Question 1

Fossils of extinct corals are commonly found in Pennsylvania. Scientists who study these coral fossils indicate that they are similar to living corals. Which statement BEST explains why these fossils provide valuable information about prehistoric Pennsylvania?

Accepted Answer

They may provide evidence that Pennsylvania was once covered by warm ocean waters since most corals are presently found in these environments.

Answer

They may indicate that corals may have lived on land at some point in history because corals presently live in aquatic environments.

Answer

They may indicate that the earliest sett

Answer

They may provide evidence for evolution by comparing adaptations for living on land with aquatic adaptations in the same species.

Question 2

The acidity of the water in a stream is indicated by its pH. Historically, a certain stream has had a pH of 6.0. Acid rain has caused the stream's pH to become 4.8. Which statement predicts how the stream's ecosystem will MOST LIKELY be impacted?

Accepted Answer

The number of fish in the stream will decrease

Answer

The number of fish in the stream will increase

Answer

The flow rate of the stream will increase.

Answer

The flow rate of the stream will decrease.

Question 3

Which system contains water that is MOST LIKELY to form a deep canyon?

Accepted Answer

a river

Answer

a wetland

Answer

an ocean

Answer

an estuary

Question 4

Soil at the shore of Lake Erie in Pennsylvania has a high sand and gravel content. Which of the following is a characteristic of this type of soil?

Accepted Answer

rapid water drainage

Answer

extensive producer biomass

Answer

significant depth before hitting bedrock

Answer

extreme acidity

Question 5

Erie, Pennsylvania, experiences lake-effect snow in the fall when cold winds from the northwest move across warmer lake water. The air absorbs water vapor from the lake and then deposits it as snow to the east and southeast of the lake. During some winters, the surface of Lake Erie freezes solid. Which statement describes how this event would most likely change lake-effect snow in Erie, Pennsylvania?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation from the lake would essentially stop, causing less water to be in the
surrounding air, which would result in a decrease in the amount of snowfall in Erie

Answer

Condensation would increase, producing an increase in the amount of snowfall in Erie
because the lake would remain at a constant temperature when frozen.

Answer

Winds blowing from the lake and into Erie would stop because the lake cannot lose heat
when frozen.

Answer

The weather in Erie would include excessive snow, wind, and freezing temperatures
because the lake would be unable to absorb energy from the air.

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