Transition Word Quiz

UOI 2 Vocab quiz P1 (English word-Chinese translation)

Can you make me a 40 question quiz from the following information? he story of coffee has all the elements of a bestselling novel, such as chance happenings, luck, political intrigue, the high seas and great wealth. With research, you will find many stories and dates when this happened and dates when that happened. Often these stories and dates will conflict with each other. Whatever the history, coffee has become one of the most important trading commodities in the world. Being second only to oil and being one of the most popular beverages, behind tea, beer and of course, water. Coffee growing is a very labour-intensive operation and it provides important trading income for many nations and people throughout the world. The most famous story about the origin of coffee is the story of Kaldi a goat herder from Ethiopia. It is said he noticed that his goats became very active after eating the red berries of a certain plant. He tried a few himself and noticed the stimulating effect of the berries. It is then said that monks started drinking a beverage made from the berries to help stay awake for the prayers; this would have been around 1000 AD. Over the next few hundred years the Arab world started to use the berries as a beverage and coffee was born. In those early years, coffee was mostly confined to the Muslim world with the export of coffee plants and seeds banned. But coffee could not be hidden forever so eventually coffee was introduced to Constantinople and coffee houses were opened in 1475. European traders then brought coffee back to Europe by approximately 1600. At first, coffee was met with a hostile reaction, with some Christians calling it the ‘Devil’s Drink’ and asking Pope Vincent III to ban the beverage. He tried coffee and liked it so much that he is claimed to have said “This beverage is so delicious that it would be a sin to let only misbelievers drink it! Let’s defeat Satan by blessing this beverage, which contains nothing objectionable to a Christian!” Coffee shops sprung up in every city and became an important social and networking place to meet. This tradition continues today with the French word for coffee being ‘Café’. Coffee is said to have changed the social fabric of society by providing a popular non-alcoholic alternative to beer and wine. For the first time in recorded history people were not drunk all the time. Coffee today is grown and enjoyed worldwide and is one of the few crops that small farmers in third-world countries can profitably export. The coffee plant is a tree that is pruned to grow to a height of approximately three metres. This makes cultivating the beans easier as most of the beans are handpicked. The plant has white flowers similar to jasmine that grow in clusters and set to become red cherry-like fruit; beneath the red skin are two pips which are the coffee beans. Because the berries ripen at varying times the fruit must be handpicked to select only those beans ripe for harvest. This requires the picker to pick from the same plant many times and is very labour intensive. This is why coffee is grown in developing countries where labour is cheaper and foreign income is needed. Coffee plants grow best in a mountain tropical climate between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer. This mountainous land is another reason why machine picking is very difficult and hand picking is preferred. There are two main species of coffee grown today: Coffee Arabica. Coffee Robusta. Robusta grows at lower altitudes and produces a larger crop than Arabica; therefore, it is cheaper to produce Arabica is the most popular and generally considered to give superior flavour. Most Robusta is grown in Asia and Africa. About 75% of coffee grown is Arabica and 25% Robusta. Robusta is more often used as a blend with Arabica rather than a standalone coffee; used as a filler coffee in the production of instant or to add extra caffeine to an Arabica coffee for the European markets. Robusta is higher in caffeine than Arabica, but the flavour is not as palatable as the more popular Arabica bean. Coffee is produced in about 60 countries throughout the world but production is dominated by three countries producing approximately half the crop: Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia.

Transition Word Practice

______ the sun set, the temperature began to drop. A) After B) While C) Since She studied all night for her test. ______, she was confident when she walked into class. A) Meanwhile B) As a result C) Before We arrived at the park early. ______, we set up our picnic and waited for the others to arrive. A) First B) Later C) Then The alarm rang loudly. ______, I jumped out of bed and rushed to get ready. A) Before B) Immediately C) Eventually The Wright brothers made their first successful flight in 1903. ______, air travel has advanced significantly. A) Since then B) Before C) Meanwhile Example Paragraphs (Choose the Best Transition Word) Cooking Instructions First, preheat the oven to 375°F. ______, mix the flour, sugar, and baking powder in a large bowl. Next, add the eggs and milk, stirring until smooth. (Options: Then, Before, While) Historical Events The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. ______, the United States officially became a separate nation from Britain. (Options: As a result, Before, However) Personal Narrative I packed my bags and headed to the airport. ______, I realized I had forgotten my passport at home. (Options: Later, Suddenly, Before) Daily Routine Every morning, I wake up at 6 AM. ______, I brush my teeth and make a cup of coffee. (Options: First, Afterward, Meanwhile) Science Explanation The caterpillar forms a chrysalis. ______, it undergoes metamorphosis and transforms into a butterfly. (Options: Eventually, Meanwhile, Before)

Write questions similar to ______ the sun set, the temperature began to drop. A) After B) While C) Since She studied all night for her test. ______, she was confident when she walked into class. A) Meanwhile B) As a result C) Before We arrived at the park early. ______, we set up our picnic and waited for the others to arrive. A) First B) Later C) Then The alarm rang loudly. ______, I jumped out of bed and rushed to get ready. A) Before B) Immediately C) Eventually The Wright brothers made their first successful flight in 1903. ______, air travel has advanced significantly. A) Since then B) Before C) Meanwhile Example Paragraphs (Choose the Best Transition Word) Cooking Instructions First, preheat the oven to 375°F. ______, mix the flour, sugar, and baking powder in a large bowl. Next, add the eggs and milk, stirring until smooth. (Options: Then, Before, While) Historical Events The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. ______, the United States officially became a separate nation from Britain. (Options: As a result, Before, However) Personal Narrative I packed my bags and headed to the airport. ______, I realized I had forgotten my passport at home. (Options: Later, Suddenly, Before) Daily Routine Every morning, I wake up at 6 AM. ______, I brush my teeth and make a cup of coffee. (Options: First, Afterward, Meanwhile) Science Explanation The caterpillar forms a chrysalis. ______, it undergoes metamorphosis and transforms into a butterfly. (Options: Eventually, Meanwhile, Before)

Transition words and Word choice

Juncture, in linguistics, is the manner of moving (transition) or mode of relationship between two consecutive sounds in which a listener can distinguish between two otherwise identical sequences of sounds that have different meanings. PLUS JUNCTURE This is known as open juncture, this is subdivided into internal open juncture and external open juncture. CLOSE JUNCTURE Also known as a normal transition, this is a transition between segments (sounds) within a word. TERMINAL JUNCTURE Also known as falling, clause terminal or terminal contour, this is the juncture at the end of a clause or utterance with falling pitches before a silence.

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