Question 1

Which type of random sampling ensures that each member of the population has an equal likelihood of being chosen?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 2

In which random sampling method does a researcher select participants at fixed intervals from an ordered list?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios best represents random sampling?

Accepted Answer

A researcher assigns numbers to all students and selects a sample using a random number generator.

Answer

A company interviews only the first 50 employees who volunteer.

Answer

A teacher picks the top 10 students with the highest scores for a study.

Answer

A school principal selects students from different grade levels based on teacher recommendations.

Question 4

A company wants to analyze employee satisfaction. First, they divide employees into departments and then randomly select individuals from each department. Which sampling method is used?

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 5

A hospital selects every 5th patient from a registration list to participate in a health survey. What type of random sampling is applied?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 6

A research team studies household spending habits. They first select regions randomly, then randomly pick neighborhoods within those regions, and finally select households. Which sampling method is used?

Accepted Answer

Multi-stage sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 7

What is a parameter in research?

Accepted Answer

A numerical value that describes an entire population.

Answer

A value estimated using probability.

Answer

A variable that is not measured in research.

Answer

A numerical value calculated from a sample.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average test score of all students in a school.

Answer

The proportion of students passing a test in a small sample.

Answer

The mean salary of 500 randomly selected workers.

Answer

The mean height of a sample of 100 students.

Question 9

How does a statistic differ from a parameter?

Accepted Answer

A statistic describes a sample, while a parameter describes a population.

Answer

A statistic is a fixed value, while a parameter changes depending on the sample.

Answer

A statistic describes a population, while a parameter describes a sample.

Answer

A statistic and a parameter always have the same value.

Question 10

A researcher wants to estimate the average weight of newborns in a city. Instead of measuring all newborns, she collects data from 300 babies. How can she best estimate the population parameter?

Accepted Answer

Use the sample mean as an estimate of the population mean.

Answer

Increase the sample size until it equals the population.

Answer

Collect data from the entire population instead of sampling.

Answer

Assume the sample mean and population mean are always identical.

Question 11

What is a parameter in research?

Accepted Answer

A numerical value that describes an entire population.

Answer

A numerical value calculated from a sample.

Answer

A value estimated using probability.

Answer

A variable that is not measured in research.

Question 12

A researcher selects 200 employees from a company and calculates their average salary. The computed value represents which concept?

Accepted Answer

Statistic

Answer

Population

Answer

Parameter

Answer

Variable

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average test score of all students in a school.

Answer

The proportion of students passing a test in a small sample.

Answer

The mean height of a sample of 100 students.

Answer

The mean salary of 500 randomly selected workers.

Question 14

How does a statistic differ from a parameter?

Accepted Answer

A statistic describes a sample, while a parameter describes a population.

Answer

A statistic describes a population, while a parameter describes a sample.

Answer

A statistic is a fixed value, while a parameter changes depending on the sample.

Answer

A statistic and a parameter always have the same value.

Question 15

A researcher estimates the average number of hours students spend on social media based on data from a sample. What type of measure is this?

Accepted Answer

Statistic

Answer

Variable

Answer

Constant

Answer

Parameter

Question 16

A researcher wants to estimate the average weight of newborns in a city. Instead of measuring all newborns, she collects data from 300 babies. How can she best estimate the population parameter?

Accepted Answer

Use the sample mean as an estimate of the population mean.

Answer

Assume the sample mean and population mean are always identical.

Answer

Increase the sample size until it equals the population.

Answer

Collect data from the entire population instead of sampling.

Question 17

A company surveys 150 randomly selected employees and finds an average tenure of 5 years. If the company has 2,000 employees, how should the results be interpreted?

Accepted Answer

The sample statistic estimates the average tenure for all employees.

Answer

The sample statistic (5 years) is the exact tenure of all employees.

Answer

The average tenure of the sample is a parameter.

Answer

The sample statistic has no relation to the population.

Question 18

A national survey reports that 70% of a sample of 1,000 adults prefer online shopping. What can researchers conclude about the entire population?

Accepted Answer

The sample proportion estimates the population proportion but may have a margin of error.

Answer

The sample proportion is a parameter.

Answer

The population proportion is exactly 70%.

Answer

The results are invalid unless the entire population is surveyed.

Question 19

How can a researcher estimate the population parameter based on a sample of newborn weights?

Accepted Answer

Use the sample mean as an estimate of the population mean.

Answer

Increase the sample size until it matches the population.

Answer

Ignore the sample and collect data from the entire population.

Answer

Assume the sample mean and population mean are always equal.

Question 20

If a company's HR department finds an average employee age of 35 years from a survey of 100 employees, how should this result be interpreted?

Accepted Answer

The statistic provides an estimate of the true average age of all employees.

Answer

The sample statistic cannot be used to infer anything about the population.

Answer

The sample statistic (35 years) is the exact age of all employees.

Answer

The average age of the sample is a parameter.

Question 21

What can a researcher conclude if a survey finds that 65% of a sample of 500 college students prefer online classes?

Accepted Answer

The sample proportion estimates the population proportion but may not be exact.

Answer

The population proportion is exactly 65%.

Answer

The results are invalid unless every student is surveyed.

Answer

The sample statistic is a parameter.

Question 22

A company wants to know the average age of its employees. The HR department surveys 100 employees and finds an average age of35 years. If the company has 1,500 employees, how should the results be interpreted?

Accepted Answer

The statistic provides an estimate of the true average age of all employees.

Answer

The average age of the sample is a parameter.

Answer

The sample statistic cannot be used to infer anything about the population.

Answer

The sample statistic (35 years) is the exact age of all employees.

Question 23

A survey finds that 65% of a sample of 500 college students prefer online classes. What can the researcher conclude about the entire population of students?

Accepted Answer

The sample proportion estimates the population proportion but may not be exact.

Answer

The sample statistic is a parameter.

Answer

The population proportion is exactly 65%.

Answer

The results are invalid unless every student is surveyed.

Question 24

A university's official report states that the average tuition fee for all students is ₱60,000 per semester. A survey of 500 students finds an average of ₱58,500. What should be examined to confirm which is a parameter and which is a statistic?

Accepted Answer

If the survey sample is diverse enough to represent all students

Answer

Whether students in the survey pay tuition themselves

Answer

The cost of tuition in previous years

Answer

The methods used to calculate the averages

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