Question 1

The perceived size of an object is most strongly influenced by that object’s perceived

Accepted Answer

distance

Answer

motion

Answer

shape

Answer

color

Question 2

The quick succession of briefly flashed images in a motion picture produces

Accepted Answer

Stroboscopic movement

Answer

the Ponzo illusion

Answer

frequency theory.

Answer

linear perspective

Question 3

Although he was wearing a pair of glasses that shifted the apparent location of objects 20 degrees to his right,  Lars was still able to play tennis very effectively.  This best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

perceptual adaptation

Answer

retinal disparity

Answer

perceptual set

Answer

Binocular cues

Question 4

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the

Accepted Answer

retina

Answer

fovea

Answer

cornea

Answer

iris

Question 5

Sensation is to ____________ as perception is to ____________.

Accepted Answer

detection / interpretation

Answer

encoding / detection

Answer

interpretation / organization

Answer

threshold / transduction

Question 6

When you are expecting an incoming text message, you are much more likely to notice it the second it arrives.  This best illustrates _________

Accepted Answer

signal detection theory

Answer

absolute thresholds

Answer

Weber’s law

Answer

difference thresholds

Question 7

A subliminal message is one that is presented

Accepted Answer

below one’s absolute threshold for awareness

Answer

repetitiously

Answer

in a manner that is unconsciously persuasive.

Answer

while an individual in under hypnosis,

Question 8

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song best illustrates

Accepted Answer

parallel processing

Answer

kinesthesis

Answer

accommodation

Answer

sensory adaptation

Question 9

Which theory best explains how we perceive low-pitched sounds?

Accepted Answer

place theory

Answer

opponent-process theory

Answer

frequency theory

Answer

the Young-Helmholtz theory

Question 10

Sensory adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus.

Answer

increasing perception of a constant, annoying stimuli

Answer

the process of organization

Answer

the process by which stimulus energies are changed into neural impulses

Question 11

In University of Texas driving-simulation experiments, students conversing on cell phones were slower to detect and respond to traffic signals.  This best illustrates ___________

Accepted Answer

selective attention

Answer

gate-control theory

Answer

retinal disparity

Answer

the phi phenomenon

Question 12

According to the opponent-process theory, cells that are stimulated by exposure to ___________ light are inhibited by exposure to _______________ light.

Accepted Answer

yellow; blue

Answer

Green: Yellow

Answer

Yellow :red

Answer

Green: Red

Question 13

People who carry a gene that boosts the availability of ____________ are less bothered by pain.

Accepted Answer

endorphins

Answer

nociceptors

Answer

ganglion fibers

Answer

transduction

Question 14

The semicircular canals are most directly relevant to ___________

Accepted Answer

the vestibular fibers.

Answer

parallel processing

Answer

parallel processing

Answer

kinesthesis

Question 15

Trying to see a hidden representational image in a peace of abstract art by looking carefully at each element in the picture and trying to form an image employs which kind of perceptual process?

Accepted Answer

bottom-up processing

Answer

selective attention

Answer

interposition

Answer

perceptual adaptation

Question 16

Camille knew the red tulip was closer to her than the yellow tulip because the red one cast a larger retinal image than the yellow one.  This illustrates the importance of the distance cue known as ____________

Accepted Answer

relative size

Answer

continuity

Answer

interposition

Answer

proximity

Question 17

The rupture of the eardrum can lead to __________

Accepted Answer

conduction hearing loss

Answer

change deafness

Answer

disruption of the vestibular system

Answer

sensorineural hearing loss

Question 18

Accommodation refers to the

Accepted Answer

process by which the lens changes shape to focus images on the retina.

Answer

diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus

Answer

quivering eye movements that enable the retina to detect continuous stimulation

Answer

process by which stimulus energies are changed into neural messages

Question 19

The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called the

Accepted Answer

absolute threshold

Answer

adaptation threshold

Answer

difference threshold

Answer

subliminal threshold

Question 20

During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such low level of intensity that Mr. Gordon could hardly detect them.  The sounds were below Mr. Gordon’s

Accepted Answer

absolute threshold

Answer

subliminal threshold

Answer

auditory threshold

Answer

difference threshold

Question 21

The classic gate-control theory suggests that pain is experienced when small nerve fibers active and open a neural in the

Accepted Answer

spinal cord

Answer

fovea.

Answer

semicircular canals

Answer

olfactory bulb

Question 22

Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the

Accepted Answer

iris

Answer

lens

Answer

cornea

Answer

retina

Question 23

Light-wave amplitude determines the

Accepted Answer

intensity of colors

Answer

firing of rods in the retina

Answer

color hue we experience

Answer

parallel processing of a scene

Question 24

Psychologists are skeptical about the existence of ESP because

Accepted Answer

many apparent demonstrations of ESP have been shown to be staged illusions.

Answer

there is no way to scientifically test claims of ESP.

Answer

ESP experiments show the impact of ESP, but correlation studies do not.

Answer

researchers have difficulty finding participants for ESP studies.

Question 25

What is the purpose of the eardrum?

Accepted Answer

To transmit sound from the air to the bones in the middle ear

Answer

Axons on the eardrum converge to for the auditory nerve, which sends auditory messages to the brain

Answer

Vibration of the eardrum directly causes ripples in the basilar member

Answer

Movement of the eardrum directly causes the stirrup to vibrate

Question 26

Tinnitus is a phantom ___________ sensation

Accepted Answer

auditory

Answer

visual

Answer

touch

Answer

taste

Question 27

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by

Accepted Answer

the opponent-process theory.

Answer

place theory

Answer

the gate-control theory

Answer

the Young-Helmholtz theory

Question 28

Which of the following types of cells are located in the brain’s occipital lobe?

Accepted Answer

feature detectors

Answer

rods and cones

Answer

hair cells

Answer

cochlea cells

Question 29

The fact that people who are colorblind to red and green may still see yellow is most easily explained by

Accepted Answer

the opponent-process theory.

Answer

the gate-control theory

Answer

place theory

Answer

the Young-Helmholtz theory

Question 30

As your teacher turns the lights off to show a video clip, you still perceive your friend’s shirt as red.  Which of the following best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

color constancy

Answer

perceptual adaptation

Answer

context effects

Answer

lightness constancy

Question 31

What is Gate-control theory

Accepted Answer

theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain

Answer

Theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise).

Answer

principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount).

Answer

theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision

Question 32

What is vestibular sense

Accepted Answer

the sense of body movement and position, including the sense of balance

Answer

the sense of interpreting sound waves

Answer

the sense or act of hearing

Answer

How the brain processes visual information

Question 33

What is selective attention

Accepted Answer

the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Answer

failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

Answer

failing to notice changes in the environment

Answer

diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation.

Question 34

What is Signal detection theory

Accepted Answer

theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise)

Answer

the principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)

Answer

the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one’s perception, memory, or response.

Answer

the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.

Question 35

What are binocular cues

Accepted Answer

Convergence and retinal (binocular) disparity are the two binocular cues we use to process visual information

Answer

the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them.

Answer

analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information

Answer

information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.

Question 36

What is Perceptual set

Accepted Answer

a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

Answer

A given stimulus may trigger radically different perceptions because of the immediate context

Answer

the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision.

Answer

an organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

Question 37

What is transduction

Accepted Answer

conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret

Answer

the principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount).

Answer

the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them.

Answer

the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.

Question 38

What is top down processing

Accepted Answer

information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.

Answer

the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them.

Answer

analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information.

Answer

the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Question 39

What is the role of the retina

Accepted Answer

the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.

Answer

the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters.

Answer

a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening.

Answer

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.

Question 40

What task does the pupil perform

Accepted Answer

the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters

Answer

the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information.

Answer

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don’t respond

Answer

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations.

Question 41

What function do rods have?

Accepted Answer

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don’t respond.

Answer

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations.

Answer

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Answer

the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “blind” spot because no receptor cells are located there.

Question 42

What are feature detectors

Accepted Answer

nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement.

Answer

a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening

Answer

the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster.

Answer

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain.

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