Are codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that indicate the meaning of media messages to the audience.

Common practices or rules in media (like shot types in film).

Layout or structure of media content (like new format).

Elements representing ideas or concepts (like logos).

Ways stories are organized in media (like plot in movies).

Are systems of signs that when put together will create a meaning

The study of codes is called

The study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation.

Show what beneath the surface of what we see (object, setting, body language,clothing, color, etc.) or iconic symbols that are easily understood.

Use language style textual layout (Headlines, captions, speech bubbles, language style, etc.).

Are ways in which equipment is used to tell a story. This includes sounds, camera angles, types of shots and lighting as well as camera techniques, framing, depth of field, lighting, exposure and juxtaposition.

The subject is dwarfed by the environment; often used as an establishing shot.

The subject is visible head to toe, occupying most of the frame.

The subject is shown from the knees up.

Captures the entire subject's body, head to foot.

Shows the subject from the waist or chest up

Shows only the head and shoulders of the subject

Shows only a part of the subject's face (e.g., eyes).

Taken at the same height as the subject's eyes.

The camera is above the subject, looking down (also known as a bird's eye shot or aerial shot).

The camera is below the subject, looking up (lower than eye level).

A frontal view of one partner from behind the other person's shoulder (used in dialogue scenes).

Shows a scene from the subject's perspective

Focuses on a person's reaction to an event.

Close-up of something within the scene (e.g., a hand reaching for a door knob)

Pertains to the output of a person’s intellectual pursuit such as literary and artistic works,inventions, logos, symbols, and signs, as well as names and images used for commercial purpose or advertisements.

Set of rights granted to the author/creator of a work, to restrict others’ ability to copy,redistribute, and reshape the content.

The violation of a copyright.

An exclusive right granted to an invention

A specific sign associated with a particular brand of goods or services.

 Refers to the copying of a copyrighted material, with the purpose of using it for a review,commentary, critic or parody, without the need to ask permission from the copyright owner.

The act of using the ideas or words of other person’s without giving a credit to that person.

It means the use of good manners in online communication such as e-mail, forums, and social media.

Bullying that takes place using electronic technology such as cell phones, computers, and tablets.

Excessive and compulsive use of technology that disrupts daily life.

Refers to the gap in access to modern technology (digital media, information, and communication technology).

Can be written in script using the Roman alphabet or a different script that is appropriate to the language of the reader.

Elements like images or pictures, charts, or graphs that help the reader understand or support the discussion about text

Usually writes articles or stories that are longer, like a novel. Pertains to a writer whose work has already been published.

More associated with writing literary works, such as poems and short stories. In publications, usually writes articles for lifestyle, feature, and entertainment sections.

Similar to a writer, but their articles are usually published based on theme and space availability

Writes an article that has a recurrent column in a publication; they usually express their personal opinion about a topic.

Writes online content that contains personal views and opinions.

Encodes the handwritten text into digital format by typing the text.

Designs the layout of the publication.

Coordinates with writers and addresses editorial concerns about content and format.

Decides what materials will be published.

Narrates stories that are far from reality. Includes fairy tales,mythologies, and legends

Books that provide facts and real information about a subject.

A self-written biography of one’s own life.

A written account of a person’s life written by someone else.

Focuses on the genuine affection and passion shown by the characters.

Aims to create overwhelming fear in the readers.

Intended to make readers analyze characters and connect scenes to solve a mystery.

Is the artistic or creative representation or interpretation of an idea, concept, or emotion using different media

Produces a work of art with colors, lines, and shapes using paint as medium.

Taking pictures or images using a camera; classified as either amateur or professional.

:Sets the images, illustrations, charts, and tables on the manuscripts; responsible for the artwork and design using electronic media

Creates a piece of art using a variety of media, such as clay, marble, wood, or even ice.

An art form that creates pictures using a flat medium, such as canvassor board, and paint

Created through photography

A three-dimensional artwork that can be made using various materials like clay, stone, or metal.

Used for advertisement or to convey a public service announcement.

Choice of theme or message

Use of color (impact of using primary, secondary, pastel, or dark colors)

Level of creativity

Use of medium (how effectively the images move or impact the audience)

Choice of subject

Media which features movement and change in time.

A performer who gives life to a role.

Supervises and instructs performers or actors on how they should act based on their role as described in the script.

The person in charge with writing the script of the film

The one responsible for making the actors look their best by applying makeup.

Responsible for the overall look of a film and its set. They make sure that the props and setting fit the film’s theme.

Responsible for the sound effects and background music used in the film.

Recognizes the art or technique of movie photography, including both shooting and image processing. 

The content of this motion picture is light and funny. (e.g., Mr.Bean)

This motion picture contains heavy and serious content. It involves conflicts that may be difficult to deal with

The audience is made to feel anxious and excited about the story's outcome.

These films include fights, stunts, and special effects.

These films involve travel, discovery, and danger.

Films that aim to create fear and dread in the audience.

Focuses on characters showing genuine affection and passion for each other.

Primarily intended to document aspects of reality for instruction or historical record purposes

A film in which actors primarily deliver their lines through singing

Considered the most important award and is presented last at the Academy Awards

Award that recognizes the art or technique of movie photography,including both shooting and image processing