Question 1

What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A pure substance is made up of only one type of substance, while a mixture is made up of multiple substances.

Answer

A pure substance cannot be separated into its components, while a mixture can be separated.

Answer

A pure substance is always a gas, while a mixture can be a solid, liquid, or gas.

Answer

A pure substance is always a liquid, while a mixture can be a solid, liquid, or gas.

Question 2

Summarize the Venn diagram.

Accepted Answer

Atoms are the most basic form of matter. They combine to form larger electrically stable compounds.

Answer

A pure substance may contain subatomic particles but not atoms.

Answer

Compounds are found inside the matter of atoms.

Answer

Compounds are the most basic form of matter. They combine to form larger atoms.

Question 3

Which image(s) would be considered pure substances?

Accepted Answer

III and V

Answer

V

Answer

I and II

Answer

II and IV

Question 4

Elaborate on how to classify elements and pure compounds.

Accepted Answer

Elements and pure compounds are homogeneous materials because they have a uniform composition throughout.

Answer

They are heterogeneous materials because they do not have a uniform composition or appearance throughout.

Answer

These materials are homogeneous mixtures because they have a uniform composition throughout.

Answer

These can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous materials based on the individual solubility of each.

Question 5

To make salt water a heterogeneous mixture, you would have to

Accepted Answer

add sand.

Answer

remove the salt.

Answer

boil the water.

Answer

add a small amount of sugar

Question 6

When a substance such as ice melts, its temperature increases. Describe what happens to the arrangement of the water molecules as the temperature increases

Accepted Answer

Water molecules become less orderly and they spread apart.

Answer

Water molecules lose all contact with one another and intermolecular forces are non- existent.

Answer

The kinetic energy of the water molecules decreases proportionally to the temperature change

Answer

Water molecules separate into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Question 7

The circle on the left shows a magnified view of a very small portion of liquid water in a closed container. What would the magnified view show after the water evaporates?

Accepted Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/2e5d96de-6972-4ba4-9f57-b77e15c65cec/question/02686b06cc7ea9a3e20c4d1dfd2fe4c9b4e791f3.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/2e5d96de-6972-4ba4-9f57-b77e15c65cec/question/66523b70acb8d048dc4fd7d0a8012dc717f483f3.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/2e5d96de-6972-4ba4-9f57-b77e15c65cec/question/0cb8e2382eaf09869103b142c06641d93706cf99.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/2e5d96de-6972-4ba4-9f57-b77e15c65cec/question/6ea9a054197ca1e33f13c30c0c3bd825fcf7d965.png

Question 8

Elaborate on the reason(s) that matter is said to move even as in a solid state.

Accepted Answer

The particles are not able to move out of their positions relative to one another, but do have small vibrational movements

Answer

The particles have sufficient energy to become an ionized gas and are in the most common state of matter in the universe.

Answer

The particles are bound through intermolecular forces but are able to move past each other with relative freedom.

Answer

The particles are not bound to one another, move quickly, have a low density, and are able to spread apart from one another if unconstrained

Question 9

Arrange the substances in the table from the MOST to the LEAST ordered particle arrangement.

Accepted Answer

wood, water, neon gas

Answer

water, wood, neon gas

Answer

water, neon gas, wood

Answer

wood, neon gas, water

Question 10

When she dropped a rock into a graduated cylinder of water, Veronica noticed it sank to the bottom. She decided to investigate what it would do if she tossed it into a much larger amount of water. When she tossed it into a lake, the rock sank again. Which statement best explained why this happened?

Accepted Answer

The density of a substance is the same regardless of the amount.

Answer

The rock was already wet from being submerged in the graduated cylinder of water.

Answer

The lake had become less dense because of heavy rains in the past month.

Answer

An object's density changes based on the amount of substance in which it is submerged.

Question 11

A student wants to conduct an investigation that will determine a physical property of an unknown substance. Which of these procedures would best measure a physical property of the unknown sample?

Accepted Answer

1. Place the sample in a resealable, zip-top bag

2. Firmly close the zip-top bag

3. Lightly tap the sample with a hammer

4. Observe if the sample dents, breaks, or shatters

5. Record your observations

Answer

1. Break the sample into a fine powder

2. Add the powder to a 500 mL beaker

3. Add 300 mL of water to the beaker and use to stirring rod to mix

4. Using a dropper, add 4 drops of universal pH indicator to the solution

5.Observe any color change in the sample

6. Record your observations

Answer

1. Create an acidic solution by adding 5 mL vinegar to 100 mL water

2. Place the sample into the acidic solution

3. Observe if the sample begins to fizz in the solution

4. Record your observations

Answer

1. Using tongs, hold the sample over a flame

2. Observe if the sample catches on fire

3. Record your observations

Question 12

You measure an unknown substance with litmus paper and determine it to be a strong acid. Where would you place this property in the Venn diagram?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

D

Question 13

Atom A has an atomic number of 19 and mass number of 40. Atom B has an atomic number of 20 and a mass number of 40. Which of these is an accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

Atom A has one less proton and one more neutron than Atom B.

Answer

Atom A has more protons than Atom B.

Answer

Atom A has an extra nucleon compared to Atom B.

Answer

Atom A has one more proton and one more electron than Atom B

Question 14

The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by atomic number, into families, and by doing so illustrates the periodic properties of the elements. Scan the periodic table from left to right. What trends among the properties of elements are apparent? All BUT ONE could apply.

Accepted Answer

reactive to nonreactive

Answer

solid to gas

Answer

metal to metalloid to non-metal

Answer

increasing number of outer-shell electrons

Question 15

Neutrons are found in the nucleus and separate the other particles so that the strong force can hold the nucleus together. Which particles are positively charged and need to be separated so that they don't repel?

Accepted Answer

protons

Answer

neutrons

Answer

quarks

Answer

electrons

Question 16

Maria and Carla were hiking when Maria tripped, fell, and sprained her ankle. Carla took out the first-aid kit and unwrapped a cold pack. Carla popped a vial that was inside the cold pack. The pack began to get icy cold and Carla applied the pack to Maria's ankle. What kind of reaction occurred in the cold pack? What evidence supports your answer?

Accepted Answer

It is a chemical change because heat energy is absorbed and the pack gets colder.

Answer

It is a chemical change because two different chemicals are mixed together.

Answer

It is a physical change because the substance in the vial dissolved in the pack's liquid

Answer

It is a physical change as evidenced by a drop in temperature.

Question 17

Ben and Sam were conducting experiments on physical and chemical changes in science class. First they added some salt to water and stirred it up until the salt dissolved. "That's a physical change" Ben said. "And that's a solution which is a mixture", added Sam. Next they added an anti-acid tablet to some water. The water began to fizz and bubble. The beaker got cooler. "That's a physical change too," Ben noted. "No, it's not," responded Sam. Who is correct and where should the contents of the beaker be placed in the Venn diagram?

Accepted Answer

Sam is correct. It is a chemical change and the contents should be in D. for compound.

Answer

Ben is correct. It is a physical change and it is a solution, placing it in B. as a mixture.

Answer

They are both correct. It is a mixture and a compound and the contents should be placed in C.

Answer

Sam is correct. It is not a physical change and it should be placed in A.

Question 18

glass shattering into pieces

bubblegum being stretched

a piece of metal expanding due to heat

These are all examples of

Accepted Answer

physical changes.

Answer

temperature changes

Answer

chemical changes

Answer

phase changes

Question 19

While studying chemical reactions and conservation of matter, Sarah's class conducted a variety of experiments. Sarah and her lab partner found the mass of a wax candle and placed the candle in a flask. The students lit the candle and let it burn to completion. All that was left was wax and charred candle wick. Per their teacher's instructions, the students found the mass of the products. Their data can be seen in the data table. Formulate a hypothesis the students could test to explain why the experiment did not support the law of conservation of matter.

Accepted Answer

The students should burn the candle in a container that has some type of lid so that any gas that is a product of the reaction can be contained and massed.

Answer

The students could repeat the experiment using different candles; there might have been a flaw in the candle

Answer

The students should have someone in the class check their measurement skills as they repeat the experiment. They may have made an error using the balance.

Answer

The experiment should be repeatable. The students should run several trials and then take an average of the after mass in each trial.

Question 20

If water with the mass of 15.0 grams is heated into water vapor in a closed system such as a closed glass jar, what is the mass of the gas after the water completely evaporates?

Accepted Answer

15.0 grams

Answer

16.5 grams

Answer

The mass cannot be determined without knowing the volume.

Answer

13.5 grams

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