Quiz on Business Research Methodology

What type of research design is best suited for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between variables?

a) Descriptive research

b) Exploratory research

c) Causal research

d) Correlational research

In which sampling technique does every member of the population have an equal chance of being selected?

a) Stratified sampling

b) Convenience sampling

c) Systematic sampling

d) Simple random sampling

Which data collection method is most suitable for gathering in-depth insights from a small group of participants?

a) Surveys

b) Observations

c) Experiments

d) Interviews

What statistical method is used to identify trends and patterns in time series data?

a) Chi-square test

b) ANOVA

c) Regression analysis

d) Time series analysis

Which ethical principle emphasizes the need to protect the privacy and confidentiality of research participants?

a) Respect for autonomy

b) Beneficence

c) Justice

d) Confidentiality

Which type of hypothesis is considered a statement of no effect or no relationship between variables?

a) Null hypothesis (H0)

b) Alternative hypothesis (Ha)

c) Directional hypothesis

d) Research hypothesis

What is the primary goal of exploratory research?

a) To test hypotheses

b) To establish cause-and-effect relationships

c) To identify patterns in historical data

d) To gain a better understanding of a problem or opportunity

Which sampling technique divides the population into mutually exclusive subgroups?

a) Convenience sampling

b) Snowball sampling

c) Stratified sampling

d) Systematic sampling

What type of data collection method involves the direct manipulation of one or more independent variables to observe the effects on the dependent variable?

a) Observations

b) Experiments

c) Surveys

d) Case studies

What is the term for the discrepancy between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter?

a) Non-sampling error

b) Standard error

c) Sampling error

d) Margin of error