Question 1

Which of the following is an example of negative correlation?

Accepted Answer

People who spend more time exercising tend to experience less depression.

Answer

Students with lower IQ scores tend to have lower grades.

Answer

As hours studying for a test decrease, so do grades on that test.

Answer

Students’ shoe sizes are not related to their grades.

Question 2

In an experiment to test the effects of room temperature on test performance, the independent variable is

Accepted Answer

the temperature of the room.

Answer

the scores on the test before the experiment begins.

Answer

the scores on the test at the end of the experiment.

Answer

the role of the teacher.

Question 3

Researchers have discovered that individuals with lower income levels report having fewer hours of total sleep. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

income and sleep levels are positively correlated.

Answer

income and sleep levels are negatively correlated.

Answer

income and sleep levels are not correlated.

Answer

lower income levels cause individuals to have fewer hours of sleep.

Question 4

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

−0.85

Answer

+0.75

Answer

+1.3

Answer

−0.05

Question 5

The purpose of random assignment is to

Accepted Answer

reduce potential confounding variables.

Answer

give every member of the population an equal chance to participate in the research.

Answer

eliminate the placebo effect.

Answer

generate operational definitions for the independent and dependent variables.

Question 6

In a drug study, neither the participants nor the person distributing the pills knows who is receiving the new drug and who is receiving the placebo. This type of research design is said to be a(n) ____________ study.

Accepted Answer

double-blind

Answer

correlational

Answer

confounding

Answer

single-blind

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a control group in an experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Having a control group allows researchers to determine a cause-and-effect relation between the independent variable and dependent variable.

Answer

Having a control group allows researchers to reduce the effect of confounding variables on the dynamic between the independent variable and the dependent variable.

Answer

Having a control group allows researchers to better generalize their results to the population of interest.

Answer

Having a control group allows researchers to replicate the results from past research.

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