Question 1

Which BEST describes the Earth’s lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

It is the outer layer of the earth; thus, it is the coolest layer.

Answer

It is the solid outer layer of the earth.

Answer

It is the solid layer consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Answer

It is a rigid layer of earth made of solid material like rocks, but it is not moving.

Question 2

Why does subduction form when oceanic and continental crust collide?

Accepted Answer

Oceanic crust is made of basalt making it denser compared to the continental crust which is made of granite.

Answer

They have different densities.

Answer

They have similar mass and chemical components.

Answer

The Continental crust is thicker and made mostly of felsic materials while the oceanic crust is thinner and made mostly of mafic materials.

Question 3

What can you depict about the earth’s lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

The tectonic plates are moving because of the asthenosphere beneath the lithosphere.

Answer

The lithosphere is divided into huge slabs called tectonic plates.

Answer

All the tectonic plates, major and minor, in the lithosphere are moving towards each other.

Answer

The tectonic plate may collide, tear apart, or slide past each other along the plate boundaries.

Question 4

Which are the major and minor lithospheric plates?

Accepted Answer

An Australian Plate has an area of more than 5,500,000 km2therefore it is a major lithospheric plate.

Answer

Nazca Plates and Cocos plates are depicted as major lithospheric plates.

Answer

Pacific and Eurasian plates are examples of major lithospheric plates.

Answer

The bigger slabs like the Eurasian and Australian plates are major lithospheric plates.

Question 5

How do scientists determine the epicenter of an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

They used the time interval of P and S waves in three different seismic stations to determine the epicenter.

Answer

The scientists used the different speeds of the P wave and S wave.

Answer

They determine the arrival of seismic waves in a specific location.

Answer

They measure the time interval between primary waves, the fastest wave, and secondary waves.

Question 6

Why is the P wave faster to reach the seismic station than the S wave?

Accepted Answer

The P wave is 60% faster than the S wave because it applies force inthe direction of propagation.

Answer

It can be transmitted only in solid rocks.

Answer

The nature of its propagation and travel is longitudinal.

Answer

The primary wave can pass through the different layers of the earth, and it has compression and rarefaction wave.

Question 7

What can we observe from the diagram below?

Accepted Answer

The region where the radii of neighboring areas are met to determine the epicenter of an earthquake.

Answer

It shows the propagation of seismic waves that are used in determining the epicenter of an earthquake.

Answer

The scientists identified the epicenter of the earthquake experienced by the three neighboring areas.

Answer

The distance of the earthquake from seismic stations and the speed of the seismic waves are used in the triangulation method.

Question 8

Study the map below. How can we describe the distribution of volcanoes in the Philippines?

Accepted Answer

The volcanoes are formed in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao because of active tectonic boundaries.

Answer

The formation of volcanoes is distributed in all parts of the Philippines.

Answer

There are more volcanoes formed in Mindanao than in Luzon, and the Visayas, and most are inactive.

Answer

Mindanao has the greatest number of active volcanoes that have erupted in the past six hundred years.

Question 9

Which is BEST to prove that tectonic plates are formed from a single huge continent?

Accepted Answer

The less-dense material rises as tectonic plates move away from each other.

Answer

The divergence and rising of less dense material occur due to the convection current in the asthenosphere.

Answer

Seafloor spreading refers to the rising of hot material and cools off when it reaches the ocean floor.

Answer

It is a geologic process resulting from man-made activities that serve as evidence in the division of lithospheric plates.

Question 10

Which describes the seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

The divergence and rising of less dense material occur due to the convection current in the asthenosphere.

Answer

The less-dense material rises as tectonic plates move away from each other.

Answer

Seafloor spreading refers to the rising of hot material and cools off when it reaches the ocean floor.

Answer

It is a geologic process resulting from man-made activities that serve as evidence in the division of lithospheric plates.

Question 11

What is most likely to happen if oceanic crust and continental crusts converge?

Accepted Answer

A volcano formed on the surface of the continental crust due to the melting of subducted part of the oceanic crust.

Answer

Nothing will happen to both oceanic and continental crusts because the layers will melt in the asthenosphere.

Answer

Both continental and oceanic crusts will move towards each other. This is called convergent boundary.

Answer

The denser oceanic crust is subducted beneath the less dense continental crust.

Question 12

Where do earthquakes mostly occur?

Accepted Answer

The sudden slip between the plate boundaries causes an earthquake that shakes the surface of the ground.

Answer

It occurs around the plate boundaries of tectonic plates.

Answer

Deep earthquakes occur near the surface, about 0 to 70 km deep in the crust.

Answer

Deep earthquakes occur 300-700 km from the surface of the crust as the plate boundaries move towards each other.

Question 13

Plate boundaries are edges between lithospheric plates. One of its types is shown in the figure. How will you describe the boundary between the involved crustal plate?

Accepted Answer

Along the boundary, subduction occurs due to the differences of plate’s density.

Answer

There is convergence of plates along the boundary.

Answer

The boundary between the plates is known as subduction.

Answer

The plates along the boundary experiences compressive force. Plates collide to each other

Question 14

Earth is comprised of 7 major and 7 minor lithospheric plates as shown in the illustration. What type of plate boundary exists between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate?

Accepted Answer

The denser Philippine Plate is subducted under the lighter Eurasian Plate. A convergent boundary exists.

Answer

Between the Eurasian and Philippine Sea Plate, a convergent boundary exists.

Answer

Subduction plate boundaries exist between the Eurasian and Philippine Sea Plates

Answer

A convergent boundary exists between the Eurasian and Philippine Sea Plates. The two plates collide with each other.

Question 15

Study the map below. What type of boundary exist between African Plate and South American Plate?

Accepted Answer

The Mid-Atlantic Ocean indicates it is a divergent boundary.

Answer

The boundary between them is a form of divergent boundary.

Answer

It is divergent because the arrows are in opposite direction

Answer

The South American Plate is drifting away from African Plate.

Question 16

San Andreas Fault is one of the great examples of a transform boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. What kind of stress acts on this boundary?

Accepted Answer

The plates slide past each other due to shearing. The formation of long narrow faults occurs.

Answer

Shearing stress acts on the boundary.

Answer

The two crustal plates experienced confining stress.

Answer

The two crusts were stressed by shearing force. They move past each other.

Question 17

One of the types of plate boundaries is shown below. Describe the movement of the two plates being involved.

Accepted Answer

The two oceanic plates experience tensile stress Mid-Ocean ridges will form.

Answer

The two oceanic crusts slide fast toward each other.

Answer

The two oceanic crusts move apart from each other.

Answer

The two oceanic plates diverge. The magma in the asthenosphere rises and is gradually cooled at the surface of the plates.

Question 18

How do plates move in oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary?

Accepted Answer

The two plates are colliding making subduction to occur.

Answer

The two oceanic plates are drifting away from each other.

Answer

The two oceanic plates are moving towards each other.

Answer

The oceanic plates are colliding, and the less dense plate override the other.

Question 19

Why convergent of two continental plate boundaries resists subduction?

Accepted Answer

They have similar densities thus no one will move over the other.

Answer

The converging continental plate boundaries has similar densities.

Answer

The plates have similarities in physical properties like densities and components.

Answer

Each plate exerts resisting force towards the other thus, the plates past each other

Question 20

An image of simulating the convergence between two oceanic plates in a period of 20 million years were shown below. What do you think might happen along the process of convergence?

Accepted Answer

Volcano was formed as molten material rises along the subduction zone.

Answer

The oceanic plate subducts above a continental plate.

Answer

Earthquakes along the continental and oceanic plate boundary occurs.

Answer

The oceanic plate subducts along the subduction zone. It is dense crustal plate

Question 21

Which of the following land features most likely be found along with the convergence of oceanic plates?

Accepted Answer

The Philippine Islands were formed because of subduction after the collision of the Eurasian Plate, the Philippine Sea Plate, and the Indo-Australian Plate.

Answer

Alaska’s Aleutian Island was formed between the Pacific Plate and the Bering Sea.

Answer

The Mariana Trench can be found between the Pacific Plate and the Eurasian Plate.

Answer

The Indonesian archipelago was formed between Sunda oceanic plate and the Indo-Australian plate. An archipelago contains a chain of islands scattered in bodies of water like oceans.

Question 22

What processes happen when two continental plates collide as shown below?

Accepted Answer

Shallow earthquake occurs due to the stresses associated with the collision of two plates.

Answer

Rift valleys are formed.

Answer

Continental plates fold and uplift upward.

Answer

Orogeny occurs. Orogeny is the creation of mountains

Question 23

Different geological features might be developed along the boundaries of two continental plates. Which of the following is an example of these?

Accepted Answer

The Indian plate is crashing into the Eurasian plate and is being forced upwards. Thus, the Himalayas mountains were formed

Answer

Himalayas mountain belt of 300 years ago known as the Appalachian Mountains.

Answer

Alps Mountain is along the boundary between African Plate with the Eurasian Plate

Answer

The Ural Mountains in western Russia. Mountain ranges are a series of mountains or hills connected by high ground.

Question 24

Using the illustrations below from a simulation, how will you explain the step-by-step process that occurs during the convergence of oceanic and continental plates in 20 years?

Accepted Answer

3, 1, and 4, earthquakes occur.

Answer

1, 4, and 2 due to the continuous subduction process.

Answer

Earthquake occurs and mountain ranges were formed.

Answer

3 and 1, earthquake occurs, and plates move towards each other.

Question 25

Mountains, volcanic arcs, and trench are geological features that most likely develop along with the convergence of crustal plates. Which of the following could develop along with oceanic and continental plates?

Accepted Answer

The Mayon Volcano is in southeastern Luzon related to the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Philippine mobile belt

Answer

Visayas Volcanic Arc is 1200 km from the Coastal Range in Taiwan south to southern Mindoro in the Philippines.

Answer

The Manila trench can be found along with the convergence between Sunda Plate and the Philippine Mobile Plate.

Answer

The Philippine Trench is a submarine trench to the east of the Philippines. Trenches are long, narrow depressions on the seafloor that forms at the boundary of tectonic plates.

Question 26

Divergent boundaries could also exist between crustal plates. If there are two crustal plates involved along with this boundary, what processes will take place in 20 years based on the illustrations below?

Accepted Answer

1, 3, 4, and 2 as magma rises from deep within the Earth and forms a new crust on the lithosphere.

Answer

All types of plates.

Answer

1, 3, and 2 where an underwater volcano develops.

Answer

1 and 2 only where earthquakes occur. A submarine mountain range was formed too.

Question 27

Geological features are results of internal processes of the Earth such as plate tectonics. Which is an example of landforms associated with the divergence of two continental plates?

Accepted Answer

The East Africa Rift is above sea level and still in the process of development forming lakes in several areas.

Answer

Continental rift zones occur in weak spots in the oceanic lithospheric plate

Answer

African Rift Valley can be found along the boundary of the Somalian Plate and the Nubian Plate in Africa.

Answer

The active narrow rift of the East Africa Rift started to develop during the Miocene period. Narrow rifts are highly dense along an active divergent boundary.

Question 28

Oceanic-oceanic divergence is another kind of divergence between tectonic plates where various geological processes happen to result in the formation of spreading ridges. What do you think is the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

The process of divergence occurs beneath the oceanic lithosphere that allows the convection current to lift the lithosphere.

Answer

The old seafloor is created by upwelling magma.

Answer

New magma flows into the deep fissure.

Answer

The tensile stress was experienced by slabs along the divergent boundary. Tension is the force that stretches away from the plates from the boundary.

Question 29

In the divergence of oceanic plates, the upwelling and tension among slabs are evident. Which landforms could result from this?

Accepted Answer

Hydrothermal vents can be found along with the East Pacific Rise caused the formation of volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits.

Answer

Submarine mountain range such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Answer

East- Pacific Rise is a convergent zone located along the floor of the Pacific Ocean.

Answer

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge bisects the North and South Atlantic basins. The elevated portion of it includes Iceland.

Question 30

Transform boundary is one of the plate boundaries that arise among slabs of the Earth. What are the processes accompanied by it?

Accepted Answer

Shearing stress was experienced along the transform boundary causing faults due to the slab’s movement

Answer

A large, deep-focus earthquake occurs in a transform boundary.

Answer

Tectonic plates slide past each other. Slabs of the lithosphere are known as tectonic plates.

Answer

Substantial lateral rock displacement and crustal deformation are evident in a transform boundary.

Question 31

Strike-slip fault occurs along a transform boundary. Which of the following geological feature is an example of it?

Accepted Answer

The complex tectonic setting of the Eurasian Plate subducts eastward beneath Luzon Island along the Manila The trench and the Philippine Sea Plate subduct westward along the East Luzon Trench resulting in the formation of the Philippine Fault.

Answer

North Anatolian fault system is in Turkey.

Answer

Marikina West Valley Fault is located along the Pacific and North American Plates.

Answer

San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault. A fault is a gently curved fracture in the rocks of Earth's crust.

Question 32

What is Pangaea?

Accepted Answer

It is a huge supercontinent where continents originated from.

Answer

It is a supercontinent with small continents around it.

Answer

The Pangaea is a single continent existed millions of years ago.

Answer

The Pangaea is a supercontinent surrounded by a vast ocean called Panthalasa.

Question 33

How did Alfred Wegener explain the formation of the seven continents?

Accepted Answer

The current location of continents is due to their gradual drifting.

Answer

The continents stayed in their current position due to tension.

Answer

The present continents are originated from a supercontinent called Pangaea.

Answer

Continents are originated from Pangaea, and they gradually move on the surface of the earth.

Question 34

What is seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

The molten material from asthenosphere forms a layer of rocks on the surface.

Answer

The magma in the asthenosphere flows out and form a new layer of rocks on the seafloor.

Answer

The molten material flows out during divergent, and it cooled and solidified on the surface.

Answer

The lava from volcanic eruption solidified on the surface forming a new layer of crust.

Question 35

Which evidence proves continental drift theory?

Accepted Answer

The magma from the mantle flows out due to diverging of plates.

Answer

The formation of mid-ocean ridges on the seafloor.

Answer

The seafloor spreading states that magma from the mantle flows out and cooled.

Answer

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is formed due to convergent movement, proving the drifting of plates.

Question 36

Which BEST explains Plate Tectonic Theory?

Accepted Answer

The plates are moving because they are floating on asthenosphere.

Answer

This theory refers to the gradual movement of plates.

Answer

It states that the plates are segments of oceanic crust and held together by friction.

Answer

It states that the plates are floating and gradually sliding on the surface of the earth.

Question 37

How tectonic plate theory served as unifying theory in explaining the formation of different geologic features on earth?

Accepted Answer

It states that the formation of geologic features is due to movement of plates.

Answer

It explains the formation of different geologic features.

Answer

It provides evidence that plates are moving and floating on asthenosphere.

Answer

It explains the distribution and similarities of similar geologic in different continents.

Question 38

What makes the tectonic plates move?

Accepted Answer

The cyclical movement of convection current provides energy to move the plates floating on asthenosphere.

Answer

Convection current occurs in the asthenosphere.

Answer

There is a cyclical movement of hot and cold materials in the asthenosphere.

Answer

The hot material makes the plates to move while the cold material keeps the plates in place.

Question 39

What are the presented pieces of evidence that supports the plate movement?

Accepted Answer

There are glacial striations found in the different continents which suggests that continents are once huge landmasses then drifted apart.

Answer

Remnants of the reptile Mesosaurus are found on different continents.

Answer

There are different fossils of plants and animals found on every continent.

Answer

Fossils of plant Glossopteris and distinct types of rocks are found on different continents separated by vast oceans.

Question 40

How did Alfred Wegener prove continental drift theory?

Accepted Answer

The outward striations of the glacial deposits are caused by the drifting of the continents.

Answer

He studied the distribution of organisms on different continents.

Answer

He pointed out that the different species of organisms are caused by the drifting of continents.

Answer

The fossils of similar plants and animals are distributed on different continents surrounded by oceans.

Question 41

Which is considered the major setback of continental drift theory?

Accepted Answer

The proofs presented are mostly based on assumptions thus, not reliable enough to prove the theory.

Answer

The theory describes the division of plates and their movement.

Answer

There is no specific evidence to support how the plates are drifting apart.

Answer

The moving plates are powered by the convection current that occurred in the asthenosphere.

Question 42

What can be observed about continental theory using the illustration below?

Accepted Answer

Similar fossils are found on different continents which indicate that they are once joined.

Answer

Fossils of plants and animals are found in the different parts of the continents around the globe.

Answer

There are fossils of similar species that are found in Antarctica and India with different climates.

Answer

The fossils of the different species of plants are found on different continents which are separated by a vast ocean

Question 43

What is seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

The cooling of materials along the mid-ocean ridge forms a new ocean crust.

Answer

The seafloor spreads away from each other.

Answer

The spreading of seafloor occurs in continental and oceanic crust.

Answer

The hot material flows out and cools off as the seafloor spreads away.

Question 44

Which evidence strengthens the theory of seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

The age of the oceanic crust is younger compared to the continental crust which implies that it is newly formed.

Answer

The orderly pattern of stripes of materials on the ocean floor.

Answer

The similarities of the obtained temperature of materials on the ocean floor.

Answer

The age of material taken near the mid-ocean ridge and the different patterns of magnetic stripes on the ocean floor.

Question 45

How are magnetic stripes used as evidence of seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

The magnetic minerals in the cooling magma will point to the active polarity (either in the south or north) thus forming the stripes on the ocean floor.

Answer

The minerals contained magnetic polarity formed patterns on the surface.

Answer

The timescale of normal and reversed polarity of the magnetic field is associated with the minerals of the rocks on the ocean floor.

Answer

The magnetic stripes indicate the abundant minerals in the hardened lava, the time when it is formed and its specific magnetism that points to either south or north polarity.

Question 46

Which describes the polarity of rocks that solidified from the mid-ocean ridge?

Accepted Answer

The polarity of solidified rocks points to the earth’s magnetic field forming stripes at a specific time.

Answer

The abundant minerals in the solidified rock act like a compass pointing to the magnetic field of the earth.

Answer

The minerals have specific magnetism and align with the magnetic field of the Earth and their alignment is locked as they solidified.

Answer

The polarity of minerals in the rocks is reversed as compared to the magnetic polarity of the earth. This forms stripes on the ocean floor.

Question 47

What is plate tectonic theory?

Accepted Answer

The lithosphere is divided into plates that are constantly moving due to the convection current form asthenosphere

Answer

It is a unifying idea that describes the processes that occur in the plate boundaries.

Answer

The tectonic plates have active boundaries that results to the shaking of the ground only.

Answer

The earth’s outer crust is made of solid rocks and is divided into plates that move apart.

Question 48

What can we say from the illustration of convergent boundary below?

Accepted Answer

The two plates collided to each other that results to subduction.

Answer

The two plates converge, and subduction occurs.

Answer

The movement of two plates is convergent.

Answer

The denser plate overrides the other.

Question 49

Based on the theory of tectonic plate, how do mountain ranges are formed?

Accepted Answer

Two continental plates converge due to compression.

Answer

The compressional stress occurred in the boundaries of two continental plates.

Answer

The two continental plates have different density thus, no subduction is occurred.

Answer

Compression of plate boundaries and similarity in physical properties of two colliding plates are factors in the formation of mountain ranges

Question 50

Study the interacting plates in the illustration below. How do the interacting plates prove the plate tectonic theory as unifying theory?

Accepted Answer

The occurrence of subduction and formation of geologic features are caused by the movement of plates

Answer

There is formation of geologic features on the crust.

Answer

The subducted layers melt in the asthenosphere due to intense temperature and pressure.

Answer

The occurrence subduction and formation geologic features in the lithosphere.

Related quizzes

Related quizzes