Question 1

How did the development of these train routes impact South Carolina?

Accepted Answer

Cities grew around important train stops as they became centers of business.

Answer

The construction of these train routes destroyed valuable farmland and crippled the state economy.

Answer

Agriculture and textile businesses were denied the resources to industrialize.

Answer

Northern businesses that owned these train companies helped support equal rights politicians in the state.

Question 2

Why were many northern businesses attracted to the idea of building factories in South Carolina after Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

The low wages and lack of union protection greatly lowered the operating costs.

Answer

Business owners felt it was acceptable to invest in the South as African American rights increased.

Answer

Business owners felt that it was morally wrong to use the child labor that was common in the North.

Answer

The many coal and iron sources in the state made it a great location for industrialization.

Question 3

What prevented mill workers in South Carolina from forming unions to improve their working conditions?

Accepted Answer

Political leaders in South Carolina supported mill owners in their fight to prevent the formation of unions.

Answer

Mill workers lacked support from national unions who refused to help textile workers.

Answer

There were not enough mill workers in South Carolina to justify the formation of a union.

Answer

There was little public support for the formation of unions because mill workers made high salaries.

Question 4

How did South Carolina's industrial development after the Civil War compare to the rest of the nation?

Accepted Answer

South Carolina lagged behind the rest of the nation in industrial development but saw growth in the textile industry.

Answer

South Carolina resisted the growth of all industry and stayed economically different from the other southern states.

Answer

South Carolina was on pace with the rest of the nation in terms of economic and manufacturing development.

Answer

South Carolina was far more advanced in its mining, textile, and meat-packing industries.

Question 5

How did the government's laissez-faire policies promote industrialization in the United States and South Carolina after Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

A lack of regulation allowed industry to grow with very few restrictions.

Answer

Government loans increased the number of businesses in the United States.

Answer

Strict regulations about working conditions encouraged more immigrants to seek jobs in America.

Answer

Laws encouraging competition between businesses led to lower prices and higher quality products.

Question 6

Why did mill-owners prefer to hire workers like the one in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

Younger children had smaller hands that could quickly tie broken threads.

Answer

Immigrants did not have to be paid as much as native-born workers.

Answer

Younger children were more prone to workplace accidents.

Answer

Females tended to be more focused on their work than males.

Question 7

What industry was supported by natural deposits of phosphate in the Beaufort area of South Carolina?

Accepted Answer

commercial fertilizer

Answer

iron and steel production

Answer

the railroads

Answer

textile mills

Question 8

Who did government tend to support in labor disputes in the late 19th century?

Accepted Answer

factory owners

Answer

union organizers

Answer

workers

Answer

freedmen

Question 9

What is the main reason that mill workers in South Carolina were unable to improve their conditions and salaries?

Accepted Answer

Union organizers were fired and the labor movement was fiercely resisted by mill-owners.

Answer

Diseases like tuberculosis and brown lung killed off workers before they could organize.

Answer

Most of the laborers were children and unable to organize themselves.

Answer

Workers were well treated and did not need to bother trying to improve their situation.

Question 10

How did the life of mill workers in South Carolina compare to those in northern states?

Accepted Answer

They worked similar hours, but made less than half of what northern workers earned.

Answer

Mill workers were generally treated with more dignity and allowed to collectively bargain.

Answer

They made less money, but worked in more favorable conditions.

Answer

There was no child labor in South Carolina, which meant fewer workplace accidents.

Question 11

Why did the price that South Carolina cotton farmers received for their crops fall in the late 19th century?

Accepted Answer

The worldwide supply increased.

Answer

It became easier to pick cotton using machines.

Answer

Demand increased.

Answer

There was no longer slave labor.

Question 12

What was the aim of the crop lien laws in the South after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

to allow banks to claim future crops from those that owed money

Answer

to further segregate black and white farmers from each other

Answer

to maintain the nutrients in the soil by mandating rotation of crops

Answer

to allow farmers to borrow money with no interest from banks

Question 13

After the Civil War, what role did cotton production play in South Carolina’s economy?

Accepted Answer

The crop lien system prevented many cotton farmers from earning large profits.

Answer

Cotton was no longer a cash crop since Europeans relied on cotton imports from Barbados.

Answer

Cotton production was very profitable, and most sharecroppers earned high wages.

Answer

The cotton gin allowed cotton to be produced efficiently even without a large labor force.

Question 14

How did the increased supply of cotton across the world impact the economy in the South in the early 1900s?

Accepted Answer

Cotton prices dropped and the economy decreased.

Answer

The use of cotton decreased and the economy dipped.

Answer

Cotton prices increased and the economy boomed.

Answer

The demand for cotton increased and the economy boomed.

Question 15

This cycle shows a system put in place in the South in the late 19th century. Based on this cycle, the crop lien system was most economically advantageous for what group?

Accepted Answer

bankers and creditors

Answer

large landowners

Answer

small farmers

Answer

industrial workers

Question 16

After Reconstruction, how did the overproduction of cotton impact farmers in South Carolina?

Accepted Answer

It caused prices to drop and pushed farmers further into debt.

Answer

It led to higher prices as more cotton was sold to European nations.

Answer

It created wealth for farmers as demand for cotton increased.

Answer

It reduced support for the goals of the Populist Party.

Question 17

Which party best represented the interests of small farmers in South Carolina in the late 19th century?

Accepted Answer

Democrats

Answer

Populists

Answer

Republicans

Answer

Whigs

Question 18

In what way did the crop lien system hurt farmers?

Accepted Answer

It could lock them into a cycle of debt that was difficult to break free from.

Answer

It prevented them from trying out new crops or new tools.

Answer

It did not allow them to take out loans on credit from any lender.

Answer

It mandated what kind of crops should be planted, and when.

Question 19

How did the overproduction and surplus of cotton affect South Carolina's economy at the turn of the century?

Accepted Answer

It caused a drop in prices, and farmers were unable to make money.

Answer

It forced people to stop farming cotton and switch to farming rice.

Answer

It encouraged people to start steel factories in the state.

Answer

It led to an increase in wealth for landowners.

Question 20

How did the overproduction of crops affect farmers in South Carolina in the early part of the 19th century?

Accepted Answer

Overproduction led to lower prices, causing most farmers to struggle to make enough money.

Answer

Overproduction led to higher prices, causing farmers to make higher profits.

Answer

Overproduction created a surplus, and farmers were able to sell to foreign nations as well as northern manufacturers.

Answer

Overproduction supported the growth of textile mills, and farmers were able to sell enough cotton to get out of debt.

Question 21

Why did Governor Ben Tillman support the establishment of Clemson College?

Accepted Answer

He wanted to have a place for farmers to learn better agricultural practices.

Answer

He wanted to establish the institution for higher learning in the state.

Answer

He felt the state needed a school for African American students to attend.

Answer

He believed the state needed a school to teach politicians how to govern.

Question 22

Why were farmers in South Carolina supportive of the Populist Movement?

Accepted Answer

It promoted issues that were important to farmers such as raising crop prices and purchasing new supplies.

Answer

It promoted reinstituting slavery and plantations to boost the South's economy.

Answer

It advocated regulating the shipment of goods between the states in the South.

Answer

It stopped immigrant laborers and sharecroppers from purchasing farms of their own.

Question 23

How did universities like Clemson and South Carolina State affect agriculture in the state?

Accepted Answer

They promoted new farming techniques like crop rotation.

Answer

They discouraged the use of new farming techniques developed outside the South.

Answer

They helped shift the economic focus to manufacturing and mining.

Answer

They encouraged farmers to abandon their lands and focus on starting other ventures.

Question 24

In what way could Benjamin Tillman be considered a Populist?

Accepted Answer

He appealed to the common man over the elite.

Answer

He supported the expansion of big business.

Answer

He used tactics similar to those of political machines.

Answer

He promoted racist beliefs through his speeches.

Question 25

Why was Clemson University established?

Accepted Answer

to educate farmers on the most productive crop management methods

Answer

to give students a cheaper alternative to the University of South Carolina

Answer

to educate Confederate war veterans

Answer

to train students to become ministers and preachers

Question 26

In South Carolina, which political party were white farmers most likely to join in the 1890s?

Accepted Answer

Democratic Party

Answer

Reform Party

Answer

Progressive Party

Answer

Republican Party

Question 27

Which event had a positive effect on agricultural production in South Carolina during the 1880s and 1890s?

Accepted Answer

the establishment of Clemson University

Answer

the 1893 Sea Islands hurricane

Answer

the shift away from Carolina gold rice

Answer

the 1886 Charleston earthquake

Question 28

This is an excerpt from the Morrill Act passed by Congress in 1862:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                And be it further enacted, that all monies derived from the sale of the lands…shall be used by each state for the support and maintenance of at least one college where the leading objective will be…to teach branches of learning related to agriculture…."
                                                                                                                                                                                                            
What action was taken by Governor Ben Tillman to implement this act in South Carolina?

Accepted Answer

He advocated for the establishment of Clemson University.

Answer

He added agriculture to the curriculum of public schools.

Answer

He temporarily closed down the University of South Carolina.

Answer

He issued an order to desegregate all colleges and universities.

Question 29

This chart lists several demands of the Populist Party. Which demand would complete this chart?

Accepted Answer

free coinage of silver

Answer

desegregation of unions

Answer

tax cuts for the wealthy

Answer

protective tariffs

Question 30

Which statement would most likely  have been made by Ben Tillman?

Accepted Answer

The government must support the common farmer by allowing the farmer to have more voice in government.

Answer

South Carolina has enough colleges and universities; there is no need to establish more.

Answer

Agriculture is a dying industry; farmers need to industrialize if they want to survive.

Answer

Allowing African American sharecroppers to vote will help farmers win the representation they need.

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