You are treating and transporting a 40-year-old male involved in an MVA with a possible closed head injury. He is conscious but confused. During your evaluation, you discover the patient is a diabetic with a current BGL of 70. he is breathing at 26 respirations per minute and regular with a current SpO2 of 92%; his heart rate is 110, his blood pressure is 90 systolic, and he is complaining of a severe headache. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate?

Your trauma patient sustained a large laceration to her left thigh that was bleeding profusely on your arrival, but now the bleeding is controlled with a bulky pressure dressing. The patient is confused, pale, and found to have a blood pressure of 90 systolic just after the injury was treated. After medical intervention and treatment for shock, the patient's blood pressure continues to fall. Which of the following MOST LIKELY caused this to occur?

A patient is experiencing a possible neurological emergency from a blunt force closed head injury. He is found to have abnormal pupillary reactions to light and has lost the ability to move his eyes from side to side to follow your finger movements. He is also unable to identify the number of fingers you are holding up. He reports he is able to see the fingers but is not able to focus enough to identify how many fingers are present. Which of the following cranial nerves should you suspect may be involved in his injury?

Your adult trauma patient may be experiencing the adverse effects of a crush injury that triggered the sudden release of high levels of histamine. What would this usually cause?

Your adult trauma patient remains entrapped and may be experiencing the signs and symptoms of crush syndrome after having his right leg buried in dirt at a commercial construction site for an extended period. If so, which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate before compressive forces are released?

While performing a cranial nerve assessment on a patient, what is the reason for having him look straight ahead and follow your outstretched finger with his eyes only?

Your suspected chest trauma patient is found to be hypotensive with the classic signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock. He is also complaining of severe abdominal dissension and pain on palpation. What should be the target range for this patient's blood pressure in the pre-hospital setting?

Your adult patient was injured with steam and hot liquid from an overheated vehicle's radiator. He sustained a partial-thickness burn with blisters and reddening of the skin of his entire anterior chest wall excluding his groin and anterior aspects of both arms and palms. He denies shortness of breath or any current medical complaints. Your exam reveals no other injuries or burns, and your patient remains calm. According to the rule of nines, what percentage of the victim's total body surface area (TBSA) was burned?

A 23-year-old patient is complaining of shortness of breath. During a pre-hospital evaluation of this patient, which of the following would give the paramedic good look at the patient's overall tissue perfusion?

Your adult trauma patient is showing the signs and symptoms of shock following a closed-head injury, but you are unsure if the shock state is due to a neurological or hemorrhagic problem. Which of the following findings should lead you to believe the patient may be experiencing neurogenic instead of hemorrhagic shock?

The cardiovascular system is divided into three categories, which are sometimes referred to as the "Perfusion Triangle." Which of the following is not a compartment of the "Perfusion Triangle?"

The pre-hospital pharmacological treatment of head injury with increased intracranial pressure is controversial. However, some medical control physicians may recommend the administration of which of the following medications to decrease cerebral edema?

In compensated shock states, the body attempts to maintain a viable blood pressure when a decrease in circulating blood volume is detected. How does the body initially respond to the decreased volume?

You are treating and transporting a 26-year-old female involved in an MVA. She has multiple injuries, but all associated hemorrhage is controlled. The patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock. During treatment and transport, you infuse one liter of lactated Ringer's solution, and the patient remains hypotensive. Once at the hospital, which of the following is MOST LIKELY to be administered immediately upon arrival?

Which of the following is a potentially life-threatening emergency that most often occurs with injuries above T4 to T6 and results from the loss of parasympathetic stimulation?

You are called to assist a 55-year-old male who possibly sustained a snake bite. On arrival, your patient is calm but concerned that a poisonous snake envenomation may have occurred. He states the bite took place less than 15 minutes prior to your arrival. He has two fang marks with minimal bleeding noted on his right lower leg, posteriorly. His vitals remain within normal limits while his skin tone/color is unchanged. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate after ensuring an adequate airway, breathing, circulation, and initiating oxygen therapy?

Your adult trauma patient sustained a large deep laceration to his right thigh, which is spurting bright red blood. He is conscious and alert but beginning to show the signs of hypovolemia. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate initial intervention?

You are assessing a patient that you suspect is experiencing the adverse effects of a closed-head injury. If so, which of the following will MOST LIKELY be present

You are treating a 38-year-old male who was the driver of a small SUV that impacted a full-sized truck head-on. First responders have your patient secured to a long spine board with c-collar in place. Your patient is anxious and complaining of difficulty breathing. There is a notable bruising to the right chest. Vital signs are BP 149/99, HR 138, RR 28, shallow. Which of the following is your patient MOST LIKELY suffering from?

When a tension pneumothorax patient requires pre-hospital intervention to maintain an adequate cardiac output, which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate the patient may be in need of pre-hospital needle decompression?