SPAN 3 Unit 3 La salud y la nutrición | Quizalize

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SPAN 3 Unit 3 La salud y la nutrición | Quizalize

106 questions

Q.

to sneeze

1

30 sec

Q.

to cough

2

30 sec

Q.

to hurt

3

30 sec

Q.

to advise

4

30 sec

Q.

to contain

5

30 sec

Q.

to develop

6

30 sec

Q.

to avoid

7

30 sec

Q.

to include

8

30 sec

Q.

to take/to drink

9

30 sec

Q.

to drink

10

30 sec

Q.

to eat

11

30 sec

Q.

to endure/to tolerate

12

30 sec

Q.

to have

13

30 sec

Q.

to stretch

14

30 sec

Q.

to flex

15

30 sec

Q.

to breathe

16

30 sec

Q.

to throw up

17

30 sec

Q.

to prescribe

18

30 sec

Q.

to check

19

30 sec

Q.

to complain

20

30 sec

Q.

to relax

21

30 sec

Q.

to skip a meal

22

30 sec

Q.

to twist/to sprain

23

30 sec

Q.

to concentrate

24

30 sec

Q.

to worry

25

30 sec

Q.

to feel awful

26

30 sec

Q.

to be fit

27

30 sec

Q.

to be sick

28

30 sec

Q.

to have a cold

29

30 sec

Q.

to be sleepy

30

30 sec

Q.

to lift weights

31

30 sec

Q.

to do push-ups

32

30 sec

Q.

to use a stationary bike

33

30 sec

Q.

the patient

34

30 sec

Q.

the male doctor

35

30 sec

Q.

the female doctor

36

30 sec

Q.

the male nurse

37

30 sec

Q.

the female nurse

38

30 sec

Q.

the carbohydrate

39

30 sec

Q.

the iron

40

30 sec

Q.

the calcium

41

30 sec

Q.

the fiber

42

30 sec

Q.

the protein

43

30 sec

Q.

the junk food

44

30 sec

Q.

the empty calories

45

30 sec

Q.

the eating habit

46

30 sec

Q.

the diet

47

30 sec

Q.

the nutrition

48

30 sec

Q.

the energy

49

30 sec

Q.

the snack

50

30 sec

Q.

the food

51

30 sec

Q.

the liquids

52

30 sec

Q.

the antibiotic

53

30 sec

Q.

the cough syrup

54

30 sec

Q.

the cough

55

30 sec

Q.

the vitamin

56

30 sec

Q.

the symptoms

57

30 sec

Q.

the prescription/the recipe

58

30 sec

Q.

the pill

59

30 sec

Q.

the allergy

60

30 sec

Q.

the flu

61

30 sec

Q.

the infection

62

30 sec

Q.

the virus

63

30 sec

Q.

the bacteria

64

30 sec

Q.

the weight

65

30 sec

Q.

the advice

66

30 sec

Q.

the health

67

30 sec

Q.

the surgery

68

30 sec

Q.

the crunches

69

30 sec

Q.

the cramp

70

30 sec

Q.

the stress

71

30 sec

Q.

the ankle

72

30 sec

Q.

the eyes

73

30 sec

Q.

the throat

74

30 sec

Q.

the ear

75

30 sec

Q.

the stomach

76

30 sec

Q.

the back

77

30 sec

Q.

the hand

78

30 sec

Q.

the knee

79

30 sec

Q.

the nose

80

30 sec

Q.

the leg

81

30 sec

Q.

the arm

82

30 sec

Q.

the chest

83

30 sec

Q.

the head

84

30 sec

Q.

the shoulder

85

30 sec

Q.

the heart

86

30 sec

Q.

the muscle

87

30 sec

Q.

weak

88

30 sec

Q.

strong

89

30 sec

Q.

healthy

90

30 sec

Q.

grave/serious

91

30 sec

Q.

nutritious

92

30 sec

Q.

balanced

93

30 sec

Q.

appropriate

94

30 sec

Q.

stressed

95

30 sec

Q.

sore

96

30 sec

Q.

fat

97

30 sec

Q.

skinny

98

30 sec

Q.

despite/although

99

30 sec

Q.

because of that

100

30 sec

Q.

so

101

30 sec

Q.

that

102

30 sec

Q.

then

103

30 sec

Q.

such as

104

30 sec

Q.

so that

105

30 sec

Q.

because of

106

30 sec

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LESSON 3 Characteristics of Living Things Learning Objectives • Describe each characteristic of life • Relate each characteristic of life with how first forms of life evolved What sets living things apart from nonliving things? Organisms are equipped with different characteristics that allow them to grow, adapt, survive, and perpetuate. These include the ability to metabolize, respond to stimuli, interact, and reproduce, among others What are the characteristics of life? Try to look at your surroundings and identify the living things that you see. You have probably identified a lot. Many scientists believe that there are more than 10 million kinds of living things that exist on Earth today. But the question is, how can something be considered living? There are certain characteristics that all living things exhibit: the characteristics of life. Living things are made up of cells. They metabolize, grow and develop, respond to stimulus, adapt to their environment, and reproduce. Living Things Are Made up of Cells All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. Each cell contains materials that carry out basic life processes such as respiration. In the 1600s, an argument against the theory of spontaneous generation was made. Italian physician and biologist Francesco Redi disproved the theory that all living things come from nonliving things. Cells have different properties and characteristics. The cell theory describes the properties of all cells. There are three tenets of the cell theory: 1. The cell is the basic unit of life. 2. All living things are composed of one or more cells. 3. All cells arise from preexisting cells. The discovery of the cell is largely attributed to Robert Hooke. Upon examining a piece of cork using a microscope that he built, Hooke observed tiny compartments that he called "cells" (from the Latin word cella, meaning "little room"). Matthias Schleiden suggested that all structural parts of plants are made up of cells. In 1839, Theodore Schwann stated that along with plants, all animals were composed of cells. From these conclusions about plants and animals, advancement on the study of animal parts and functions began. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow included the idea that all cells came from preexisting cells. Some living things are made up of only single cells. Single-celled or unicellular organisms include bacteria, some protists, and some fungi. Even though composed of single cells, these organisms carry out all the functions necessary for life. Most living things such as animals and plants, are multicellular organisms. They are composed of many cells, which are grouped together and perform specific tasks in the body. In different organisms, cells also vary in sizes, shapes, parts, and functions. There are two kinds of organisms according to their cell structure, the prokaryotes and eukaryotes (figure 5-3). Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, and all other organelles. Its name comes from the Greek words pro, which means "before," and karyon, which means "nut or kernel." Eukaryotes are organisms with cells that contain membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contains the genetic material (DNA), enclosed by a nuclear envelope. Other membrane-bound organelles are mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and chloroplast found in photosynthetic organisms such as algae and plants. There are also unicellular eukaryotes known as protozoa. All other eukaryotes are multicellular organisms, such as plants, animals, and fungi. Living Things Metabolize Essential chemical reactions in life can be best described as building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism) processes. In anabolism, the substances needed by organisms to grow, store energy, and repair tissues are synthesized. In contrast in catabolism, some complex substances are broken down, releasing the energy stored in their molecules. This happens in food digestion. This chemical building up and breaking down processes are collectively called metabolism. Metabolism, from the Greek word metabole meaning "change," is the sum total of all the life-sustaining chemical reactions in living things. It allows living things to grow, maintain their structures and functions, and respond to stimuli. Living Things Grow and Develop Growth and development are not new concepts to many. In all living things, growth involves the increase in one's size or height. However, growth is not just an increase in physical structure. It also involves complex changes in an organism. Growth and development occur rapidly from younger stages of life to maturity. In humans, animals, and plants, distinct changes brought by growth and development can be dearly identified. Microorganisms such as bacteria also undergo growth and development until they reach their maximum size and maturity. A life span is the average length of time a aving thing can live. Living things have different life spans. Humans have average life spectancy of 60 to 70 years, while some plants, such as the narra trees, can live for more than 100. Living Things Respond to Stimuli All living things respond to stimuli the environment. This responsiveness Increases survivability. Stimulus (plural: uli) is any signal or change in he environment of an organism that produces a response or reaction from that organism. Responses to stimuli depend on an organism's need. Responding to stimuli also maintains homeostasis in living things. Homeostasis is the internal balance of a body system. This balance is needed for the proper function and regulation of the living thing's body. For example, when a person is in a warmer environment, the body sweats, keeping the body maintain a temperature suited for the normal function of the body. Living Things Interact No living thing can live alone. Interaction among organisms is simultaneously happening on Earth. From the smallest microorganisms to the biggest organism, and from the North Pole to the South Pole of Earth, all are connected in one living system. An ecosystem is formed when a community of organisms interacts with another community and with their environment. Many processes and interactions, such as in a feeding relationship, life cycle, and the exchange of gases between plants and animals, occur in the ecosystem. These are some of the important processes needed to maintain life on Earth. Living Things Reproduce The ability of living things to produce offspring of their kind is called reproduction. Reproduction is not an individual organism's need, rather, it is for the species' perpetuation. In some cases, animals become extinct because of their inability to reproduce their kind. Higher forms of plants and animals reproduce through sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the union of sex cells or gametes-the egg cell from a female organism and the sperm cell from a male organism. This union gives rise to a new individual with characteristics or traits from both parents. Other simple organisms, such as bacteria and plants, can reproduce asexually. These organisms give rise to a new individual from their body. A bacterial cell divided in two through asexual reproduction gives rise to new bacteria, as shown in figure 5-5. A yeast can form buds that later on become separate individual. Plants grow new plants using their stem, leaf, and roots. Both sexual and asexual reproductions have important functions. In both cases, the genetic material (DNA) is passed on from one generation to the next, ensuring the survival of the species on Earth. 1. Bacteria copy their DNA by starting at any point on the circular chromosomes. 2. The two copies of DNA attach to the inside wall of the bacterial cell. 3. The cell starts to divide, forming a new membrane and cell wall. 4. The bacterial cell splits into two separate cells, each with their own DNA. Living Things Adapt and Evolve All living things can adapt to their environment. This adaptation is necessary for rvival. Adaptation depends on the need of an individual. A polar bear, for example, would not be able to survive in an extremely cold environment without its capacity adapt. Adaptation is any response or reaction toward a stimulus that helps in the survival of an organism. A seed-eating bird will eventually eat a worm when there are seeds to be found. This change in food choice is therefore its adapting mechanism. Prolonged adaptation to certain environments may lead to the gradual evolution of the succeeding generations. Evolution is the gradual change in organisms over a long period in response to changing environment. Living Things Are Organized Life on Earth exhibits organization. The atom is the smallest unit of matter, lowed by molecules, which are combinations of atoms. When these molecules are grouped together, they form a cell. The cell is the basic unit of life. In multicellular organisms, such as plants and animals, cells are grouped as tissues to perform specific Functions. Different tissues can be grouped further and form organs. Organs in animals include the heart, brain, and lungs, among others. The organs form organ systems that makes the function of the body more complex and efficient. Organ systems form the whole organism. All living things exhibit organization, whether they are unicellular or multicellular organisms..
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