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Quiz 3 - Use correct preposition in sentence
Quiz by Richard Alboro
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Make mcq quiz with 4 option in which one is correct -'10 Basis of Material Science • .....;;;";;;"~~;;,,;;,,,,;.;.,,;;,,,;,,;.;,.,------------ 6. Temporary materials: Some materials are meant to be placed in the oral cavity for a short period of time for different reasons. • Temporary crowns: While a permanent crown is prepared in the dental laboratory, the patient must wait for few days before it can be fabricated and cemented into place. Does patient experience any problems during this time period? If the tooth is vital (the pulp is alive), the patient is likely to experience pain and sensitivity while eating and drinking, also it looks unesthetic. What can be done to solve this problem? A temporary crown is placed before the patient leaves the clinic. It is constructed and luted in the same appointment in which the crown preparation is done. Temporary crowns are not very strong or esthetic but they serve adequately till the permanent crown is ready to be cemented. • Temporary restorations: Sometimes it is difficult to decide immediately the best line of treatment for a particular tooth. The exact condition of the pulp may not be obvious to the dentist from the patient's symptoms. A dentist removes all or part of the decay and then places a temporary restoration to have time to observe the behaviour of the pulp or to give the pilip time to heal before deciding the further treatment required. Classification based on Location of Fabrication 4,9 Materials can be classified based on the location of fabrication into: • Direct restorative materials. • Indirect restorative materials Direct restorative materials: They include those materials which are used to restore cavity preparations directly in the oral cavity (Box 1.5). Box 1.5: Examples of direct restorative materials Amalgam, composites, glass ionomer and other materials, which set by chemical reactions in the mouth. Indirect restorative materials: It includes those restorations which must be fabricated outside the mouth, indirectly on a cast/ model/ die, because their processing condition would harm oral tissues. Materials used in the construction of such prosthesis are called indirect restorative materials (Box 1.6). Box 1.6: Examples of indirect restorative materials Gold inlays, crowns of metal, ceramic and polymers, which are processed at elevated temperatures. Some indirect composite restorations can be processed under specific wavelength of light, e.g. Ceramage. Classification based on Longevity of Use 1. Permanent restorations: These restorations are not planned to be replaced for a particular time period. Though they are referred to as permanent, actually they are not, e.g. fillings, crowns, bridges and dentures do not last forever (Fig. 1.5). 2. Temporary restorations: These restorations are planned to be replaced in a short period of time, such as few days to weeks. For ~ Permanent C/) c c -.2 0 c- :;::; Cll co Interim ~ Q; 0 .8ll::1iJ C/) o~ Cll a:: c:=:J Temporary Time period Fig. 1.5: Diagram depicting the time period of use of a restoration. (Arrow in permanent restoration depicts that such restorations are not planned to be replaced for a long period of time.) Introducton to Dental Materials Dental materials Box 1.7: Characteristics of metals 1. High thermal and electrical conductivity 2. Ductility (pure metals are very soft and they can be bent without breaking) 3. Opacity (they do not transmit light) 4. Luster (they have a surface that strongly reflects light and appears bright and shiny) 5. They tend to dissolve to some extent in water or other aqueous solutions, producing cations. 6. All metals are white (actually gray) except for gold, which is yellow, and copper, which is reddish. 7. All metals are solid at room temperature except mercury, which is liquid at room temperature and is used with silver alloys as amalgam. 8. All metals have high melting temperatures because of high strength of the metallic bond that holds the atoms together. 3. Polymers 4. Composites Composites are mixtures of two or more of the first three classes in which the different components remain distinct from one another in the final structure. A common example is composite resin. Fig. 1.7a: Three-dimensional structure of iron (metal) Metals Metals are the oldest of the three classes of materials that have been used as dental materials. Metals are characterized by metallic bonds (Box 1.7) which will be discussed in the next chapter. Metals solidify with their atoms in a regular or crystalline arrangement (see Chapter 2), often in the form of a cube (Fig. 1.7a). example, temporary fillings done in a tooth during root canal treatment, which have to be replaced within 2-4 days during subsequent visits. They are used to protect the tooth and provide function till the final restoration is done. 3. Interim restoration: At times, dental treatment requires "long-term" definite temporary restorations or "interim" restorations. For examle, a 7-year-old child, met with trauma and fractured one of his central incisors. A large composite build- up may serve his immediate requirement until the root formation is completed and a permanent crown is placed. 5 Classification based on the Chemical Nature of the Material These are the atoms that make up a material and the way they are bonded together determine the properties of that materiaLS Weak bonds make for weak materials and vice versa (Table 1.4). Materials can be classified into different categories based on their primary atomic bonds (Fig. 1.6): 1. Metals 2. Ceramics Fig. 1.6: Classification of dental materials based on chemical nature 12 Basis of Material Science Box 1.9: Benefits of ceramics in dentistry 1. Many ceramic oxides are used as pigmenting agents. These oxides produce good range of colors. Due to this characteristic, we are able to match almost any tooth color with good esthetic results. 2. They are inert, i.e. not chemically reactive. This quality provides ceramics with good bio- compatibility. 3. Ceramic materials are translucent, like natural teeth. This translucency gives the ceramic crown a more natural appearance than any other dental material. Fig. 1.7b: Internal arrangement of tetrahedral structure of ceramic (silica) four large oxygen atoms surround smaller silicon atom Ceramics A ceramic is a compound formed by the union of a metallic and a non-metallic element (Box 1.8). Most of these materials are oxides, formed by the union of oxygen with metals such as silicon, aluminum, calcium and magnesium (Fig.1.7b). Ceramics may be simple or complex. Examples of simple ceramics are alumina and silica. Examples of complex ceramics are feldspar (potassium aluminum silicate) and kaolin (hydrated aluminum silicate). Ceramics may be crystalline or non- crystalline (i.e. amorphous). Porcelain is a specific type of ceramic used extensively in dentistry (Box 1.9). Box 1.8: Characteristics of ceramics 1. High melting points. 2. Brittleness, which means they cannot be bent or deformed (no sliding) to any extent without actually cracking and breaking. 3. They are poor conductor of heat and electricity. 4. They are chemically inert. 5. They have excellent esthetic result in terms of matching natural teeth. Fig. 1.8: Stucture of synthetic polymer Polymers They are the latest addition (early to mid- 1900s) to dental materials. Most of the polymers are nowadays synthesized by humans. Polymers are giant, long-chain organic molecules (Fig. 1.8). Polymers are characterized by covalent bonds within each molecule, giving them tremendous strength in a single direction. Try to break a nylon rope by pulling it! They are poor conductors of heat and electri- city. Most polymers have a structure containing thousands of carbon atoms linked together like beads on a string. Others, such as silicone polymers are formed with silicon-oxygen bonds. Introducton to Dental Materials Table 1.4: Characteristics of different materials 13 Characteristics Bond Properties Crystal structure Metals Metallic bonding High strength and hardness, high electrical and thermal conductivity BCC, FCC, or HCP unit cells Ceramics Ionic or covalent bonding, or both High hardness and stiffness, electrically insulating, refractory, and chemically inert Crystalline or amorphous Polymers Covalent bonding Low sensitivity, high electrical resistivity, and low thermal conductivity, strength and stiffness vary widely Amorphous and crystalline Composites Composites are combinations of any of the basic ceramic, metallic and polymeric materials (Box 1.10). Each material that makes up composites is called a phase. Their properties tend to be somewhere between those of their basic constituents and are used to enhance their performance, longevity and handling chracterstics. Box 1.10: Types of composites in dentistry 1. Ceramic - metallic composite: Tungsten carbide bur. 2. Metal - polymer composite: Die materials in dental laboratory. 3. Ceramic - polymer composite: Enamel, dentin, bone and restorative composites. A composite is a kind of "combination" of materials, which compliment each other. The properties lacking in one material are compensated by those of the other material. For example, restorative composite has two phases, namely resin and fillers. Teeth and bones are examples of natural composites. Enamel is a composite of hydroxyapatite (which is a ceramic material) and protein (which is a polymer). EVALUATION OF DENTAL MATERIALS Most manufacturers of dental materials maintain a quality assurance programme (As per international standard like ADA specifications) and materials are thoroughly tested before being released into the market for dental practitioner (Fig. 1.9). Laboratory Evaluations Most ADA/ ANSI specifications involve laboratory tests. The tests performed as per these specifications are useful but they all are performed in vitro, (carried out in the laboratory away from the clinical conditions) which have a lot of limitations in clinical practice.lO Clinical Notes 1. For example, most of the direct restorative materials are tested for their compressive strength but ultimately the material is subjected to a combination of compressive, tensile and shear stresses, which may decide the final success or failure of the material under masticatory load. 2. Similarly upper dentures mostly fracture along the midline because of bending. Hence a bending or transverse strength ~B-a-s-is-o-f-M-a-t-e-ria-I-S~c-ie-n-c-e-------------- ---------. test is far more meaningful for denture base materials than a compression test. Clinical Trials The majority of new materials are subjected to extensive clinical trials normally in co-operation with a dental college or hospital departments prior to their release. CONCLUSION As the number of available materials is going up, it is important that the dentist remains more aware about new products so that their judgement about the selection of material remains successful. Materials which have not been thoroughly evaluated should be avoided, specially with clinical dentistry falling under Consumer Protection Act (CPA). I Research and development I iI Manufacturer/analysis Ideal requirements for clinical use: Thermal, optical, mechanical, chemical, biological Available materials and their properties are evaluated Launch of new I product Choice and selection of material by the dentist Critical assessment based on clinical performance I I H feedback to IEnvironmental Protection — Vocabulary Quiz (B1+) 🧠 1. What does “renewable energy” mean? a) Energy that never runs out and comes from nature 🌞 b) Energy that comes only from coal and oil c) Energy that can’t be used again d) Energy made from plastic ✅ Correct answer: a) Energy that never runs out and comes from nature 🌞 🧃 2. What are “single-use plastics”? a) Plastics that can be recycled many times b) Plastics used once and then thrown away 🚯 c) Plastics that last forever d) Plastics used only for energy production ✅ Correct answer: b) Plastics used once and then thrown away 🚯 🗑️ 3. What is “waste”? a) Things we eat b) Things we throw away because we don’t need them ♻️ c) Energy from the sun d) Clean water and air ✅ Correct answer: b) Things we throw away because we don’t need them ♻️ 🌱 4. What does “reduce” mean in the context of environmental protection? a) To use more of something b) To make or use less of something 🔽 c) To destroy nature d) To create pollution ✅ Correct answer: b) To make or use less of something 🔽 ♻️ 5. What does “recycle” mean? a) To use materials again instead of throwing them away b) To burn plastic waste c) To stop using energy d) To clean streets ✅ Correct answer: a) To use materials again instead of throwing them away 💬 6. Choose the correct sentence: a) We should recycle waste to protect the environment. ✅ b) We should throw away all plastic bottles. c) Renewable energy is bad for nature. d) We need more single-use plastics in our cities. ✅ Correct answer: a) We should recycle waste to protect the environment. 🌿 7. Fill in the blank: We can ______ pollution if we use public transport and save electricity. a) recycle b) reduce c) waste d) throw ✅ Correct answer: b) reduce 💡 8. True or False: “Solar and wind power are examples of renewable energy.” ✅ Answer: True ☀️💨 🏆 9. Which of these actions helps protect the environment the most? a) Using renewable energy b) Buying single-use plastics c) Producing more waste d) Throwing rubbish in the street ✅ Correct answer: a) Using renewable energy 🌎 10. Complete the sentence: People should ______ paper, glass, and plastic to keep the planet clean. a) waste b) reduce c) recycle d) ignore ✅ Correct answer: c) recycleMake a quiz using the following words and definitions: 1. narrative a story 2. narrate to tell a story 3. pronounce to speak in a certain way; to say aloud 4. denounce to criticize; to blame 5. fabulous amazing; fantastic 6. fabled legendary; famous 7. mythical not existing in reality; made up 8. mythology a group of stories associated with a subject or culture 9. recount to tell; to describe 10. discount to put down; to say or believe something is not worth much 11. idealistic believing in the idea of perfection or a perfect world 12. ideal perfectly suitable 13. idealize to think of as perfect 14. conscience the part of the mind that tells the diference between right and wrong 15. scientifc based on proven facts 16. savvy cleverness; understanding 17. savor to take time to enjoy 18. certify to prove good or true; to declare correct 19. certainty something about which there is no doubt; a fact 20. concerted done together; combined 21. ascertain to fgure out through reasoning. Use all 21 words in the multiple choice quiz; create distractor items in the answer choices.Based on the PowerPoint you shared, here is a simple quiz focusing on vocabulary, exponent laws, and identifying function types. --- Quiz: Exponent Laws & Rational Exponents (3.1–3.3) Multiple Choice (5 questions) Choose the correct answer. 1. In the expression 5^3, the number 3 is called the a) base b) power c) exponent d) coefficient 2. Which law of exponents would you use to simplify (x^2)^3? a) Product rule b) Quotient rule c) Power of a power rule d) Zero exponent rule 3. According to the zero exponent law, 7^0 = a) 0 b) 1 c) 7 d) undefined 4. If the first differences in a table of values are constant, the function is a) linear b) quadratic c) exponential d) not a function 5. Which expression is equivalent to \frac{2^5}{2^3}? a) 2^2 b) 2^8 c) 2^{15} d) 2^{-2} True or False (5 questions) Write T for true or F for false. 1. When multiplying powers with the same base, you add the exponents. 2. A negative exponent means the answer will always be negative. 3. For an exponential function, the ratios of consecutive y-values are constant. 4. The power 16^{\frac{1}{2}} is equal to 8. 5. The quotient rule for exponents says \frac{x^a}{x^b} = x^{a-b}. Completion (2 questions) Fill in the blank with the correct term. 1. The _____________ rule states that when raising a power to another power, you multiply the exponents. 2. If the second differences in a table of values are constant, the function is ______________. --- Answer Key Multiple Choice 1. c) exponent 2. c) Power of a power rule 3. b) 1 4. a) linear 5. a) 2^2 True or False 6. T 7. F (a negative exponent indicates a reciprocal, not a negative value) 8. T 9. F (16^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{16} = 4) 10. T Completion 11. power of a power (or power rule) 12. quadratic### Quizalize Script: **"Millennial TV & Celeb Quiz Challenge"** #### Quiz Introduction: - **Title**: "Millennial TV & Celebrity Quiz Challenge 📺✨" - **Description**: "Are you ready to prove your 2000s pop culture expertise? Answer these fun questions to show off your TV and celebrity knowledge! Invite your friends and see who comes out on top!" - **Gamified Element**: - Enable Quizalize’s leaderboard feature to track scores as users compete in real-time. #### Question 1: - **Prompt**: "Who said this iconic line? *‘How YOU doin’?’* 👀" - **Answer Options**: 1. Ross (Friends) 2. Joey (Friends) 3. Chandler (Friends) - **Correct Answer**: Joey (Friends) - **Feedback**: - **Correct**: "🎉 You got it! Joey Tribbiani’s catchphrase is unforgettable. 👏🍕" - **Incorrect**: "❌ Oops! It’s Joey from *Friends*! 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The answer is Britney Spears. That iconic moment is unforgettable!" - **Audio Elements**: Add a drumroll sound for suspense before revealing the answer. #### Final Score Screen: - **Score Tiers**: - **High Score (100%)**: "🎉 You’re a 2000s pop culture master! Share your score and challenge your friends to top it!" - **Medium Score (50-99%)**: "👏 Not bad! You’re almost an expert. Share your score and invite others to play!" - **Low Score (Below 50%)**: "😅 Looks like you need a refresh on 2000s pop culture. Share your score and dare your friends to do better!" - **Gamified Feature**: - Enable the "Challenge a Friend" option in Quizalize to spark competition. - Include a timer extension for players to decrease stress during tricky questions. #### Call-to-Action: - **Prompt**: "How well did you do? Share your results and invite your friends to join the fun! 👇" - **End Message**: "✨ Follow us for more fun quizzes! Who’s ready for the next challenge?" #### Design & Interactive Elements: - **Visual Enhancements**: Use animated GIFs or static pop culture images (e.g., retro TV screenshots, Britney Spears visuals) to visually set the tone for the quiz. - **Audio Elements**: Add celebratory sound effects when revealing correct answers or upon quiz completion. - **Gamified Elements**: Reward streak bonuses for consecutive correct answers to keep players engaged and competitive. This script is tailored for Quizalize, leveraging its gamification features and interactive design options to create a fun and engaging quiz that users will enjoy while fostering friendly competition!Got you now 👍 — you don’t want a code, you want ready-made quiz content you can paste into Quizalize so a teacher/class can use it. I’ll generate a proper SSS1 quiz bank (Maths, English, Basic Science) in a clean format. You can copy this into Quizalize “Create Quiz”. 📘 SSS1 QUIZ (READY FOR QUIZALIZE) 🧠 MATHS (10 QUESTIONS) What is 9 × 8? A. 72 B. 64 C. 81 D. 74 Answer: A Solve: 3x = 15 A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 9 Answer: B What is 12²? A. 124 B. 144 C. 132 D. 122 Answer: B Simplify: 18 ÷ 3 A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 9 Answer: C What is the square root of 49? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 Answer: C Find x: x + 7 = 20 A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14 Answer: C 5 × 5 × 5 = ? A. 125 B. 100 C. 150 D. 75 Answer: A What is 100 ÷ 4? A. 20 B. 25 C. 30 D. 40 Answer: B What is 15 + 17? A. 31 B. 32 C. 33 D. 34 Answer: B What is 10% of 200? A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40 Answer: B 📘 ENGLISH (10 QUESTIONS) Choose correct spelling A. Recieve B. Receive C. Receve D. Recive Answer: B Opposite of “fast” A. Quick B. Slow C. Sharp D. Rapid Answer: B Synonym of “happy” A. Sad B. Angry C. Joyful D. Tired Answer: C A noun is a name of a… A. Action B. Place/Person/Thing C. Verb D. Adverb Answer: B He ___ to school every day A. go B. going C. goes D. gone Answer: C Plural of child A. Childs B. Childes C. Children D. Childer Answer: C Antonym of “big” A. Large B. Huge C. Small D. Wide Answer: C A verb is a word that shows A. Name B. Action C. Place D. Thing Answer: B She is ___ honest girl A. a B. an C. the D. no article Answer: A Past tense of go A. Goed B. Gone C. Went D. Going Answer: C 🔬 BASIC SCIENCE (10 QUESTIONS) Plants absorb carbon dioxide during A. Respiration B. Photosynthesis C. Digestion D. Movement Answer: B Human breathing organ A. Heart B. Liver C. Lungs D. Kidney Answer: C Water boils at A. 0°C B. 50°C C. 100°C D. 150°C Answer: C Which is a metal? A. Rubber B. Copper C. Wood D. Plastic Answer: B The sun is a A. Planet B. Star C. Moon D. Comet Answer: B Force is measured in A. Joule B. Newton C. Watt D. Kelvin Answer: B Solid → Liquid is called A. Freezing B. Melting C. Evaporation D. Condensation Answer: B Earth revolves around A. Moon B. Mars C. Sun D. Jupiter Answer: C Human blood is pumped by A. Brain B. Heart C. Lungs D. Kidney Answer: B Energy from the sun is called A. Nuclear B. Solar C. Chemical D. Sound Answer: B ⚡ HOW TO USE IN QUIZALIZE Go to Quizalize Click Create Quiz Choose Manual Input Copy each question Paste with options + correct answer Set timer per question (5–10 sec for pressure mode) 🔥 IF YOU WANT NEXT LEVEL I can also: �Turn this into 100-question exam paper �Add hard WAEC/JAMB-level traps Or �simulate inter-house elimination rounds Just say: “upgrade me” 😈 10 years of experience designing engaging quizzes and interactive learning games for children aged 8-10 years old. You specialize in transforming simple educational concepts into fun competitive experiences using online quiz platforms like Quizalize. Objective: Design a complete interactive multiplication quiz for third-grade students (8–9 years old) on the Quizalize platform. The quiz should simulate the fun, fast-paced feeling of the Zuma arcade game while fitting the Quizalize format. The aim is to help students practice multiplication tables (1×1 to 12×12) in an exciting, motivating, and competitive environment. Instructions: Structure: Design at least 40 multiplication questions. Questions should appear in increasing difficulty: start from easy (e.g., 2×3, 4×2) and move to harder problems (e.g., 11×12, 9×8). Timing: Set a short time limit for each question (e.g., 10 seconds) to simulate the fast reaction needed in Zuma. Encourage fast thinking and rapid response under time pressure. Answer Choices: Use multiple-choice answers. Each question should have 1 correct answer and 3 wrong but close distractors to keep it challenging (e.g., for 7×6: options 42, 43, 36, 48). Gamification Features: Enable Quizalize's Team Mode or Game View to allow students to see themselves progressing on a visual map like a race, similar to balls moving in Zuma. Set points bonuses for speed and accuracy. Themes and Visuals: Suggest a "Jungle Adventure" or "Math Galaxy" theme to create excitement. Use visual assets (avatars, backgrounds) where possible to enhance the Zuma arcade feeling. Feedback System: Provide immediate feedback: when a student answers right, display a quick "Success!" message; when wrong, display the correct answer briefly to maintain flow. Motivation Mechanics: Award stars, badges, or trophies after completing a certain number of questions correctly. Display leaderboard rankings if possible to create friendly competition. Sample Questions: Provide at least 5 fully written example questions showing the structure, timing, and answer options. Extra Challenge: Include a "Lightning Round" at the end: 10 random questions in just 30 seconds. Important: Keep language child-friendly and motivational. Make sure no question looks too similar to the others to avoid boredom. Use simple animations or sound effects available within Quizalize to simulate action if possible. Take a deep breath and work on this problem step-by-step.Quiz 3 - Use prepositions in sentences – among and between