A patient requires a high dose of a new antihypertensive medication because the new medication has a significant first-pass effect. What does this mean?

Before administering drugs by the enteral route, the nurse should evaluate which of the following?

Which routes avoid the hepatic first-pass effect?

Which has the fastest onset of drug action? 

what has the slowest onset?

A patient has a new medication prescription and the nurse is providing education about the drug. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further medication education?

A combination of two different antihypertensive drugs in lower doses has been ordered for a patient whose hypertension has not been controlled by standard doses of either drug alone. The nursing student recognizes the interaction between these two drugs can have what effect?

The patient requires a drug that is known to be completely metabolized by the first-pass effect. What change will be needed when this drug is administered?

A patient who is in renal failure may have a diminished capacity to excrete medications. The nurse must assess the patient more frequently for what development? and what step of pharmacokinetics is this?

The provider has ordered atropine, a drug that will prevent the patient's own chemical, acetylcholine, from causing parasympathetic effects. What type of drug would atropine be considered?

Parasympathetic Nervous System is also known as

what is/are the Cholinergic Nervous System neurotransmitter(s) and Enzyme for degradation?

The nurse reads that the drug to be given to the patient has a "low therapeutic index". The nurse knows that this means that the drug has what properties?

what is important to monitor with a narrow therapeutic index?

what happens when the the Sympathetic Nervous System is activated?

what do Adrenergic (sympathetic)  Agonists do? Definition 

Parasympathetic (cholinergic) Receptors

what happens when the the Parasympathetic Nervous System is activated?

what do Adrenergic Antagonists do? Definition 

example of Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonist  

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system leads to the 'fight and flight' response. Which of these is not part of that process

Sympathetic (Adrenergic) Receptors

A 52 year-old man undergoes radiotherapy to treat a tumor in his neck. A side effect of his treatment is the development of salivary gland hypofunction, with associated dry mouth. A drug that could be used to treat this patient's condition is:

An older Italian woman who is "channeling" Livia Drusilla (first empress of ancient Rome) places some home made botanical eye drops in each eye before an upcoming date. Shortly thereafter her pupils become dilated & unresponsive to light. Later that evening she also discovers that she has extreme difficulty reading the restaurant menu. Regardless, her date finds her mysteriously attractive. What active ingredient did her eye drops most likely contain?

what type of drug is Neostigmine (Donepezil (Aricept))?

what type of drug is Metoprolol?

what would be an example of a brand name of a drug

what is an adverse effect? (definition)

what is "black box label" mean?

which has the highest potential for drug abuse?

which of the following isn't a ethnic / cultural consideration 

what is a agonist?

what effect does grapefruit have on the body and what step of Pharmacokinetics is it a part of?