the first map projection - made for sailors, distorts the poles.

The study of the surface of the earth and how humans interact with Earth - including physical characteristics, climates, landscapes, and biological environment.

First use use the word "Geographica" Estimated size of Earth at 25,000 miles.

First European to round the Cape of Good Hope

Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)

Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.

Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Philippines.

map-maker / the production of maps

a book of maps and charts, first made in 1585.

people who study and write about the human past, rely on written documents to reconstruct the past.

Common Era, replaces AD

Before Common Era

first writing system of pictographs to represent words was developed by:

involved wedge-shaped symbols pressed onto clay with a reed.

Greek Historian, considered the father of History. He came from a Greek community in Anatolia and traveled extensively, collecting information in western Asia and the Mediterranean lands.

wrote of the destruction of Pompeii and Herculaneum

Greek for "Inquiries" or "Researches"

studied tribes of Samoan Islanders to learn their civilization - fooled by tribes.

A scientist who studies human development and culture "study of man"

studied chimpanzees to try and learn about human behavior.

requires Native American remains to be returned to tribes, challenged with Kennewick man found by James Chatters.

a scientist who learns about ancient people by studying the things they left behind (rubbish)

Created at a scale of approximately 1 to 240, the map was detailed enough to show the floor plans of nearly every temple, bath, and insula in the central Roman city. The boundaries of the plan were decided based on the available space on the marble, instead of by geographical or political borders

excavated the city of Ur - including making a plaster cast of a hole to create a lyre from the period of Ur.

developed radiocarbon dating

Archaeologists use this test to determine the date/age of organic artifacts.

the period of time before written records

(750,000 BCE - 10,000 B.C.E.) Old Stone Age. A period of time in human history characterized by the use of stone tools and the use of hunting and gathering as a food source.

"New Stone Age"; About 10,000 years ago marked by advances in the production of stone tools. Shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture

The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

where agriculture developed, oldest city found.