Uni 1-3
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29 questions
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- Q1An atom's structure consists of specific subatomic particles. Which statement accurately describes the location and charge of these components?The nucleus contains only neutral neutrons. Positive protons and negative electrons orbit the outside.The atom's core contains negative electrons and positive protons. Neutral neutrons orbit this nucleus.Positive protons orbit a nucleus made of negative electrons and neutral neutrons.The nucleus has positive protons and neutral neutrons. Negative electrons orbit this central core.30s
- Q2Two atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, resulting in different atomic masses. What are these atoms called?They are called isomers, which are molecules that share the same chemical formula but have different structures.They are called isotopes, atoms of the same element that differ only in their number of neutrons in the nucleus.They are called ions, which are atoms that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in an electrical charge.They are called compounds, as the change in neutrons creates a completely new chemical substance.30s
- Q3A chemical bond forms when one atom completely transfers one or more electrons to another atom, creating oppositely charged ions that attract. What is this bond called?A covalent bond, in which the atoms share electrons equally between them instead of transferring them.A hydrogen bond, which is a weak attraction between molecules, not a strong bond involving electron transfer.An ionic bond, which results from the electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.A van der Waals force, a very weak, temporary interaction that does not involve forming permanent ions.30s
- Q4The polarity of water molecules causes them to attract each other. What is this weak attraction between a positive hydrogen and a negative oxygen atom of another molecule?Ionic bond, a strong bond formed by the complete transfer of electrons between water molecules.Covalent bond, a strong bond formed by sharing electrons directly within a single water molecule.Hydrophobic interaction, which is a repulsion of nonpolar substances, not an attraction between water molecules.Hydrogen bond, a weak attraction between the slightly positive hydrogen of one molecule and the oxygen of another.30s
- Q5Nonpolar substances like oil do not mix with polar substances like water because they are repelled by water molecules. What term describes this "water-hating" property?Polarity, a property of molecules with uneven charge distribution, which would allow them to mix with water.Ionic, which describes charged particles that typically dissolve easily in a polar solvent like water.Hydrophobic, a "water-hating" property of nonpolar substances that do not dissolve in water.Hydrophilic, a "water-loving" property of polar substances that readily dissolve in water.30s
- Q6Consuming saturated fats in excess can lead to which of the following health issues?An increase in "Good" HDL cholesterolA reduction in bodily inflammationStabilization of heart rhythmsplaque buildup in arteries30s
- Q7Which of the following is listed as a primary health benefit of consuming unsaturated fats?They increase "Bad" LDL cholesterol.They increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.They help reduce inflammation and support brain health.They are needed in large amounts for hormone production.30s
- Q8Which of the following is primarily a source of saturated fat?ButterOlive oilWalnutsAvocados30s
- Q9What is the direct health outcome of replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats in one's diet?A reduced risk of heart diseaseAn increased risk of plaque buildupLower levels of "Good" HDL cholesterolNo significant health benefit30s
- Q10What is the essential function of phospholipids in the body?They are a primary source of dietary energy.They form the structural bilayer of cell membranes.They regulate blood sugar levels.They increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.30s
- Q11Proteins (蛋⽩质) are polymers. What are the individual units, or monomers, that are joined together by peptide bonds (肽键) to form these polymers?Fatty AcidsMonosaccharidesAmino Acids (氨基酸)Nucleotides30s
- Q12Hormones like insulin and adrenaline transmit signals between cells to coordinate bodily processes. To which functional class of proteins do they belong?Defensive ProteinsMessenger ProteinsStructural ProteinsEnzymatic Proteins30s
- Q13Collagen, found in muscles and bones, and keratin, which forms hair and skin, are examples of which type of protein?Messenger ProteinsStructural ProteinsTransport and Storage ProteinsEnzymatic Proteins30s
- Q14Which of the following best describes the function of defensive proteins, such as antibodies?They speed up chemical reactions in the body.They identify and neutralize harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses.They carry essential molecules like oxygen throughout the body.They provide physical structure and support for tissues.30s
- Q15Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the blood, and ferritin is a protein that stores iron. These proteins are classified as:Structural ProteinsDefensive ProteinsTransport and Storage ProteinsMessenger Proteins30s