One of the indications for periodontal surgery is to provide access for improved periodontal instrumentation of the root surfaces.

One relative contraindication for periodontal surgery can be a high risk for dental caries.

The term healing by repair means that the architecture and function of lost tissue is completely re-stored.

In bone replacement graft procedure, using an autograft means that the graft material is taken from the patient.

The term xenograft refers to a graft taken from a human other than the patient receiving the graft.

A subepithelial connective tissue graft is a type of periodontal plastic surgery.

Esthetic crown lengthening surgery results in longer clinical crowns for the teeth.

The suture size 4-0 is smaller than the suture size 3-0.

When removing sutures following a periodontal surgical procedure, the suture knot should always be pulled through the tissues.

A healthy immune system decreases the incidence of periodontal disease.

Research shows that diets high in refined carbohydrates increase the risk for periodontal disease.

Emerging scientific evidence indicates obesity appears to play a role in the etiology of periodontal disease.

Diets deficient in vitamin D, calcium, and antioxidants increase the risk for periodontal disease.

Antioxidants are substances that occur naturally in the body and certain foods inhibit oxidation and may block damage to cells by free radicals.

Vitamin C has effective antioxidant properties and helps protect against the ROS generated during inflammatory responses.

In comparing smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis, smokers have all of the following EXCEPT:

The effect of smoking and periodontal destruction is dose dependent with number of cigarettes daily. Nonsmokers and smokers heal well in response to periodontal treatment.

What percentage of the periodontitis cases among adults in the United States is associated with current and former smoking?

Smokers are at higher risk for tooth loss. In smokers, the periodontal tissues are continuously exposed to more than 4,000 toxins in smoke.

In smokers, the clinical signs of inflammation, such as redness and bleeding upon probing, are:

In smokers, the lack of bleeding on probing does NOT indicate healthy tissue as it does in nonsmokers.

Smoking cessation is beneficial to periodontal health. The American Academy of Periodontology does NOT recommend including tobacco cessation counseling in periodontal therapy.

Periodontal maintenance goals include minimizing recurrence of periodontal disease and reducing the incidence of tooth loss.

Which of the following is NOT an objective of periodontal maintenance?

Procedures performed during a periodontal maintenance appointment include patient interview, clinical assessment, and periodontal instrumentation.

Which of the following has NOT been demonstrated to reduce root caries?

Research evidence suggests that a proper interval for periodontal maintenance is:

Compliance is defined as the:

Giving the patient multiple self-care aids to use each day is a proven technique for improving patient compliance.

Which of the following are indications for periodontal surgery?

Which are all indications for periodontal surgery?

This type of healing occurs when the wound margins or edges are closely adapted to each other - associated with wound approximation

This type of healing takes place when the margins or edges of the wound are not closely adapted - granulation tissue forms before epithelial tissue can

This type of wound healing occurs with the formation of tissues that do not fully restore the original architecture or original function of the body part - no regeneration of new periodontal tissues

Long junction epithelium is formed...

What is the reunion of the connective tissues and roots where these two tissues have been separated by surgical incision or physical injury, but not by disease

What is the union of a pathologically exposed root with connective tissue or epithelium - where periodontitis had previously destroyed this attachment?

The biologic process by which the architecture and function of lost tissue is completely restored - this healing would result in reformation of new cementum, functionally oriented periodontium ligament fibers, and new alveolar bone

Is gingival curettage outdated?

This periodontal surgical procedure is employed to encourage regeneration of lost periodontal structures by "guiding" the movement of progenitor cells towards the treated root surfaces while excluding the migration of the gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts

This procedure is used to provide access to the tooth roots for improved root preparation

What do the free gingival graft and the connective tissue graft do?

This surgical procedure is designed to excise and remove some of the gingival tissue

This is a periodontal plastic surgery designed to create longer clinical crowns for a tooth by removing some of the gingiva

The formation of new bone by viable, living cells that are contained in the graft material

A chemical process whereby molecules contained in the graft material have the ability to recruit and attract host bone-forming cells to the site of implantation to form new bone

A physical, passive process whereby the graft material itself acts as a scaffold for host bone-forming cells to migrate, attach, and grow on

Bone harvested from another species

Bone harvested from another human

Synthetic bone-like material

Bone harvested from patient's own body

Which suture is the largest?

What does excess adipose tissue do?

Adipose tissue...

You want balance between ROS and antioxidants

What are ROSs?

What causes PMNs to produce ROS during phagocytosis?

What is the influence of antioxidants on periodontal disease?

What are important on the downregulation of proinflammatory responses?

These are all oral problems associated with smoking: Halitosis, dry mouth, dental staining, periodontal disease, and cancer

Smoking is related to all of the following: Attachment loss, staining and biofilm accumulation, impact on oral microbial biofilms, decreased signs of inflammation and gingival crevicular blood flow, decreased IgG2 antibody production, and bone metabolism

How much greater is the reduction in bone height in smokers than non-smokers?

Non-smokers typically have worse periodontal conditions

Smokers typically have greater PDs, more attachment/alveolar bone loss than non-smokers and former smokers

This acts as the root and is usually threaded like a screw

This titanium post attaches to the body and protrudes partially or completely through the gingival tissue into the mouth

These are all indications for implants - single unit toothless gap with healthy adjacent teeth, partial edentulism with posterior teeth missing, complete edentulism, patients who cannot tolerate a removable restoration, patients with high aesthetic and/or functional demands

Contraindications for implants - heart valves, recent infarctions, active cancer, certain bone disease, strongly irradiated jaw bones, treatments of bisphosphates, young people, insufficient bone support, important anatomical structure inference, poor OH, bruxism

A failing implant has present bone loss and no osseointegrations

All the following are NOT recommended for use with dental implants EXCEPT:

Caution should be used when using which of the following to probe an implant?

Which of the following is true of osseointegration?

The risk factors to be considered when identifying clients for dental implants and development of peri-implantitis include all EXCEPT:

Some controversy surrounding periodontal probing around implants stems from concerns that probing around implants can break down the fragile epithelial attachment around dental implants or scratch the titanium surface. Despite the controversy, periodontal probe used in the evaluation of dental implants is widely used as a diagnositc tool and reported throughout the research literature.

Which of the following is true of tissues surrounding a dental implant?

Indications for more frequent maintenance intervals for dental implant patients include all, EXCEPT:

Instrument rigidity and design, prosthetic appliance design, biofilm location, and calculus should be carefully assessed prior to implant instrumentation because:

The recommended implant continued-care schedule for radiographic evaluation of bone and periodontal structures around the implant(s) is:

In smokers, the lack of bleeding on probing does NOT indicate healthy tissue as it does in nonsmokers.

Histologically, tobacco use causes all of the following EXCEPT:

Evidence indicates that cigarette smoking increases the risk for periodontal disease by at least...

Which of the following is associated with oxidative stress?

In smokers, the clinical signs of inflammation, such as redness and bleeding upon probing, are:

Diets deficient in vitamin D, calcium, and antioxidants increase the risk for periodontal disease. Low Vitamin C intake is associated with periodontal disease.

Implants can be clinically used to treat:

All the following explain the link between obesity and periodontitis EXCEPT:

All of the following are contraindications for patients considering implants EXCEPT one. Which is NOT a contraindication?

Osseointegration is described as:

All the following are TRUE of dental implants, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

The term failing implant is synonymous with peri-implantitis. Gingivitis is synonymous with peri-mucositis.

In comparing smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis, which of the following is correct concerning smokers?

An osseointegrated implant-to-connective tissue interface differs from that of a natural tooth in the following way:

Dental implants should be checked radiographically at least _______

You might address an individual's desire to lose some weight by discussing the association with obesity and periodontal disease because you understand that current evidence suggests that all EXCEPT the following are correct about possible harmful effects:

All the following are true of the implant body EXCEPT:

The Task Force of the 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases recognizes smoking as a major risk factor for periodontal and peri-implant diseases for the several reasons, including which of the following:

Smokers have decreased signs of inflammation and a decreased gingival crevicular blood flow that indicates an impaired gingival blood flow. This is due to:

Smoking not only increases the risk for developing periodontal disease but also impacts the response to periodontal treatment. Smokers show a poorer response to periodontal therapy compared to nonsmokers.