Question 1

Codex Mendoza

Accepted Answer

a collection of histories and tributes of the Native Americans paid to the Spanish crown

Question 2

Horticulture

Accepted Answer

agriculture with small land and simple tools

Question 3

Maize

Accepted Answer

corn cultivated in present day Mexico

Question 4

Three Sisters crops

Accepted Answer

corn, bean and squash

Question 5

Three most significant tribes

Accepted Answer

Maya, Aztecs, and Incas

Question 6

Pueblo people

Accepted Answer

smaller tribe used a hunting spear called the atlatl

Question 7

Cliff Palace

Accepted Answer

Inhabited by Pueblo people and grew the Three Sisters

Question 8

Many tribes were similar in 3 ways:

Accepted Answer

Reliance on Three Sisters, equality for women, struggles with droughts and deforestation

Question 9

Which European country dominated most Mediterranean trade?

Accepted Answer

Italy

Question 10

Missionaries

Accepted Answer

religious people who traveled with the goal of converting foreigners and were able to help Spain and Portugal

Question 11

Caravels

Accepted Answer

ships used by the Portugese, specifically for traveling west African coast

Question 12

Astrolabe

Accepted Answer

tool used for navigation that was improved by Portugese

Question 13

Portugese were able to trade:

Accepted Answer

gold, ivory, and slaves

Question 14

Inquisition

Accepted Answer

initiated in Spain in 1478 by Ferdinand and Isabella to expel Jews from Spain

Question 15

This person, represented by Spain, wanted to sail west to Asia to discover trade routes away from Portugal and Italy but instead discovered the Americas

Accepted Answer

Christopher Columbus

Question 16

Columbus returned to Spain with

Accepted Answer

samples of gold jewelry the natives wore and enslaved Native Americans

Question 17

After Spain discovered America,

Accepted Answer

Portugal went to Brazil, and England and France to North America

Question 18

Who split Latin America between Portugal and Spain?

Accepted Answer

Pope Alexander VI

Question 19

Great Dying

Accepted Answer

many deaths of the Native Americans because they lacked immunity to European germs and diseases

Question 20

Native Americans showed the Europeans...

Accepted Answer

corn, silver, gold, tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco, and cacao

Question 21

Europeans showed the Native Americans...

Accepted Answer

rice, wheat, rye, oats, lemons, oranges, and domesticated animals

Question 22

Conquistadores

Accepted Answer

Spanish and Portugese explorers

Question 23

feudalism

Accepted Answer

European hierarchy system in which peasants worked under nobles to receive military protection which was ended by the wealth of the Columbian exchange

Question 24

Capitalism

Accepted Answer

began after Columbian exchange and included private businesses, ownership of property, and the open exchange of goods

Question 25

Aristocrats

Accepted Answer

Highest class in society

Question 26

Where did most Spanish riches go?

Accepted Answer

aristocrats and merchants

Question 27

Why did the Dutch benefit so much from Spanish money?

Accepted Answer

The Spanish bought their ships in order to explore, then paid them with their newfound riches

Question 28

Encomienda system

Accepted Answer

a form of slavery for the natives introduced to the Caribbean by Columbus in which Spanish received natives' labor and land

Question 29

Requerimiento

Accepted Answer

Legal document by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1513 read by Spanish conquistadores to the natives claiming Catholic Church and Spanish crown authority, and anyone who refused faced punishments such as slavery

Question 30

Enslaved women mostly worked in....

Accepted Answer

cotton fields and slave owners' houses

Question 31

Spanish conquistadores' success was caused by

Accepted Answer

Advanced military strategy and resources as well as the spread of diseases

Question 32

Quinto Real

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand and Isabella took 20% of wealth made in their colonies, nobles benefited, poor suffered, and inflation rose

Question 33

What did Spaniards base taxation on?

Accepted Answer

ethnicity

Question 34

Spanish caste system

Accepted Answer

16th century hierarchy system that represented status of diverse populations in which Europeans privileged themselves, since the ranking was mostly based on ethnicity, as well as wealth and education

Question 35

Spanish caste system LISTING from 1st to 6th

Accepted Answer

1 peninsulares: Spaniards, 2 criollos: Spaniards living in colonies, 3 mestizos: mixed Spanish and native parents, 4 mulattos: mixed Spanish and African parents, 5 negros: Africans, 6 indios: Native Americans

Question 36

During the 15th and 16th centuries, where were Europeans most active in slave trade?

Accepted Answer

North Africa

Question 37

mission system

Accepted Answer

system established by Spain in 1573 in which missionaries, instead of soldiers, led settlements in an attempt to convert the natives

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