1.       Which of the following best describes cytoplasm? 

2.       Which of the following structures serves as the cell’s boundary from its environment? 

3.       Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? 

4. Which of the following best describes anaerobic bacteria?

5.       Which of the following is an example of a prokaryote? 

6. All the following parts are present in the bacterial cell except one.

7. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called __________ 

9. Which of the following are the products of the Krebs cycle?

10. Why is ATP important?

11. Why do cells divide?

12.  What controls most of the cell processes and contains the genetic information of DNA?

13. An animal cell that is surrounded by freshwater will burst because the osmotic pressure causes

14. A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient moves from an area of ________  concentration into an area of ___________ concentration.

15. Passive transport requires no ________________________.

16. Which is a reason why mitosis is important?

17.  Which of the following is mitosis not used for?

18. During which stage of mitosis do the centromeres split?

19.  In both mitosis and meiosis, sister chromatids separate during anaphase, but there are _____ haploid daughter nuclei produced by meiosis compared to ______ diploid nuclei by mitosis.

20. During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to disappear?

21. How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis by a single cell?

23. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, while in meiosis II, sister chromatids separate.

24.  ATP is produced with the use of NADH and FADH2, which is involved in this process?

25. Which requires the production of Acetyl-CoA as a start to continue the process?

26. ATP is formed through oxidative phosphorylation as the result of the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH 2 to O2 in a series of electron carriers. This process is also known as:

27.  What will you do if a chemical spills on the tabletop while experimenting?

28.  In a microscope, the ocular (eyepiece) is used to ______________.

29. A sterilization method that uses high-pressure steam that works by the concept that the boiling point of water (or steam)increases when it is under pressure.

30.  A laboratory technique that uses electrical energy to separate molecules such as proteins or nucleic acids by their size, structure, and electrical charge

31. It is a branch of pathology and genetics concerned with the study of normal chromosomes and chromosome aberrations.

32. It is an individual's collection of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory technique that produces an image of an individual's chromosomes.

33. It involves growing cells in media specifically selected for the chosen cell type, either as a suspension or an adherent (monolayer) culture.

34. is a revolutionary method developed by Kary Mullis in 1980s. It is based on using the ability of DNA polymerase to synthesize a new strand of DNA complementary to the offered template strand.

35. is a critical resource for biodiversity, ecological, and evolutionary research studies. It is a primary data source of dried and labeled plant specimens that are arranged to allow for easy retrieval access and archival storage.

36. It measures the amount of light that a sample absorbs. The instrument operates by passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of light reaching a detector.

37. It is an analytical technique used to separate a mixture of chemical substances into their individual compounds.

38. It can visualize neural structures from nanometers to millimeters. New imaging methods, including confocal, two-photon, yield spatial resolutions close to the theoretical limit for visible light.

40. In a laboratory experiment, the most important thing is ________________.