Question 1

1. Why do scientists revise atomic models?

Accepted Answer

New evidence leads to improved explanations of atomic structure.

Answer

Scientific organizations replace atomic models at regular intervals.

Answer

Different countries prefer different descriptions of atomic structure.

Answer

Modern equipment changes the behavior of particles inside atoms.

Question 2

2. Which explanation best accounts for the spreading of food coloring in still water?

Accepted Answer

Particles of both substances move continuously among one another.

Answer

Water particles carry dye particles through repeated circular motions.

Answer

Water molecules create new openings that absorb dissolved particles.

Answer

Dye particles become smaller and fill all available spaces in water.

Question 3

3. Which statement best explains why perfume can be smelled across a room?

Accepted Answer

Air particles move perfume molecules from place to place continuously.

Answer

Air currents create new particles that carry the perfume scent.

Answer

Perfume particles increase in size as they spread through the room.

Answer

Perfume molecules attract wall surfaces and spread around the room.

Question 4

4. Which sequence correctly identifies the states represented by X, Y, and Z?

Accepted Answer

Solid, liquid, gas.

Answer

Solid, gas, liquid.

Answer

Liquid, gas, solid.

Answer

Gas, liquid, solid.

Question 5

5. Why does heating a metal lid make it easier to remove?

Accepted Answer

Heating increases particle motion within the metal structure.

Answer

Heating removes attractive forces among particles completely.

Answer

Heating reduces the mass of particles at the metal surface.

Answer

Heating causes particles to separate into different substances.

Question 6

Which result best supports the Particle Model of Matter?

Accepted Answer

The dye spreads fastest in Beaker D because particles move faster.

Answer

The dye spreads fastest in Beaker B because particle attraction decreases.

Answer

The dye spreads equally because identical amounts of dye were used.

Answer

The dye spreads fastest in Beaker A because larger spaces exist.

Question 7

7. What most likely caused water droplets to appear on the outside of a cold bottle?

Accepted Answer

Water vapor lost energy and changed into liquid water.

Answer

Oxygen particles collected and formed droplets on the container.

Answer

Liquid water slowly passed through the bottle's outer surface.

Answer

Air molecules combined to create new water on the bottle.

Question 8

8. What happens to particles during melting?

Accepted Answer

Particles gain energy and move more freely.

Answer

Particles disappear and are replaced by liquid molecules.

Answer

Particles stop attracting one another completely.

Answer

Particles become smaller as the solid changes state.

Question 9

9. Which explanation best describes why a puddle disappears after sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Water particles gain energy and escape into the air.

Answer

Water particles break apart into smaller liquid particles.

Answer

Water particles combine with air particles to form gases.

Answer

Water particles lose energy and move closer together.

Question 10

10. Which change of state occurs when water vapor forms droplets on a mirror?

Accepted Answer

Condensation.

Answer

Freezing.

Answer

Evaporation.

Answer

Melting.

Question 11

11. Which statement correctly compares the particles in ice and water vapor?

Accepted Answer

Vapor particles are farther apart than solid particles.

Answer

Vapor particles have greater mass than solid particles.

Answer

Vapor particles are larger than solid particles.

Answer

Vapor particles have less motion than solid particles.

Question 12

12. Which atomic model describes atoms as tiny, solid, indivisible spheres?

Accepted Answer

Dalton's model of indivisible solid spheres.

Answer

Thomson's model with embedded negative charges.

Answer

Bohr's model with fixed electronic energy levels.

Answer

Rutherford's model with a dense atomic nucleus.

Question 13

13. Which atomic model has negatively charged electrons embedded in positive material?

Accepted Answer

Thomson's model with embedded electrons.

Answer

Modern electron cloud model with probability regions.

Answer

Rutherford's model with a concentrated nucleus.

Answer

Dalton's model with solid atomic particles.

Question 14

14. Which atomic model has a small central nucleus and mostly empty space?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford's model with a dense nucleus.

Answer

Dalton's model with indivisible particles.

Answer

Bohr's model with fixed electron shells.

Answer

Thomson's model with distributed positive charge.

Question 15

15. Which atomic model shows electrons moving in specific energy levels?

Accepted Answer

Bohr's model with energy levels.

Answer

Thomson's model with embedded electrons.

Answer

Dalton's model with solid particles.

Answer

Rutherford's model with a central nucleus.

Question 16

16. Which model explains that electrons are found in electron clouds rather than fixed paths?

Accepted Answer

Modern electron cloud model using probability regions.

Answer

Thomson's model using embedded electron structures.

Answer

Bohr's model using circular electron pathways.

Answer

Dalton's model using indivisible spherical particles.

Question 17

17. Which atomic model predicts where electrons are most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

Schrödinger's model with electron probability clouds.

Answer

Bohr's model with fixed electron energy levels.

Answer

Dalton's model with indivisible solid particles.

Answer

Thomson's model with embedded negative electrons.

Question 18

18. Which observation best challenges the claim that particles stop moving when water becomes ice?

Accepted Answer

Ice particles continue vibrating in fixed positions.

Answer

Ice normally feels colder than liquid water.

Answer

Ice occupies less space than water in many situations.

Answer

Frozen substances usually appear harder than liquids.

Question 19

19. What happens to air particles when a sealed syringe containing air is heated?

Accepted Answer

Air particles move faster and collide more frequently.

Answer

Air particles increase in size and become heavier.

Answer

Air particles split into smaller particles and spread out.

Answer

Air particles lose attractive forces and disappear gradually.

Question 20

20. Which process causes the water level in a cup to become lower after several days?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation.

Answer

Melting.

Answer

Freezing.

Answer

Condensation.

Question 21

21. Which statement accurately compares a liquid and a gas of the same substance?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are farther apart than liquid particles.

Answer

Liquid particles contain more matter than gas particles.

Answer

Liquid particles move in fixed positions around each other.

Answer

Gas particles have greater mass than liquid particles.

Question 22

22. Which investigation provides the strongest evidence about the effect of temperature on particle movement?

Accepted Answer

Compare how quickly dye spreads in cold and warm water.

Answer

Compare the color changes that occur in different liquids.

Answer

Compare how many beakers can hold identical water samples.

Answer

Compare the masses of containers before adding water.

Question 23

23. Why are scientific models important?

Accepted Answer

They help explain phenomena that cannot be directly observed.

Answer

They replace observations collected in scientific investigations.

Answer

They make scientific equipment unnecessary during research.

Answer

They provide exact copies of objects found in nature.

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