(Macromolecules) Which Type of macromolecule stores energy and provides thermal insulation for the body?

(Cell Membrane) Which structural function of the cell membrane allows molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse into and out of the cell?

(Chemo v Photosynthesis) How is chemo-synthesis different from photosynthesis?

(Enzymes) Chief cells are found in the glands that line the inside of the stomach. These cells secrete large amounts of enzymes to aid in digestion. Which structure will be more abundant in chief cells because of their high rate of enzyme secretion?

(Chemosynthesis) This is a process used by organisms in deep sea ecosystems in the absence of light. How is this different than photosynthesis?

(Pro v Euk)The transcription of DNA into mRNA, and the translation of that mRNA, can occur simultaneously in prokaryotic cells. This does not occur in eukaryotic cells. Which statement explains why transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic?

(Proteins) A protein is built from several polypeptides, each with a different three-dimensional folding pattern. What causes the different folding patterns?

(Elements) Which element is found in all living things on Earth?

(Cell Oxygen) Oxygen in Earth's early atmosphere was generated by marine organisms such as cyanobacteria. By what process did they oxygenate the atmosphere?

(Pro v Euk) What two structures do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells do not?

(Photosynthesis) A scientist isolates a number of non-photosynthetic prokaryotes. Which structure would be found in these cells?

(Cell Structure) Which pair of organelles work together to give structure and support in animal cells?

(Pro v Euk) The presence of which structure helps classify an organism as eukaryotic?

(Macromolecules) Which type of macromolecule stores energy and provides thermal insulation for the body?

(Niche) Which statement describes a possible effect of the introduction of eagles into an ecosystem of osprey (which fills the same niche)?

(Food Web) Which Species in the food web would be subject to the greatest biomagnification of pesticides applied to the grasses? Grasses-> Grasshopper->Hawks Grasses-> Mice-> Hawks Grasses-> Deer

(Population Growth) In a graph that starts low and increases dramatically and then levels off, what shift in population growth has occurred by the leveling off?

(Inheritance) A scientist is examining a pedigree that includes several generations of an organism with XX/XY chromosome sex determination. Which pattern of inheritance would support the hypothesis that the trait being studied is a recessive sex-linked found on the x chromosome?

(Sex-Linked) in '97, scientists in the UK announced the birth of Dolly, a female sheep, the world's first mammal to be successfully cloned. Unlike naturally conceived offspring, cloned organisms share identical DNA sequences with their "parents" the animal from which the DNA was obtained. Which statement best explains why dolly's parent must have been female?

(Genetic Investigation) Which investigative tool should be used to genetically compare new bacteria to bacteria that has previously been studied?

(Protein Synthesis) Which molecule was coded for by the longest piece of DNA, assuming that no post-transcriptional RNA processing or splicing has occurred?

(Crossing over) Which statement describes crossing over?

(Crossing Over) Which method do scientists use to confirm that crossing over occurs?

(Crossing Over) What is the result of crossing over?

(Genetic Engineering) How could genetic engineering be used to produce a more successful crop in a hot, dry climate?

(DNA Mutation) Some bacteria have developed a resistance to antibiotics through random mutations. One such mutation allows bacteria to produce enzymes that inactivate the antibiotics when they enter the bacteria. Which statement best describes how this mutation occurs?

(Natural Selection) The sand goby is a small fish found in Europe's Baltic Sea. During mate selection, females overwhelmingly chose males with large body sizes. In some parts of the Baltic, algae overgrowth are causing the water to become increasingly cloudy. In the cloudy water, females have trouble identifying the larger males. What can you predict will happen if female sand gobies continue to have difficulty identifying large males during mate selection?

(Speciation) Researchers studying hummingbirds in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador made several observations: - There are many species of hummingbirds - The species are not separated by any physical barriers. - Unique hummingbird species are found at different elevations in the Andes. Which hypothesis is based on these observations?

(Isolation) Scientists have recently reclassified two populations of organisms that were originally classified as the same species. They are now classified as two unique species because of genetic differences that have been observed between the two populations. One of these populations lives on the mainland and the other on a nearby island. Both live in forest habitats and have similar diets. Which factor most likely resulted in the observed genetic differences of these two populations?

(Evolution) The best indicator of an organism's evolutionary fitness is the number of

(Amino Acids) A scientist is trying to determine the evolutionary relationships among species with very similar physical characteristics. One method to determine the relationships is by comparing amino acid sequences. Why would the scientist compare the amino acid sequence in common to those similar species?

(Adaptation) Which statement explains why some species of bacteria are no longer susceptible to certain antibiotics?

(Selection) The European corn borer is a pest whose larvae cause damage to corn crops in the US. Pesticides can be used to control them. As an alternative, scientists have developed a genetically engineered form of corn call the Bt strain. It produces a toxin, which is poisonous to the larvae. Farmers who plant fields of this corn are required by law to plant fields of non-Bt corn as well. Which statement explains why farmers are required to plant non-Bt corn nearby?

(Reproductive Isolation) From an evolutionary perspective, what is the significance of reproductive isolation developing between two populations?

(Isolation) A biologist conducting a long-term field study noticed there were two types of mice in a valley. One type of mouse had webbed toes, and one type of mouse lacked webbed toes. A dam was built in the valley turning the land into a wetland. As the years passed, all mice living in the valley were found to have webbed toes. No mice were found with non-webbed toes. Which statement best explains the observed change in the mouse population?

(Natual Selection) How does natural selection affect populations?

(Speciation) In most species, scientists have observed that related individuals share about 80% of the same genes. Cheetahs today, however, are known to share 99% of the same genes. What does this lack of genetic diversity imply about the history of the cheetah population?

(Natural Selection) Rabbits were introduced to Australia in the 1800s. They rapidly overpopulated because they had few natural predators in the area. To control their population, scientists introduced a rabbit-specific virus into the population, and their numbers greatly decreased. However, after several generations, the rabbit population began to increase again. Which statement explains the new increase in the number of rabbits?

(Isolation) From an evolutionary perspective, what is the significance of reproductive isolation developing between two populations within a species?>