speeds up chemical reactions and growth and repair

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.

genetic makeup of an organism

An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

deoxyribonucleic acid

A gene that is expressed in the offspring whenever it is present

a gene that is expressed only when it is matched with a similar gene from the other parent

Alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism.

Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

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first to observe "small chambers" cells in cork and call them cells.

looked at pond water through a simple microscope that he made; saw one-celled organisms and named them "animalcules"

All plants are made of cells

Discovered all cells come from other cells

concluded that all animals are made of cells

10x

4x,10x,40x

Objective lens magnification x ocular lens magnification

short term energy storage and provide energy

long term energy storage and insulation

store and transmit genetic information, direct synthesis of new protein

Breads, pastas, jelly

avocado, butters, oils, dairy, fatty, oily fish (salmon)

meat, beans, eggs, fish

FOUND IN ALL CELLS

hexagon

shaped like an E

line, strand, bunch

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polysaccharides (starches and fibers)

sugars, candy

Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Control center of the cell

cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell

helps remove waste

links amino acids to form proteins

creates lipids or fat

carries proteins and other materials from one cell to another, sight of protein synthesis

digestive enzymes

keeps dna in the nucleus

organize DNA during cell division

Stores water and nutrients, contains cell sack

Helps package and make proteins

Makes ribosomes

remain shape and hold organelles in place

1. Central Vacuole

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photosynthesis

mitochondria

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

carbon dioxide + water +energy-------> glucose + oxygen

a substance moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

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random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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random movement of water, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, through a selectively permeable membrane

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Hypertonic

hypotonic

isotonic

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

2 identical daughter cells

LONG

Sister chromatids split and move to either pole

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

cytoplasm divides

spindle fibers disappear, and nuclear membrane reappears

sunlight, water, carbon dioxide

glucose and oxygen

light intensity

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producing pollen

to hold up the anther

to trap pollen

to hold up stigma

contains ovule and fruit

female gametes forms seed after fertilization

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

eye color, widow's peak

dyed hair color, diet