Question 1

For a neuron to generate an action potential, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

Excitatory impulses must outnumber inhibitory impulses.

Answer

The neuron must be in the refractory period.

Answer

Glial cells must release neurotransmitters into the axon.

Answer

Dopamine and serotonin must be present in equal amounts.

Question 2

Dr. Hansel studies the speed of neurotransmitters crossing the space between neurons. Which of the following does Dr. Hansel study?

Accepted Answer

Synaptic gap

Answer

Axon

Answer

Myelin sheath

Answer

Dendrites

Question 3

Dr. Gretel asked her students to identify what happens after neurotransmitters are released and trigger an action potential in a neighboring neuron. Which student response is accurate?

Accepted Answer

The sending neuron reabsorbs the neurotransmitter for reuse.

Answer

The synaptic cleft closes temporarily to terminate the action potential.

Answer

The myelin sheath absorbs the excess neurotransmitters.

Answer

The receiving neuron absorbs the neurotransmitter to send to the next neuron.

Question 4

Hollinger was recently diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Which neurotransmitters are most likely in undersupply in Hollinger’s brain?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin and norepinephrine

Answer

Oxytocin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Answer

Acetylcholine (ACh) and histamine

Answer

Dopamine and acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 5

Dr. Shill conducted a study in which she administered morphine, which mimics the action of naturally occur-ring endorphins, to volunteers in hopes of determining whether morphine boosts mood. In this instance, the independent variable is a(n)

Accepted Answer

agonist.

Answer

antagonist.

Answer

synapse.

Answer

ion.

Question 6

In this image of a neuron, which letter corresponds with the neuron’s axon?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 7

Imagine you are the teacher of an AP® Psychology course, and one of your students declares, “Hormones are the same thing as neurotransmitters.” Which statement best modifies this student’s claim to make it more accurate?

Accepted Answer

“While neurotransmitters and hormones are both chemical messages within the nervous system, hormones travel much more slowly than neurotransmitters do, and their effects last longer.”

Answer

“While neurotransmitters and hormones are both electrical messages within the nervous system, neurotransmitters travel much more slowly than hormones do, and their effects last longer.”

Answer

“While neurotransmitters and hormones are both electrical messages within the nervous system, neurotransmitters travel much more quickly than hormones do, and their effects last longer.”

Answer

“While neurotransmitters and hormones are both chemical messages within the nervous system, hormones travel much more quickly than neurotransmitters do, and their effects last longer.”

Question 8

Axel woke up feeling alert. Which neurotransmitter impacted his alertness?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Substance P

Answer

Dopamine

Question 9

Which statement should Prim say to accurately discuss myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

It enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next.

Answer

It supports, nourishes, and protects neurons.

Answer

It contains the cell’s life-support center.

Answer

It blocks a neurotransmitter’s action.

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