The Renaissance and Reformation

(13.1) an intellectual movement at the heart of the Renaissance that focused on eduction and the classics

(13.1) study of subjects such as grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and history, that were taught in ancient Greece and Rome

(13.1) pg. 411; a Florentine who lived in 1300's, an early Renaissance humanist, poet and scholar; assembled a library of Greek and Roman manuscripts in monasteries and churches; enabled the works of Cicero, Homer and Virgil to become know to Western Europeans

(13.1) a city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center of the Italian Renaissance

(13.1) a person who provides financial support for the arts

(13.1) artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a three-dimensional effect

(13.1) pg. 414; artist from 1452-1519; dissected corpses to learn how bones and muscles work; paintings has realism; Mona Lisa, Last Supper; experimented with new types of paint;

(13.1) pg. 414-415; artist from 1475-1564; sculptor, engineer, painter, architect and poet; "melancholy genius" his works reflect life long spiritual and artistic struggles; marble master pieces such as David - David and Goliath;Pietá; Pietá shows the sorrow of Mary as she cradles her dead son Jesus; series of murals that decorate the ceilings of the Sistine Chapel in Rome - took 4 years to complete; talented architect also- design dome of St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome- many structures modeled off it like the US Captial building

(13.1) pg. 415; 1483-1520; artistic talent and sweet and gracious nature; painted blending Christian and classic styles; know for Madonna painting - tender portrayal of mother of Jesus; The School of Athens is a painting showing an imaginary gathering of great thinkers and scientist

(13.1) pg. 416; wrote The Book of the Courtier - describes the manners, skills, learning and virtues that a member of the court should have - well educated, well-mannered aristocrat who mastered many field, from poetry to music to supports; ideal male - active, good at games, not a gambler, plays music, knows literature and history; ideal woman - offers a balance to men, graceful, kind, lively, reserved, beautiful

(13.1) pg. 416; wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain power; wrote The Prince, looked at at real rulers in an age of ruthless power; told rulers to use whatever means necessary to achieve their goal

(13.2) pg. 418; 1455 from Mainz, Germany, printed first Bible on a printing press; printing press transformed Europe - was hand written prior; more books so more readers

(13.2) a region that included parts of present day northern France, Belgium and the Netherlands; was an important industrial and financial center of northern Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance

(13.2) pg. 419; German painter; 1494; artists studied under Italian masters for Renaissance; called "Leonardo of the North"; applied painting techniques to engraving

(13.2) art for in which an artist etches a design on a metal plate with acid and then uses the plate to make multiple prints