Question 1

What does a radioactive substance contain?

Accepted Answer

Unstable nuclei

Answer

Unstable protons

Question 2

How do unstable atoms become stable?

Accepted Answer

By emitting radiation

Answer

By absorbing radiation

Question 3

What is radioactive decay like?

Accepted Answer

Entirely random

Answer

Predictable

Question 4

Which type of radiation is stopped by few m of lead?

Accepted Answer

Gamma radiation

Answer

Alpha radiation

Answer

Beta radiation

Question 5

Which type of radiation is stopped by paper?

Accepted Answer

Alpha radiation

Answer

Gamma radiation

Answer

Beta radiation

Question 6

Which type of radiation is stopped by few cm of aluminium?

Accepted Answer

Beta radiation

Answer

Alpha radiation

Answer

Gamma radiation

Question 7

What orbits the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons

Answer

Protons

Question 8

What is inside the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Neutrons and protons

Answer

Protons and electrons

Question 9

What was the plum pudding model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

The atom is positive with negative electrons embedded in it

Answer

The nucleus is very dense and that the atom is mainly empty space. Neutrons and protons are in the nucleus

Question 10

What is an alpha particle?

Accepted Answer

two protons and two neutrons

Answer

two protons and two electrons

Question 11

How did the plum pudding model get proven wrong?

Accepted Answer

Most the alpha particles went straight through atom (indicating the atom was mainly empty space), some were deflected slightly (the protons deflected the alpha particles as both are positive) and some were deflected a lot (due to the positive dense core in the middle)

Answer

Most the alpha particles bounced  straight off the atom (indicating the atom was mainly empty space), some were deflected slightly (the protons deflected the alpha particles as both are positive) and some were deflected a lot (due to the positive dense core in the middle)

Question 12

Who discovered the neutron?

Accepted Answer

Chadwick

Answer

JJ Thomson

Answer

Bohr

Question 13

Who proposed the plum pudding model?

Accepted Answer

JJ Thomson

Answer

Bohr

Answer

Rutherford

Question 14

Who proposed the nuclear model?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford

Answer

JJ Thomson

Answer

Bohr

Question 15

Who proposed that electrons orbited the nucleus in specific shells?

Accepted Answer

Bohr

Answer

Chadwick

Question 16

What is gamma radiation?

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic wave given off by the atom

Answer

A fast moving electron given off when a nucleus with too many neutrons decomposes by converting neutrons changing into protons and emitting fast moving electrons

Answer

Helium nucleus

Question 17

What is beta radiation?

Accepted Answer

A fast moving electron given off when a nucleus with too many neutrons decomposes by converting neutrons changing into protons and emitting fast moving electrons

Answer

Helium nucleus

Answer

Electromagnetic wave given off by the atom

Question 18

What is alpha radiation?

Accepted Answer

Helium nucleus

Answer

Electromagnetic wave given off by the atom

Answer

A fast moving electron given off when a nucleus with too many neutrons decomposes by converting neutrons changing into protons and emitting fast moving electrons

Question 19

What happens to the atomic mass number and atomic number of an atom giving off gamma radiation?

Accepted Answer

The mass and atomic number does not change.

Answer

The mass number goes down by the 4 and the atomic number goes down by 2.

Answer

The atomic number increases by 1 and the mass number stays the same

Question 20

What happens to the atomic mass number and atomic number of an atom giving off alpha radiation?

Accepted Answer

The mass number goes down by the 4 and the atomic number goes down by 2.

Answer

The mass and atomic number does not change.

Answer

The atomic number increases by 1 and the mass number stays the same

Question 21

What happens to the atomic mass number and atomic number of an atom giving off beta radiation?

Accepted Answer

The atomic number increases by 1 and the mass number stays the same

Answer

The mass number goes down by the 4 and the atomic number goes down by 2.

Answer

The mass and atomic number does not change.

Question 22

Which of the radioactivity is the most ionising?

Accepted Answer

Alpha

Answer

Beta

Answer

Gamma

Question 23

Which of the radioactivity is the most penetrating?

Accepted Answer

Gamma

Answer

Beta

Answer

Alpha

Question 24

What does ionising radiation mean?

Accepted Answer

It gives an electron enough energy to leave the atom forming an ion. This can cause cancer in living organisms when it happens in atoms making up the DNA

Answer

High energy radiation

Question 25

What does contaminate mean?

Accepted Answer

Substance is exposed to radiation, substance becomes radioactive as some atoms of the radioactive source is transferred.

Answer

Substance is exposed to radiation, but the substance does not become radioactive

Question 26

What does irradiate mean?

Accepted Answer

Substance is exposed to radiation, but the substance does not become radioactive

Answer

Substance is exposed to radiation, substance becomes radioactive as some atoms of the radioactive source is transferred.

Question 27

Why do we irradiate food?

Accepted Answer

To kill bacteria so that it doesn't give people food poisoning and have a longer shelf life.

Answer

To kill bacteria

Question 28

How to increase safety when dealing with radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

keep as far away as possible from source, being exposed as little time as possible, shielding self behind thick concrete barriers/ lead plates

Answer

don't expose self to radioactive

Question 29

Use of gamma

Accepted Answer

irradiating food and sterilising medical equipment

Answer

smoke alarms

Answer

thickness monitoring of paper

Question 30

Use of alpha

Accepted Answer

smoke alarms

Answer

thickness monitoring of paper

Answer

irradiating food and sterilising medical equipment

Question 31

Use of beta

Accepted Answer

thickness monitoring of paper

Answer

smoke alarms

Answer

irradiating food and sterilising medical equipment

Question 32

What is half life?

Accepted Answer

The time it takes for the activity / radiation of a radioactive substance to half / number of nuclei to halve

Answer

The time it takes for the activity / radiation of a radioactive substance to double

Question 33

What is used to detect radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

Geiger counter

Answer

Geiger pin

Question 34

What is an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer

Atoms with same number of electrons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 35

The count rate of Geiger counter caused by a radioactive source decreases as

Accepted Answer

the activity of the source decreases

Answer

the activity of the source increases

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