Social stereotypes

Slide 1: • Title slide with the presentation topic: "Understanding Context in Film Analysis" Slide 2: • Introduction to the importance of context in film analysis. • Engaging visuals to capture students' attention. • Emphasize that context provides a deeper understanding of a film's meaning. Slide 3: • Definition of Context: • Context refers to the surrounding circumstances or conditions that influence the creation, interpretation, and reception of a film. • Analyzing context helps uncover layers of meaning, societal influences, and enhances critical thinking skills. Slide 4: • Historical Context: • Definition: Historical context refers to the specific time period in which a film was created and/or set. • Importance: Understanding the historical context helps us connect the film to its time period and comprehend the influence of historical events, social norms, and cultural movements. • Example: Analyzing the historical context of "Gone with the Wind" (1939) allows us to appreciate how the film reflects the post-Civil War era in the United States and addresses themes of race, class, and gender. Slide 5: • Social Context: • Definition: Social context refers to the social structures, norms, and values prevalent during the time of a film's creation and/or setting. • Importance: Examining the social context helps us understand how societal attitudes and values shape the film's narrative, characters, and themes. • Example: Analyzing the social context of "The Breakfast Club" (1985) reveals how the film explores the social dynamics and stereotypes within a high school setting, reflecting the cultural climate of the 1980s. Slide 6: • Political Context: • Definition: Political context refers to the political climate and ideologies present during the time of a film's creation and/or setting. • Importance: Understanding the political context helps us uncover political messages, power dynamics, and social commentary within the film. • Example: Examining the political context of "V for Vendetta" (2005) allows us to appreciate how the film critiques totalitarianism and explores themes of government control and individual freedom. Slide 7: • Authorial/Directorial Context: • Definition: Authorial/Directorial context refers to the background, artistic choices, and intentions of the director or filmmaker. • Importance: Analyzing this context helps us understand the director's unique vision, influences, and storytelling techniques, which shape the film's style and thematic focus. • Example: Exploring the authorial/directorial context of "Pulp Fiction" (1994) reveals Quentin Tarantino's nonlinear storytelling, pop culture references, and exploration of morality and violence. Slide 8: • Importance of considering multiple contexts together: • Analyzing multiple contexts together provides a comprehensive understanding of a film's meaning and impact. • Exploring the interplay between historical, social, political, and authorial/directorial contexts deepens our insights and enhances critical analysis skills. Slide 9: • Case studies: • Present two different films as case studies. • Example 1: Analyzing the historical context, social context, and authorial/directorial context of "Black Panther" (2018) provides insights into its exploration of Afrofuturism, cultural identity, and representation. • Example 2: Examining the historical context, political context, and authorial/directorial context of "Citizen Kane" (1941) reveals its commentary on power, media, and the American dream. Slide 10: • Summary slide: • Recap the main points about context in film analysis. • Encourage students to apply these concepts to their own analysis.

Gender discrimination refers to the unjust treatment of individuals based on their gender. It can also be refers to as when people are denied their rights and access to resources based on their sex. It often results from stereotypes, biases, and unequal power dynamics in society. It manifests in various forms and contexts, such as education, employment, politics, and everyday interactions. Examples of gender discrimination include: • Pay disparities between men and women in the workplace. • Limited educational opportunities for girls compared to boys in certain communities. • Stereotypical expectations regarding gender roles and behaviors, such as girls being discouraged from pursuing careers in STEM fields. • Harassment and violence targeted at individuals who do not conform to traditional gender norms. Gender discrimination not only violates individuals' rights and dignity but also perpetuates inequality and hinders social progress. It can lead to negative consequences for individuals' well-being, self-esteem, and opportunities for personal and professional growth. Additionally, gender discrimination reinforces harmful stereotypes and reinforces rigid gender norms, limiting everyone's freedom to express themselves authentically THE FOLLOWINGS ARE WAYS OF ADDRESSING GENDER DISCRIMINATION: Addressing gender discrimination requires a) Collective efforts from individuals, communities, and institutions. b) It involves challenging stereotypes, c) Advocating for policy changes. d) Promoting inclusive practices, and fostering respect and empathy towards people of all genders. e) By raising awareness. f) Promoting education, and g) Taking action to combat gender discrimination. h) Creating a more equitable and just society where everyone has the opportunity to thrive.

Considerations in the Study of Criminal Justice Inequilty in Canada A key feature of Can Society is inequity, particularly income inequity Top 1% earns 39.1% of income One million children live in low-income households Gender inequality in the workplace costs Canada $150 billion/year Women working full-time earn 74.2 cents for every dollar that full-time male workers make Racism, Prejudice and Discrimination Prejudice: unsubtitled, negative prejudgment of individuals/groups based on ethnicity, religion or race Discrimination: action/decision treats a person/group negatively Racism: prejudice, discrimination or antagonism based on belief that one’s race is superior Racial Profiling: action that relies on stereotypes about race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, place of origin rather than on reasonable suspicion Racial Profiling Experiences of Women Women- UNiqu experiences within CJS Higher education than ever before Self-report violent victimization is higher among women (85% per 100,000 women versus 67% per 100,000 for men) Experiences of Indigenous Persons Disproportionately represented as both victims and offenders at all stages of the criminal justice system Violent victimization is more than double that of non-indigenous persons (160 vs. 74/1,000) 27% homicide victims in 2009 were indigenous The Legacy of Colonization Many indigenous people live on the margins of Canadian society Pervasive poverty High rates of unemployment Low levels of formal education High death rates (accidents/violence) Often much worse off than non-indigenous persons Residential school system operated by federal government -1880s-1990 150,000 Indigenous children sent to residential schools “60s schoop” Intergenerational impact - residential schools - Truth and Reconciliation Commission Additional Considerations Escalating Costs of the CJS CJS expenditures have increased despite the overall decline in crime rates across the country Rise of the Surveillance Society Life in early 21st century- the pervasiveness of technology, surveillance technology Most citizens do not realize that every day their activities are recorded by video camera while shopping, when standing at a bus stop, even while driving Needs of Crime Victims Physically, Psychologically, emotionally, financially and social Victims can feel worse because of re-victimization Re-victimization: the negative impact on victims of crimes casued by the decisions and actions of criminal justice personnel Canadian Victims Bills of Rights, 2015. Summary Inequality, racism, prejudice and discriantion were intriduced as features of Canadian Society These are often manifested in racial profliing and the racialization of gropus and individuals Addtional consideration in the study of teh criminal juscitce system are The escalating costs of criminal jusicte The question as to whether the Canadian public is getting the “value of money,” The changing boundaries of criminal justice agencies as reflected in the development of multi agency partnerships Additional Consideration in the study of the criminal Justice system are The challenges posed by teh rise of teh surveillance society due to the pervasiveness of technology The challenges faced by crime victims Concerns for the health and wellness of offenders criminal justice professionals and The lack of diversity among crimina

Everyday conversation and writing is characterized not only by factual statements, but also expressions of one’s personal views, judgment, beliefs and convictions. In other words, we often make statements or assertions of fact, opinion, belief and even prejudice. This is because we often process and interpret factual evidence based on our own values, feelings, tastes, and experiences. Fowler H. Ramsay (1986), as outlined in the Colorado State University website, described assertion as a term generally used to refer to statements of fact, opinion, belief and prejudice. These types or categories of assertion are quite different from one another. A fact is a verifiable statement. It can be proven objectively by verified observations or the results of research among others. Because statements of fact can be double-checked for accuracy, there is general agreement about the truth they posit. On the other hand, an opinion is a personal judgment based on facts; hence, it is debatable and potentially changeable. The third category is called belief, which is a conviction based on cultural or personal faith, morality or values. A statement of belief may look similar with an opinion, but they are not based on evidence; that is why they cannot be contested or argued in a rational or logical manner. Lastly, there is the rather vague category called commonplace assertion. This is a stereotype, an oversimplification or a prejudice, which is a half-baked opinion based on insufficient or unexamined evidence, but it presented as if it were a fact. It is often accepted from others (families, friends, media etc.), making it too common to be questioned about its truthfulness. These categories of assertion are so prevalent in social media today, and the distinction between one another is slowly becoming unclear because of how netizens present everything as facts. This is why every social media needs to be a critical and informed reader to be able to verify the truthfulness of the information he/she comes across. In one of the previous modules, you learned about the language of research, advocacies and campaigns. Opinions and assertions are very important in advocacies and campaigns; hence, it would be advantageous for a writer, or even a speaker, to clearly express their views on important matters.

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