy as a pendulum is lifted to a height and then swings down