Module 1.1 - Interaction of Heredity and Environment
Quiz by Dan Koch
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- Q1
Dr. Grant conducted a study examining the extent to which humans share genes with each other and with other animals. She is also interested in understanding how genes contribute to behavior. Which conclusion would Dr. Grant most likely reach based on her research and the results of previous research?
Chimpanzees share very few genes with humans.
Complex behaviors are determined by specific individual genes.
Human genes are mostly the same across all people.
Genetic predispositions do not explain our shared human nature.
45s - Q2
Dr. Koulianos conducted a study on 1000 sets of identical and fraternal twin pairs being raised in the same house-hold versus in different households to determine which twin pairs were most similar in their athletic abilities. Based on previous research, who should Dr. Koulianos expect to be most alike?
Fraternal twins raised in the same households
Identical twins raised in different households
Fraternal twins raised in different households
Identical twins raised in the same households
45s - Q3
Dr. Yondu believes that having good social skills improves emotional stability. He conducts an experiment in which 100 children are randomly assigned to one of two conditions. One group of children receives a social skills intervention, while the other group of children listens to an instructional talk about how to whistle. Both groups complete an emotional stability questionnaire four weeks later. What does Dr. Yondu’s independent variable measure?
The impact of nature
The impact of epigenetics
The impact of nurture
The impact of evolution
45s - Q4
Dr. Quill wants to conduct a study on how heredity may influence musical ability. Which of the following would be the best operational definition for his dependent variable?
Compare the genes of master musicians to the genes of individuals without musical aptitude.
Rate the quality of musical performance from 1 (indicating poor performance) to 5 (indicating superior performance).
Provide musical instruments to one group of children and provide no musical instruments to a second group of children.
Assign one group of pregnant women to listen to music daily and assign a second group of pregnant women to avoid music.
45s - Q5
Which of the following illustrates how a researcher might examine the influence of nature on behavior?
Dr. Hayakawa examined the influence of parenting on eating choices in children.
Dr. Rojas examined the influence of genes on academic performance in teenagers.
Dr. Williams examined the influence of media exposure on occupational choice in college students.
Dr. Olofsson examined the influence of exercise on attention in middle schoolers.
45s - Q6
Dr. Frances conducted a study on the impact of prenatal exposure to cocaine on hyperactivity in rats. Which is an accurate statement about this research study?
The independent variable is hyperactivity, which reflects the impact of nurture.
The independent variable is exposure to cocaine, which reflects the impact of nature.
The independent variable is hyperactivity, which reflects the impact of nature.
The independent variable is exposure to cocaine, which reflects the impact of nurture.
45s - Q7
Which of the following is an example of gene–environment interaction?
Yeh Lin experiences flushing syndrome, which often occurs in people of Asian heritage.
Alfonso gets food poisoning from eating undercooked meat.
Ted develops high cholesterol, which runs in his family, because his diet contains too much saturated fat.
Jordan has an autoimmune disorder that causes him to lose hair.
45s - Q8
Dr. Freedia conducted a study in which she randomly assigned mice to one of two conditions. One group of mice was moved to a new cage every week for 8 weeks, while the other group of mice was allowed to remain in the same cage during this period. Dr. Freedia measured the levels of stress hormones in the mice’s bloodstream at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. She also measured the level of stress hormones in the mice’s offspring, and she found that the offspring of the mice that were exposed to frequent housing changes had higher levels than did the offspring of the mice that were not exposed to frequent housing changes.
Which of the following statements about this study is most accurate?
By randomly choosing mice from the entire population of mice, Dr. Freedia can ensure that her results regarding the effects of natural selection apply to all mice.
By randomly placing mice into the two groups of the study, Dr. Freedia can explain her results based on the effects of epigenetics rather than other factors.
By randomly choosing mice from the entire pop-ulation of mice, Dr. Freedia can explain her results based on the effects of epigenetics rather than other factors.
By randomly placing mice into the two groups of the study, Dr. Freedia can explain her results based on evolution.
60s - Q9
Dr. Freedia conducted a study in which she randomly assigned mice to one of two conditions. One group of mice was moved to a new cage every week for 8 weeks, while the other group of mice was allowed to remain in the same cage during this period. Dr. Freedia measured the levels of stress hormones in the mice’s bloodstream at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. She also measured the level of stress hormones in the mice’s offspring, and she found that the offspring of the mice that were exposed to frequent housing changes had higher levels than did the offspring of the mice that were not exposed to frequent housing changes.
Based on the results of this study, a journalist wrote an article encouraging parents to avoid moving so as not to increase their children’s and future grandchildren’s stress hormone levels. What is the biggest problem with this reasoning?
Dr. Freedia did not employ random assignment, so the journalist cannot make claims about the impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
Dr. Freedia did not employ random selection, so the journalist cannot generalize the results to the larger population.
Dr. Freedia employed a nonexperimental design in her study, so the journalist is unable to infer a cause-effect relationship between the variables.
Dr. Freedia conducted her study on mice, so the results may not generalize to the population of humans.
60s - Q10
Which of the following concepts is an example of using evolutionary principles in a discriminatory way?
Eugenics
Epigenetics
Natural selection
Mutations
30s - Q11
Dr. Vaughn studies how population characteristics change over time based on how surviving members of a species pass on their genes to future generations. Dr. Vaughn studies
eugenics.
heredity.
epigenetics.
natural selection.
45s - Q12
Dr. Privit examines how nongenetic factors impact behavior to better understand the role of
nature.
heredity.
environment.
epigenetics.
30s