Question 1

Which of the following statements describes a centrifugal force?

Accepted Answer

Ethnic Burmans control the central territory and political capital in Myanmar while the less powerful ethnic groups are marginalized in the border regions.

Answer

The Canadian government plans to construct a national railroad system that will connect all provinces and territories.

Answer

The British Museum funds a traveling exhibi-tion of the Royal crown throughout the United Kingdom for citizens who cannot travel to London for the exhibit.

Answer

Schoolchildren in Australia learn the history, values, and traditions of their country.

Answer

Most of the citizens in Nepal follow the tenets of Hinduism, the state religion in their country.

Question 2

Geographers interested in spatial relation-ships of centrifugal forces within a state using different scales of analysis would begin their research by

Accepted Answer

selecting a state wherein protests began in urban areas and spread to involve the entire state.

Answer

looking at centrifugal forces on the continent and comparing their findings at the global scale.

Answer

comparing centripetal forces in one state with centrifugal forces in another state to see which state was more stable.

Answer

comparing two stateless nations whose territo-ries were spread over three or more states.

Answer

comparing centrifugal forces in Latin America with centrifugal forces in Africa.

Question 3

Which of the following identifies and explains a geographic concept that is illustrated on the following map?

Accepted Answer

Centripetal forces because there is substan-tial infrastructure development in the form of roads

Answer

Scale because the map is small and shows only one country and some islands

Answer

Centrifugal forces because the map only shows towns along the coast and not in the interior

Answer

Uneven development because the island only has two cities and the peninsula has several cities

Answer

Nationalism because all the roads lead to Rome, which is the seat of the state religion

Question 4

Which parts of the following image illustrate a central concept related to cultural cohesion?

Accepted Answer

The original flag said to be sewn by Betsy Ross because it is part of the iconography related to the United States

Answer

George Washington because he was an admiral in the American navy and the image shows his power

Answer

Betsy Ross because she is a wealthy person with a big house, which shows uneven develop-ment between upper and lower classes

Answer

The children because they are reciting the pledge of allegiance to the flag to show to the soldiers what they learned in school

Answer

The soldiers because they are seen in full mili-tary dress, meaning they are on their way to a parade

Question 5

The Canadian government created the new territory of Nunavut in order to

Accepted Answer

recognize the territorial rights of indigenous people in the area

Answer

re-create the pre-1912 boundary of Quebec

Answer

facilitate the exploration of mineral resources in the Northwest Territories

Answer

grant autonomy to the Cree and Mohawk people living in eastern Canada

Answer

guarantee Canadian fishing rights in the Atlantic Ocean

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the United States, Canada, and Mexico?

Accepted Answer

A multinational trade zone in which most tariffs have been eliminated

Answer

An open-border region with free movement of labor

Answer

A protectionist coalition that denies trade access from other countries

Answer

A monetary union with a single currency

Answer

An economic and security bloc designed to eliminate drug trafficking

Question 7

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of devolutionary movements in Spain and Canada?

Accepted Answer

There is an economic aspect to the Catalan independence movement, while the Quebecois focus mainly on cultural differences.

Answer

There is an economic aspect to the Quebecois independence movement, while the Catalans focus mainly on culture.

Answer

Both independence movements utilize cultural distinctiveness as their only reason for seeking independence.

Answer

Both independence movements focus on religious differences with the nations they currently belong to.

Answer

Both independence movements utilize economic power as their main reason for seeking independence.

Question 8

Based on the data in the table, which of the following is a possible impact of ethnic and religious diversity in Iraq?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity and religion lead to devolutionary pressures in the country by politically dividing regions.

Answer

Ethnicity and religion act as centripetal forces in the country by creating a common Iraqi identity among the population.

Answer

Ethnicity and religion facilitate democratization in the country by motivating participation in elections.

Answer

Ethnicity and religion promote economic development in the country by generating national pride in the country’s accomplishments.

Answer

Ethnicity and religion increase cultural cohesion in the country by promoting shared political ideology.

Question 9

Which of the following explains why Bosnia and Herzegovina would want to join the European Union (EU)?

Accepted Answer

To benefit from the EU free trade zone and achieve economic and social stability

Answer

To increase the chances of joining NATO and protection against Russian invasion

Answer

To benefit from the EU single currency and open borders that exist between their country’s neighboring states

Answer

To benefit from the EU single currency and eliminate the cost of currency exchange with the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Sweden

Answer

To participate in the EU free trade zone and automatically receive the protection of NATO

Question 10

Compare the centralized power of the Soviet Union with the contemporary Russian Federation, in terms of the control of territory. Which of the following statements does the information in the map best support?

Accepted Answer

Russia is an ethnically diverse region with many subnational units.

Answer

Russia is a global power with concentrated power in East Asia.

Answer

Russia is a multistate nation made up of numerous sovereign independent entities.

Answer

Russia’s autonomous regions illustrate a strategy to counter the difficulty in governing such a large area from a single centralized location.

Answer

Russia used to control fifteen additional republics that regained their independence in 1990.

Question 11

Based on the map, which of the following best explains the implications of physical geography as the Kurds continue to struggle for an independent state in their ethnic homeland?

Accepted Answer

Most areas with a Kurdish majority population are landlocked and therefore dependent on good relationships with their neighbors in order to access trade and prosper economically.

Answer

Israel, Turkey, and Russia have voiced their support for an independent Kurdistan in areas with a majority Kurdish population, showing potential validation for Kurdistan.

Answer

In September 2017 a public referendum was carried out that demonstrated that a majority of Kurds overwhelmingly support independence.

Answer

Even in areas with a Kurdish minority population, Kurdish people have their own unique culture and identity separately from the states in which their nation is located.

Answer

Unstable oil prices have created economic problems both in parts of the region with a Kurdish majority population and in parts with a Kurdish minority, leaving the Kurdistan Regional Government weakened and struggling to pay off debt.

Question 12

Which of the following possible political effects is implied by the data in the table?

Accepted Answer

The high level of economic difference between the regions in Italy acts as a devolutionary force.

Answer

The country’s high level of economic development acts as a centripetal force holding the state together.

Answer

The low level of economic difference between regions in Italy acts as a centripetal force holding the state together.

Answer

The low level of economic difference between regions in Italy promotes devolutionary movements in some parts of Italy.

Answer

The country’s low level of economic development promotes centrifugal forces tearing the state apart.

Question 13

Which of the following is South Africa’s former state-sanctioned policy of segregating the races?

Accepted Answer

Apartheid

Answer

Redlining

Answer

Gerrymandering

Answer

Secularism

Answer

Gentrification

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a supranational organization with the main mission of increasing economic integration?

Accepted Answer

European Union

Answer

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Answer

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

Answer

United Nations

Answer

United States Federal Reserve

Question 15

The European Union, the Arab League, and the United Nations are all examples of

Accepted Answer

supranational organizations

Answer

pressure groups

Answer

nation-states

Answer

centrifugal organizations

Answer

federations

Question 16

The European Union is an example of

Accepted Answer

supranationalism

Answer

nationalism

Answer

a fragmented state

Answer

a unitary state

Answer

a nation-state

Question 17

Which of the following events could be a threat to a state’s sovereignty at the national scale, while holding a region together at the global scale?

Accepted Answer

Admittance into a supranational organization such as the European Union

Answer

A natural disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami occurring within the country

Answer

A member of the state’s minority political party being elected to lead the country

Answer

Decommitment to environmental resolutions established by the United Nations

Answer

A shift from a federal system to a unitary system of governance within the state

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