(1620) signed by 41 male passengers.

Signed in 1776, this is a statement that explains that America is independent from England. Written by Thomas Jefferson, this document says that people's rights include "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness"

the part of government that makes laws

economic system in which people put money (capital) in a business in order to make a profit in the future. "________ encouraged exploration. Investors formed companies to equip sea voyages or to start colonies."

large estate farmed by many workers

System of government in which ordinary citizen have the power to govern. Used in Ancient Greece.

Economic policy that held that a nation prospered by exporting more goods to foreign nations that it imported from them.

political system in which voters elect others to make laws (govern)

First permanent English Colony in North America 1607. Although eventually prosperous, colonists' early lack of food and resources is now remembered as the Starving Time. Eventually grew Tobacco and became prosperous.

A colony established by the English Pilgrims, or Seperatists, in 1620. The Seperatists were Puritans who abandoned hope that the Anglican Church could be reformed or "purified"

1619 - The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. Later other colonies would adopt houses of Burgesses. Established Representative Government in the colonies

A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa and finished products to American.

the basic material from which a product is made. These were traded from the colonies to England where they were turned into finished goods and sent back to the colonies.

A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting. This was originally used in Rome and influenced Americans

the lawmaking branch of the British government. Made up of house of Lords (non-elected) and House of Commons (elected). Had the ability to approve all taxes. Colonists were not represented here.

1689 laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament including trial by jury and Habeas Corpus

Protection against unlawful imprisonment. Says the government can't just lock people up without reason.

The right of a person to be tried by a jury, or a group of citizens, to decide if the person is guilty or innocent of committing a crime. (First included in the English Bill of Rights)

the lower house of Congress, consisting of a different number of representatives from each state, depending on population (435 total representatives)

The upper house of the U.S. Congress. Two per state = 100 elected Senators

all future generations of people

Belief that a rulers authority comes from God. Absolute monarchs believed they ruled by ________ ________.

rights that belong to every human being from birth. John Locke proposed that people have _________ _________.

agreement between countries to aid and support one another. In 1778, France entered into a formal _______ with the United States.

Colonial Militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute's notice. American formed group of young soldiers ready to assemble quickly called _________.

Formal complaint. The Declaration of Independence details a long list of specific ___________ against King George.

Principle by which the powers of government are divided among separate branches. _____ _ ______ protected the rights of the people because it kept any individual group from gaining too much power. Supported by French philosopher Montesquieu

The rights of newspapers and other public media to publish articles believed to be accurate. Today ______ _ _ ________ is recognized as one of the most fundamental American liberties.

Person who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution. _______ believed that the safety and economic well-being of the colonies depended on their connection with Britain.

Publisher who questioned the policies of the governor of New York in the 1700's. He was jailed; he sued, and this court case was the basis for our freedom of speech and press. He was found not guilty.

Religious revival in the 1730s and 1740s in American colonies during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. This affected how colonists viewed their political rights and their government and increased tolerance for different religions. Colonists were urged to challenge authority

A written defamation of a person's character, reputation, business, or property rights.

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers and said that government should be defined and limited (1689-1755)

the time period in the 1700s during which many Europeans began to break away from tradition and rethink political and social norms

17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property. [Used in the Declaration of Independence but changed to "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness."

AKA Seven Years War, (1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the colonists and the French and Native Americans for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won, but had to tax colonists to pay the costs of the war..

The use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving a city or region. The British setup up a _________ to prevent French troops from receiving supplies.

An act that raised tax revenue in the colonies for the crown. It also increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies. It was eventually lowered in order to prevent Smuggling

required colonists to purchase a stamp to be placed on a number of documents, newspapers, pamphlets, posters and even a deck of playing cards.

It was intended to help the East India Company by giving them the right to be the only company to ship tea into the colonies, creating a monopoly

Designed to punish the colonists. Shut down the port of Boston, ended self-rule in Massachusetts, tried colonists for high crimes in England, and created the New Quartering Act for all colonies.

Convention of delegates from the colonies called in to discuss their response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts. Colonists agreed to boycott British goods, pay no new taxes, and prepare for war.

A group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies

Final Battle of the Revolutionary War; ended with British Surrender to Washington.

Turning point of the war; American Victory where France decides to be an ally and support the colonies in the war.

"The Shot Heard Round the World." 1000 British soldiers attempt to seize colonists' weapons.

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire. Founded for Religious Freedom. Colonists earned money from Fishing, Whaling, and Cutting Trees for Shipbuilding.

These colonies engaged in large scale farming due the their warm climate and long growing season.

Pamphlet written in 1776 that argued that Americans should fight for independence from England.