Which of the following elements or compounds is the LEAST important to life?

What makes Earth habitable for plants and animals?

It is defined as the distance from a central star where liquid water can exist on the planet’s surface.

Why is Earth’s atmosphere unique?

Match the corresponding description to each unique characteristic of Earth.

Which of the following layers contain most of Earth’s mass?

This part of a subsystem is the portion of the Earth that includes rocks and minerals, particularly in the upper mantle.

The atmosphere is composed of layers based on temperature. Order the correct arrangement of the layers of the atmosphere from the ground.

In mudflows and flooding that occur from volcanoes, streamside communities are affected. Which of Earth’s subsystems are involved?

What shows the correct order of Earth's discontinuities?

Which of the following qualifies underneath the mineral criteria?

This property is a more reliable way to determine the identity of a mineral. 

What is being described in the specific gravity of a mineral (all small letters)?

Which of the following pairs contain one igneous and one sedimentary rock?

This chemical property contains oxygen in tetrahedral units.

Exogenic Processes take place underneath the Earth’s surface.

Which among the following processes is the principal source of the inorganic constituents of soil where most vegetation could not grow?

Which of the following is NOT considered an example of mass wasting?

Endogenic Processes focus on the activity below the surface under intense or internal heat.

This theory talks about how terrestrial planets like Earth formed because of collision and accumulation of objects of dust origin called planetesimals. 

These refer to rocks that have cooled or crystallized from molten magma.

What is the difference between volcanic and plutonic rocks?

How can a rock be considered mafic?

Decompression melting happens when hot mantle rocks rise to an area of ______ pressure. This normally occurs in ______ plate boundaries like mid - ocean ridges.

What changes in rocks can be expected when hot water rises and reacts with them?

What type of stress results in the formation of folds in rock layers?

How do anticline and syncline fold differ?

What type of deformation results in faults?

When does a fault form?

It occurs when compressional stress is applied, causing the rock layer along continental margins to crumple.

Match the following terms to their description.

Which of the following does a geologist use to determine the relative ages in rock sequence?

Which process does NOT aid in the production of sedimentary structures?

Which pertains to the movement of Earth's solid materials from one place to another?

Which of the following forces causes deformation in a column of rock?

It refers to a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of tsunami?

It refers to the rapidly flowing thick mixture of volcanic sediments and water.

Which of the following is TRUE about the ground shaking?

What are some effects of landslides?

Coming from two Greek words, namely “hydro” and “meteoros”, these refer to the hazards of atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic nature.

Which of the following statements identifies the difference between a tropical cyclone and a monsoon?

What is the first step in reading a hazard map?

Which of the following are uses of a hazard map?

Generally, how are areas with higher susceptibility represented?

It is created from Earth’s lithosphere reacting to the gravitational pull of the sun, the moon, and other planets.

Which does NOT describe a wave?

Which of the following is true based on the causes of erosion?

It happens when the surface area for erosion is increased due to coastal processes.

Which of the following describes saltwater intrusion?

I. It is lessened by surface submersion.

II. It results from too much groundwater extraction.

III. It happens when there are too many people living near the coast.

IV. It happens when groundwater extraction is not properly regulated.