This species, one of the earliest members of the genus Homo, has a slightly larger braincase and smaller face and teeth than in Australopithecus or older hominin species. Its name, which means „handy man‟, was given in 1964 because this species was thought to represent the first maker of stone tools.

Remains of one of the most recently discovered early human species (nicknamed "Hobbit‟), have so far only been found on the Island of Flores, Indonesia

An American sociologist, argued that human society undergoes transformation and evolution and, in the process, develops technological advancement.

The oldest and most basic way of economic subsistence. People hunt and gather food for survival.

The production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery. Water power and then steam boilers to operate mills and factories filled with large machines

The final stage of cultural evolution or technological development.

It is defined as lifelong process of social interaction.

Learning of values, norms, cultural symbols, and language through observation and interaction with family, friends, teachers and other members of the society.

It may be defined as a measure of goodness or desirability

Are generally known as correct or proper forms of behavior. These are specific prescriptions of how an individual ought to behave to be consistent with values of the contemporary society

Are reactions from others to the behavior of an individual or group, which has the aim of ensuring that a given norm is strictly adhered to or followed.

Are given by government agencies like police, courts. It can be positive or negative

The process of altering one’s thoughts and actions to adapt to accepted behavior within one’s group or society.

It is the process of outwardly conforming to social pressure but privately disagreeing with it.

It is the process of accepting the social norms, attitudes, roles, and values transmitted by people and social groups within society as one’s own.

Includes criminal violation of formally-enacted laws. Examples include robbery, theft, rape, murder, and assault.

A collection of individuals who have relations with one another that make them interdependent to some significant degree.

A small, intimate, and less specialized group whereby members engage in face-to-face and emotion-based interaction and interdependence over an extended period of time.

As a group to which an individual compares himself or herself. It has a strong influence on an individual’s beliefs, values, behavior, and attitudes.

Is a group to which one does not belong and to which he or she may feel a sense of competitiveness or hostility