The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are:

The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in:

Under the tithing system, groups of 10 families (or a tithing) would follow three of the principles listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

The Statute of Winchester formalized the ____ system of protection.

According to Peel, the main function of the police was to ____ by ____ of the community.

Earlier in American history, two forms of police protection began to evolve—the ____ in the villages, towns, and cities; and the ____ in the rural areas, unincorporated areas, and counties.

Early American citizens ____ the formation of the first police departments.

After the Civil War, municipal police officers began to take on the characteristics of today's police. Three of these characteristics are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the first black police officers?

In the South, the earliest form of policing was the:

The slave codes held slaves responsible for their crimes and other acts that were not crimes if committed by free persons. Three typical restrictions against slaves are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

The idea of ____ remains very popular in the South and the West.

August Vollmer advocated three principles to professionalize American policing. Which of the following does NOT belong?

At various times in American history, local police have acted in several different roles. Three of the roles listed in your textbook are below. Which one does NOT belong?

Three emphasis areas of community policing are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

One general grouping in your textbook lists four categories of local duties. Three are listed below. Which is NOT one of the duties discussed in your text?

Breaking up a fight, holding back a crowd at a sporting event, or intervening in a domestic dispute before it gets violent are examples of which of the following local police duties?

Taking people to the hospital, escorting funeral processions, delivering mail for city officials, or chasing bats out of a caller's house are examples of which of the following local police duties?

Which of the following is usually NOT a county law enforcement function?

Three of the following statements describe how politics affects the role of sheriff in most counties. Which one does NOT belong?

Which of the 50 United States does not have a state policing agency?

There are three major differences between federal law enforcement and local and state police agencies. They are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

According to the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which of the following agencies or organizations has “primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting acts of terrorism”?

A number of factors have triggered the growth of private security in the United States. Three are listed below. Which one does NOT belong?

______ refers to protective services that a private security firm provides to people, agencies and companies that do not employ their won security personnel or that need extra protection, while ______ refers to in-house protective services that a security staff provides for the entity that employs it.

Your textbook lists four unresolved problems and issues relating to private security. Three are listed below. Which one does not belong?

_____ is a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police, anywhere within the state.

_____ is a technological and management system that aims to make the police better organized and more effective crime fighters.

Jurisdiction is defined as a specific geographical area, but does not include the right or authority of a justice agency to act in regard to a particular subject matter, territory, or person.

The constable-watch system was England's earliest form of group protection.

Henry Fielding established the Bow Street Runners, who were England's first professional detective force.

The United States has more police departments than any other nation in the world.

Until the 1920s, political corruption prevented the development of professional police departments in most American cities.

In community policing, the community and police jointly approach the problems of maintaining order and providing services.

At the federal level, there are more than 100 law enforcement agencies.

Many other nations have only one police department.

Most police agencies in the United States require complex organizational structures.

In the highway patrol model, the agency and its officers have essentially the same enforcement powers as local police in the state and can work cases and enforce the law anywhere within the state's boundaries.

States that employ the highway patrol model often have other state law enforcement agencies with narrow service mandates.

Private security complements public law enforcement in the United States.

Because of relatively low wages, private security officers frequently work part time or have another primary job and use their security job wages to supplement their incomes.