Question 1

Which of the following describes the importance of the invention and diffusion of the seed drill in the early eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

It was instrumental in adding efficiencies and decreasing waste when farmers planted their crops.

Answer

It increased a farmer’s grain yields by a multiple of at least 10.

Answer

It eliminated the need for the farmer to walk behind his horses, which pulled the farm equipment.

Answer

It added iron to the soil; iron was important to growing strong plants and increasing agricul-tural productivity.

Answer

It increased efficiency by helping farmers prepare large fields for planting grain crops.

Question 2

About 5000 years ago, early farmers in the Indus Valley invented an agricultural tool that was pulled by oxen to break up the soil before farm-ers planted their crops. Which of the following explains the importance of the improvements to this innovation during the Second Agricultural Revolution?

Accepted Answer

The cast iron plow patented in the United States in the late eighteenth century repre-sented the first major improvement in agricul-tural technology in 2000 years.

Answer

The mechanical reaper invented in the United States in the early nineteenth century was the first agricultural innovation that was pulled by a tractor rather than by horses.

Answer

The seed drill invented in England in the early eighteenth century was the first agricultural machine with moving parts.

Answer

The steel plow patented in the United States in the mid-nineteenth century was the first commercially successful plow in the world.

Answer

The agricultural scythe that cut wide swaths of grain during harvest time provided work for farm laborers.

Question 3

What agricultural activity is shown in the follow-ing image?

Accepted Answer

plowing the ground

Answer

planting seeds

Answer

applying herbicide to the weeds

Answer

harvesting the crop

Answer

spreading fertilizer

Question 4

Which of the following is a result of the change from subsistence farming to the production of cash crops by farmers and their families?

Accepted Answer

Farmers moved from producing for the farm family to producing for a non-farm market.

Answer

Industrialized countries purchased surplus food from economically less developed countries.

Answer

Farmers moved out of the village and bought new farms closer to urban areas.

Answer

Farmers hired immigrant laborers to plant the fields and harvest the grain.

Answer

Population in urban areas decreased when people moved to rural areas and bought farms.

Question 5

Which of the following is a result of the change from subsistence farming to cash crops in the farming communities?

Accepted Answer

Farmers turned from cooperation between farms to competition for markets.

Answer

Farm products were more diversified and sold for high profits at farmers’ markets.

Answer

The size of farm families increased, and taxes were raised to provide more schools.

Answer

Farm women increased sales of farm products, such as eggs and cheese, to the local market.

Answer

Government subsidies provided for a university education for all members of a farm family.

Question 6

Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by

Accepted Answer

an increase in the use of energy and technology

Answer

substantial increases in the amount of land under cultivation

Answer

global warming

Answer

an increase in the urban workforce

Answer

an increase in the agricultural workforce

Question 7

The two images show different agricultural methods. In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images?

Accepted Answer

The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted.

Answer

The introduction of machines during the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in many farmers being pushed off their land, leading to famine and starvation in the countryside.

Answer

Although new farm machines were developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution, many farmers continued to practice agriculture in traditional ways because of cultural taboos associated with the adoption of modern farming techniques.

Answer

During the Second Agricultural Revolution, many farmers continued to use traditional farming techniques that were more suited to the tropical environments they lived in.

Answer

The developments associated with the Second Agricultural Revolution were applicable only to farmers growing grain in temperate regions of the world.

Question 8

The images show devices developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution. Which of the following best describes the impacts of the Second Agricultural Revolution?

Accepted Answer

Technological innovations, such as the devices shown in the images, and increased agricultural productivity led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories.

Answer

Genetically modified crops and ever-increasing levels of mechanization, as shown in the images, drove productivity up and made hunger a thing of the past.

Answer

Innovations such as crop rotations and hybrid selection, facilitated by the technology shown in the images, made agriculture productive enough to support the growth of urban centers and led to the creation of modern civilization.

Answer

The adaptation of newly introduced crops such as potatoes and corn from the New World, which were planted and harvested using the technology shown in the images, made European farms more productive, which led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories.

Answer

The Second Agricultural Revolution is ongoing, as engineers continue to improve agricultural machinery and scientists search for crops adapted to the drier, warmer climates predicted for the coming decades.

Question 9

The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions?

Accepted Answer

The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce

Answer

An increase in chemical farming practices let to more food being produced by farmers and then processed in factories

Answer

The domestication of plants and animals allowed for factory farming practices where workers made the first canned foods

Answer

An increase in the rural farming workforce lead to higher farm productivity, which resulted in more food for urban industrial workers

Answer

The creation of sedentary societies, where farm work was done completely by machine, resulted in permanent settlements in town and cities

Question 10

Technologies invented during which of the following periods explain how farmland was divided and cultivated as shown in the satellite image?

Accepted Answer

Second Agricultural Revolution, when land-surveying technology and mechanical plows were developed.

Answer

Columbian Exchange, when the use of Old World farm animals such as cows and horses was introduced.

Answer

First Agricultural Revolution, when the animal-powered plow and domesticated plants were developed.

Answer

Modern era, when local farmers used computers and data analysis.

Answer

Postindustrial era, when local farmers used global positioning systems and geographic information systems.

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