Exchange of goods from the NEW World (Potatoes, corn, beans, squash, tobacco) for goods from the OLD World (chickens, pigs horses, disease, technology)

oldest continually inhabited European settlement in the modern USA (1565-present)

Signed in 1776, this is a statement that explains that America is independent from England.

Includes rules, amendments (freedom of speech, who can vote, etc.). "Living document" (is changed and amended periodically.)

A map showing units such as man-made borders countries, states, provinces, districts, etc. Each is normally a different color

A map that shows natural land features (mountains, hills, plains, rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.)

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.

Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees

a line of latitude about 23 degrees North of the equator

a line of latitude about 23 degrees South of the equator

The meridian, designated at 0° longitude, which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.

1100-1300 increased trade between Europe and Middle East. Increased demand for goods. Exposed Europe to Technology

An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets

Chinese invention that aided navigation by showing which direction was north

The king and queen of Spain who gave Columbus the funds that he needed to find a route to Asia.

First Native Americans Columbus saw on Bahama Islands.

people who settle in new land but are ruled by the government of their native land

the part of government that makes laws

economic system in which people put money (capital) in a business in order to make a profit in the future. "________ encouraged exploration. Investors formed companies to equip sea voyages or to start colonies."

large estate farmed by many workers

System of government in which ordinary citizen have the power to govern

Economic policy that held that a nation prospered by exporting more goods to foreign nations that it imported from them.

political system in which voters elect others to make laws (govern)

how people of a region make their living

Started the Anglican Church because he wasn't granted a divorce. Was excommunicated by the Pope.

95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion.

First permanent English Colony in North America 1607

A colony established by the English Pilgrims, or Seperatists, in 1620. The Seperatists were Puritans who abandoned hope that the Anglican Church could be reformed.

1619 - The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. Later other colonies would adopt houses of Burgesses.

The first attempted colony in the Americas (1587). it ultimately failed and its settlers disappeared.

A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa

Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

the basic material from which a product is made. These were traded from the colonies to England where they were turned into finished goods and sent back to the colonies.

A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting

the lawmaking branch of the British government. Made up of house of Lords (non-elected) and House of Commons (elected)

1689 laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament including trial by jury and Habeas Corpus

Protection against unlawful imprisonment. Says the government can't just lock people up without reason.

The right of a person to be tried by a jury, or a group of citizens, to decide if the person is guilty or innocent of committing a crime. (First included in the English Bill of Rights)

the lower house of Congress, consisting of a different number of representatives from each state, depending on population (435 total representatives)

The upper house of the U.S. Congress. Two per state = 100 elected Senators

all future generations of people

Belief that a rulers authority comes from God. Absolute monarchs believed they ruled by ________ ________.

rights that belong to every human being from birth. John Locke proposed that people have _________ _________.

agreement between countries to aid and support one another. In 1778, France entered into a formal _______ with the United States.

Colonial Militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute's notice. American formed group of young soldiers ready to assemble quickly called _________.

Formal complaint. The Declaration of Independence details a long list of specific ___________ against King George.

Principle by which the powers of government are divided among separate branches. _____ _ ______ protected the rights of the people because it kept any individual group from gaining too much power.

The rights of newspapers and other public media to publish articles believed to be accurate. Today ______ _ _ ________ is recognized as one of the most fundamental American liberties.

Person who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution. _______ believed that the safety and economic well-being of the colonies depended on their connection with Britain.