Question 1

The functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen is called:

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl

Answer

Carboxyl

Answer

Hydroxyl

Answer

Amino

Question 2

The carbon–oxygen double bond in a carbonyl group is:

Accepted Answer

Polar

Answer

Ionic

Answer

Nonpolar

Answer

Aromatic

Question 3

Which atom carries a partial negative charge (δ−) in the carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 4

The geometry around the carbonyl carbon is:

Accepted Answer

Trigonal planar

Answer

Bent

Answer

Linear

Answer

Tetrahedral

Question 5

The bond angle around the carbonyl carbon is approximately:

Accepted Answer

120°

Answer

180°

Answer

109.5°

Answer

90°

Question 6

The polarity of the carbonyl bond is primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity difference

Answer

Bond length

Answer

Atomic size difference

Answer

Hybridization

Question 7

The carbonyl carbon is partially positive because:

Accepted Answer

Oxygen attracts electron density

Answer

Carbon donates electrons

Answer

It forms ionic bonds

Answer

Carbon loses electrons completely

Question 8

According to VSEPR theory, the carbonyl carbon adopts trigonal planar geometry because:

Accepted Answer

It has three electron domains

Answer

It forms ionic bonds

Answer

It has four bonding regions

Answer

It contains lone pairs

Question 9

A carbonyl compound with at least one hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon is:

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ester

Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Question 10

A carbonyl compound with two carbon groups attached to the carbonyl carbon is:

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Answer

Amide

Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Aldehyde

Question 11

A carbonyl carbon bonded to a hydroxyl (–OH) group forms:

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Ketone

Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ester

Question 12

A carbonyl carbon bonded to –O–R is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Ester

Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Answer

Alcohol

Question 13

A carbonyl carbon bonded to an –NH₂ group is:

Accepted Answer

Amide

Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ether

Answer

Ester

Question 14

The key difference between aldehydes and ketones is:

Accepted Answer

Type of groups attached to carbonyl carbon

Answer

Presence of nitrogen

Answer

Presence of oxygen

Answer

Number of bonds

Question 15

Carboxylic acids and esters are structurally related because both:

Accepted Answer

Have oxygen directly bonded to carbonyl carbon

Answer

Contain nitrogen

Answer

Are nonpolar

Answer

Lack hydrogen

Question 16

Replacing the –OH group of a carboxylic acid with –NH₂ produces:

Accepted Answer

Amide

Answer

Ester

Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ketone

Question 17

Why is the carbonyl carbon electrophilic?

Accepted Answer

It has a partial positive charge

Answer

It has excess electrons

Answer

It is bonded to hydrogen

Answer

It is nonpolar

Question 18

Which compound class contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Answer

Ester

Answer

Aldehyde

Question 19

Why are aldehydes and ketones grouped together?

Accepted Answer

Both have only carbon or hydrogen attached to the carbonyl carbon

Answer

Both have hydroxyl groups

Answer

Both are nonpolar

Answer

Both contain nitrogen

Question 20

Which substitution converts a carboxylic acid into an ester?

Accepted Answer

–OH → –O–R

Answer

–H → –CH₃

Answer

–O → –OH

Answer

–OH → –NH₂

Question 21

What determines the classification of a carbonyl-containing compound?

Accepted Answer

Atoms directly bonded to the carbonyl carbon

Answer

Molecular weight

Answer

Number of oxygen atoms

Answer

Presence of double bonds

Question 22

An aldehyde is best defined as a compound in which the carbonyl carbon is bonded to:

Accepted Answer

At least one hydrogen

Answer

Only oxygen atoms

Answer

A nitrogen atom

Answer

Two carbon atoms

Question 23

The general linear notation for an aldehyde is:

Accepted Answer

RCHO

Answer

RCOR

Answer

RCOH

Answer

RCOOH

Question 24

In an aldehyde, the carbonyl carbon is bonded to how many hydrogen atoms at minimum?

Accepted Answer

One

Answer

Zero

Answer

Three

Answer

Two

Question 25

A ketone is a compound in which the carbonyl carbon is bonded to:

Accepted Answer

Two carbon atoms

Answer

Two hydrogens

Answer

One hydrogen and one carbon

Answer

One oxygen and one nitrogen

Question 26

The general formula for a ketone is:

Accepted Answer

RCOR

Answer

RNH₂

Answer

RCHO

Answer

RCOOH

Question 27

If both substituents in a ketone are identical, the formula may be written as:

Accepted Answer

R₂CO

Answer

RCHO

Answer

R₂OH

Answer

RCOH

Question 28

The carbonyl group in an aldehyde is always located:

Accepted Answer

At the end of the carbon chain

Answer

Anywhere in the chain

Answer

In the middle of the chain

Answer

Outside the chain

Question 29

The carbonyl group in a ketone is always located:

Accepted Answer

Within the carbon chain

Answer

Outside the chain

Answer

Attached to hydrogen only

Answer

At the end of the chain

Question 30

Why are cyclic aldehydes not possible?

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl carbon would have five bonds

Answer

Rings cannot contain carbonyl groups

Answer

Hydrogen prevents ring formation

Answer

Oxygen cannot form double bonds

Question 31

Which of the following can form cyclic structures?

Accepted Answer

Ketones

Answer

Aldehydes

Answer

Alcohols only

Answer

Alkanes only

Question 32

Removal of hydrogen from an alcohol results in formation of:

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl group

Answer

Alkane

Answer

Amine

Answer

Ether

Question 33

Aldehydes are related to alcohols in the same way that alkenes are related to:

Accepted Answer

Alkanes

Answer

Aromatics

Answer

Ethers

Answer

Alkynes

Question 34

In IUPAC nomenclature, aldehydes use the suffix:

Accepted Answer

-al

Answer

-one

Answer

-ol

Answer

-oic acid

Question 35

The suffix -ol is used for naming:

Accepted Answer

Alcohols

Answer

Ketones

Answer

Aldehydes

Answer

Esters

Question 36

The parent chain in aldehyde nomenclature must include:

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl carbon

Answer

Nitrogen atom

Answer

Hydroxyl group

Answer

Double bond only

Question 37

In aldehyde naming, the carbonyl carbon is always assigned number:

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

0

Answer

2

Answer

Depends on substituent

Question 38

The number of the aldehyde carbon is usually:

Accepted Answer

Not included in the name

Answer

Ignored completely

Answer

Always written as 1

Answer

Written at the end

Question 39

When naming substituents in aldehydes, they are placed:

Accepted Answer

Before the parent name

Answer

In the middle only

Answer

After the suffix

Answer

Not included

Question 40

When an aldehyde is attached to a ring, the suffix used is:

Accepted Answer

-carbaldehyde

Answer

-ol

Answer

-one

Answer

-al

Question 41

Which statement correctly describes aldehydes vs ketones?

Accepted Answer

Aldehydes are terminal; ketones are internal

Answer

No difference

Answer

Both are internal

Answer

Both are terminal

Question 42

Which is a correct generalized structure of an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

RCHO

Answer

RCOR

Answer

RCOOR

Answer

RCONH₂

Question 43

The IUPAC name for CH₃CH₂CHO is:

Accepted Answer

Propanal

Answer

Ethanal

Answer

Butanal

Answer

Propyl aldehyde

Question 44

The IUPAC name for a branched aldehyde with four carbons and a methyl substituent is:

Accepted Answer

3-methylbutanal

Answer

Methylpropanal

Answer

Butanal

Answer

Isobutyl aldehyde

Question 45

For aldehyde common names, the correct order of prefixes (1–4 carbons) is:

Accepted Answer

form-, acet-, propion-, butyr-

Answer

propion-, form-, acet-, butyr-

Answer

acet-, propion-, butyr-, form-

Answer

acet-, form-, propion-, butyr-

Question 46

The IUPAC name for formaldehyde is:

Accepted Answer

Methanal

Answer

Butanal

Answer

Propanal

Answer

Ethanal

Question 47

The simplest aromatic aldehyde is:

Accepted Answer

Benzaldehyde

Answer

Aldophenol

Answer

Phenylaldehyde

Answer

Benzone

Question 48

The suffix used for ketones in IUPAC nomenclature is:

Accepted Answer

-one

Answer

-oic acid

Answer

-al

Answer

-ol

Question 49

The IUPAC name for CH₃COCH₂CH₂CH₃ is:

Accepted Answer

2-pentanone

Answer

Pentaketone

Answer

3-pentanone

Answer

4-pentanone

Question 50

The correct IUPAC name for a ketone with a methyl substituent on carbon 2 is:

Accepted Answer

2-methylpentanone

Answer

4-methylpentanone

Answer

Methylpentanone

Answer

Pentanone

Question 51

The IUPAC name for ethyl propyl ketone is:

Accepted Answer

3-pentanone

Answer

2-pentanone

Answer

4-hexanone

Answer

3-hexanone

Question 52

Another acceptable name for acetone is:

Accepted Answer

Propanone

Answer

Butanone

Answer

Diethyl ketone

Answer

Ethanone

Question 53

The simplest aromatic ketone is:

Accepted Answer

Acetophenone

Answer

Benzophenone

Answer

Phenone

Answer

Benzone

Question 54

The minimum number of carbons required for a ketone is:

Accepted Answer

Three

Answer

Four

Answer

Two

Answer

One

Question 55

Formaldehyde at room temperature is:

Accepted Answer

Colorless gas with pungent odor

Answer

Colorless liquid with no odor

Answer

Solid with sweet odor

Answer

Oily liquid

Question 56

Formalin is an aqueous solution containing approximately:

Accepted Answer

37% formaldehyde

Answer

70% formaldehyde

Answer

5% formaldehyde

Answer

10% formaldehyde

Question 57

The major industrial use of formaldehyde is:

Accepted Answer

Polymer production

Answer

Fuel additive

Answer

Drug synthesis only

Answer

Fertilizer production

Question 58

Acetone is widely used because it is:

Accepted Answer

Miscible with water and nonpolar solvents

Answer

Insoluble in water

Answer

Strong acid

Answer

Highly viscous

Question 59

Presence of acetone in urine is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Infection

Answer

Liver failure

Question 60

The buttery odor in foods is mainly due to:

Accepted Answer

Butanedione

Answer

Benzaldehyde

Answer

Methanal

Answer

Acetone

Question 61

Which of the following is a steroid ketone hormone?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Histamine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 62

Sunscreens commonly contain ketones because they:

Accepted Answer

Absorb UV radiation

Answer

Produce melanin

Answer

Reflect visible light

Answer

Block oxygen

Question 63

Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) produces skin color by reacting with:

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Water

Answer

Lipids

Answer

DNA

Question 64

Melanin protects the skin by:

Accepted Answer

Absorbing and scattering UV radiation

Answer

Reflecting heat

Answer

Increasing hydration

Answer

Producing oxygen

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