Question 1

What is an unsaturated compound?

Accepted Answer

It contains at least one double bond

Answer

It has single bonds only

Question 2

What is a saturated compound?

Accepted Answer

It has single bonds only

Answer

It contains at least one double bond

Question 3

What is a homologous series?

Accepted Answer

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a CH2 group.

Answer

A family of compounds with similar physical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a -CH2 group.

Question 4

What is a functional group?

Accepted Answer

A part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecule's chemical properties.

Answer

A part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecule's physical properties.

Question 5

What is the name of a hydrocarbon which have some or all of the carbon atoms in a benzene ring.

Accepted Answer

aromatic

Answer

alicyclic

Answer

aliphatic

Question 6

What is the name of a hydrocarbon which is a straight chain?

Accepted Answer

aliphatic

Answer

alicyclic

Answer

aromatic

Question 7

What is the name of a hydrocarbon which are attached to each other in ring structures?

Accepted Answer

alicyclic

Answer

aliphatic

Answer

aromatic

Question 8

what is the name of hydrocarbons with at least one triple carbon-carbon bond?

Accepted Answer

alkynes

Answer

alkenes

Question 9

What is the functional group for an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

H-C=O

Answer

C-C=O-C

Answer

O=C-O-C

Question 10

What is the functional group for an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

OH

Answer

COOH

Answer

COOC

Answer

CHO

Question 11

What is the functional group for a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

COOH

Answer

NH2

Answer

CHO

Answer

COOC

Question 12

What is the functional group for an ester?

Accepted Answer

O=C-O-C

Answer

-CN (triple bond)

Answer

NH2

Answer

CHO

Question 13

What is the functional group for an amine?

Accepted Answer

NH2

Answer

-CN (triple bond)

Answer

CHO

Answer

O=C-O-C

Question 14

What is the functional group for a nitrile?

Accepted Answer

-CN (triple bond)

Answer

O=C-O-C

Answer

C-C=O-C

Answer

CHO

Question 15

What is the functional group for a ketone?

Accepted Answer

C-C=O-C

Answer

-CN (triple bond)

Answer

CHO

Answer

O=C-O-C

Question 16

what is the structural formula?

Accepted Answer

smallest detail necessary is used to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Shows clearly which groups are bonded together.

Answer

shows relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Answer

Simplified organic formula

Answer

simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 17

what is the displayed formula?

Accepted Answer

shows relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Answer

smallest detail necessary is used to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Shows clearly which groups are bonded together.

Answer

Simplified organic formula

Answer

simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 18

what is the empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound

Answer

shows relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Answer

smallest detail necessary is used to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Shows clearly which groups are bonded together.

Answer

Simplified organic formula

Question 19

what is the skeletal formula?

Accepted Answer

Simplified organic formula

Answer

shows relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Answer

simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound

Answer

smallest detail necessary is used to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule. Shows clearly which groups are bonded together.

Question 20

What are structural isomers?

Accepted Answer

Same molecular formula but different structural formulae.

Answer

Same structural formula but different molecular  formulae.

Question 21

What are functional group isomers?

Accepted Answer

Different functional groups

Answer

Functional group in different positions in the carbon chain

Question 22

What are positional isomers?

Accepted Answer

Functional group in different positions in the carbon chain

Answer

Different functional groups

Question 23

what is heterolytic fission?

Accepted Answer

Breaking of a covalent bond, one of the bonded atoms takes BOTH of the electrons from the bond. the one which takes the electrons is a negative ion, the one that doesn't is the positive ion.

Answer

Breaking of a covalent bond, each of the bonded atoms takes one of the shared pair of electrons from the bond. A radical is formed.

Question 24

what is homolytic fission?

Accepted Answer

Breaking of a covalent bond, each of the bonded atoms takes one of the shared pair of electrons from the bond. A radical is formed.

Answer

Breaking of a covalent bond, one of the bonded atoms takes BOTH of the electrons from the bond. the one which takes the electrons is a negative ion, the one that doesn't is the positive ion.

Question 25

What do fish arrows show?

Accepted Answer

movement of one electron

Answer

the movement of electron pairs when bonds are being broken/made

Question 26

What do curly arrows show?

Accepted Answer

the movement of electron pairs when bonds are being broken/made

Answer

movement of one electron

Question 27

Which type of reaction involves the removal of a small molecule from a larger one leading to a double bond being formed in the larger molecule?

Accepted Answer

Elimination

Answer

Addition

Answer

Substitution

Question 28

Which type of reaction allows two reactants to join together to form one product and involves a double bond breaking?

Accepted Answer

Addition

Answer

Elimination

Answer

Substitution

Question 29

Which type of reaction involves an atom/group of atoms being replaced by a different atom/group of atoms?

Accepted Answer

Substitution

Answer

Addition

Answer

Elimination

Question 30

What is the double C=C bond consisting of?

Accepted Answer

A sigma bond with a pi bond (electron densities above and below the sigma bond)

Answer

A pi bond with a sigma bond (electron densities above and below the pi bond)

Question 31

What is more reactive: alkenes or alkanes?

Accepted Answer

alkenes

Answer

alkanes

Question 32

what happens to the boiling point with the increased chain length?

Accepted Answer

increases

Answer

decreases

Question 33

what does branching of the carbon chain do to boiling point?

Accepted Answer

lowers BP

Answer

increases BP

Question 34

What happens in the termination  stage?

Accepted Answer

two radicals react to form a stable molecule

Answer

the covalent bond in the halogen molecule breaks homolytically due to UV forming radicals

Answer

Chain reaction consisting of steps 1) radical reacts with C-H bond forming an alkyl radical and a molecule 2) the alkyl radical reacts with a halogen molecule reforming the first radical and an organic product

Question 35

What happens in the initiation stage?

Accepted Answer

the covalent bond in the halogen molecule breaks homolytically due to UV forming radicals

Answer

Chain reaction consisting of steps 1) radical reacts with C-H bond forming an alkyl radical and a molecule 2) the alkyl radical reacts with a halogen molecule reforming the first radical and an organic product

Answer

two radicals react to form a stable molecule

Question 36

What happens in the propagation  stage?

Accepted Answer

Chain reaction consisting of steps 1) radical reacts with C-H bond forming an alkyl radical and a molecule 2) the alkyl radical reacts with a halogen molecule reforming the first radical and an organic product

Answer

two radicals react to form a stable molecule

Answer

the covalent bond in the halogen molecule breaks homolytically due to UV forming radicals

Question 37

what is a pi bond?

Accepted Answer

the overlapping of two p orbitals (in a double bond)

Answer

the overlapping of two s orbitals (single bond)

Question 38

what is a sigma bond?

Accepted Answer

the overlapping of two s orbitals (single bond)

Answer

the overlapping of two p orbitals (in a double bond)

Question 39

which of these bonds cannot rotate?

Accepted Answer

double bond due to the pi bond locking the two carbon atoms in position because the pi electron density is concentrated and above the line joining the nuclei of the bonding atoms

Answer

double bond due to the sigma bond locking the two carbon atoms in position because the sigma electron density is concentrated and above the line joining the nuclei of the bonding atoms

Question 40

what is the shape around each carbon of a chain in alkenes?

Accepted Answer

trigonal planar

Answer

tetrahedral

Question 41

what is the shape around each carbon of a straight chain in alkanes?

Accepted Answer

tetrahedral

Answer

trigonal planar

Question 42

what are stereoisomers?

Accepted Answer

same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space

Answer

same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space

Question 43

what do stereoisomers exist in?

Accepted Answer

alkenes due to double bond

Answer

alkanes due to single bond

Question 44

When does a molecule exhibit E/Z stereoisomerism?

Accepted Answer

a C=C double bond, different groups attached to each carbon atom of the double bond

Answer

a C=C double bond, same groups attached to each carbon atom of the double bond

Question 45

cis/trans used when

Accepted Answer

one of the attached groups/atoms to the C is a H

Answer

of the attached groups/atoms to the C is not a H

Question 46

trans isomer

Accepted Answer

E isomer

Answer

Z isomer

Question 47

cis isomer

Accepted Answer

Z isomer

Answer

E isomer

Question 48

What is it called when the same atoms are on the opposite side of the double bond?

Accepted Answer

E isomer

Answer

Z isomer

Question 49

What is it called when the same atoms are on the same side of the double bond?

Accepted Answer

Z isomer

Answer

E isomer

Question 50

If all the groups attached to the C=C how do you work out which is higher priority?

Accepted Answer

Look at which has a higher atomic number

Answer

Look at which has a higher mass number

Question 51

Of the bonds in the C=C which is broken more readily?

Accepted Answer

pi bond

Answer

sigma bond

Question 52

What are the conditions for hydrogenation of alkenes?

Accepted Answer

Ni catalyst at 423K forms an alkane

Answer

Ti catalyst at 423K forms an alkane

Question 53

which halogens do alkenes react with in room temperature?

Accepted Answer

bromine and chlorine

Answer

bromine and fluorine

Question 54

which is more stable?

Accepted Answer

tertiary carbocations

Answer

secondary carbocations

Answer

primary carbocations

Question 55

what is an nucleophile?

Accepted Answer

negative ion with a lone pair

Answer

electro deficient and accepts an electron pair.

Question 56

what is an electrophile?

Accepted Answer

electro deficient and accepts an electron pair.

Answer

negative ion with a lone pair

Question 57

when a halogen approaches a pi bond what happens?

Accepted Answer

the interaction causes polarisation of the Br Br bond with the one becoming closest to the pi bond delta + and one end becoming delta -

Answer

the interaction causes polarisation of the Br Br bond with the one becoming furthest to the pi bond delta + and one end becoming delta -

Question 58

what is poly(tetrafluoroethene) used for?

Accepted Answer

as coating for non stick pans, cable insulation

Answer

children's toys, packing crates, guttering and fibre for ropes

Answer

packaging material, food trays and cups, thermal insulating properties

Question 59

what is polypropene used for?

Accepted Answer

children's toys, packing crates, guttering and fibre for ropes

Answer

packaging material, food trays and cups, thermal insulating properties

Answer

as coating for non stick pans, cable insulation

Question 60

what is poly(phenylthene) (known as polysytrene) used for?

Accepted Answer

packaging material, food trays and cups, thermal insulating properties

Answer

as coating for non stick pans, cable insulation

Answer

children's toys, packing crates, guttering and fibre for ropes

Question 61

how do you identify a monomer from a polymer?

Accepted Answer

identify the repeating unit and replace the C-C bond with a C=C

Answer

identify the repeating unit and replace the C=C bond with a C-C

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