The Ninety-Five Theses on the Power of Indulgences were written by Martin Luther in 1517 and are widely regarded as the primary means for the Protestant Reformation

the religious doctrine that Martin Luther developed; it differed from Catholicism in the doctrine of salvation, which Luther believed could be achieved by faith alone, not by good works; Lutheranism was the first Protestant faith

response and reforms by the Roman Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation

The Gutenberg Bible was the earliest major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe. Gutenberg's press was the combined effort of several discoveries and inventions

A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, was called by Pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers.

Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII. The Puritans' religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study, prayer, and introspection.

French Protestants influenced by John Calvin

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

1304-1374) Father of the Renaissance. He believed the first two centuries of the Roman Empire to represent the peak in the development of human civilization.

a point of view or general standpoint from which different things are viewed

a person who provides financial support for the arts

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

The Mona Lisa is a half-length portrait painting by Italian artist _______

a city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center of the Italian Renaissance

"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome

A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

the language or dialect is spoken by ordinary people in a particular country or region.

David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture, created in marble between 1501 and 1504 by the Italian artist______