Question 1

The Intolerable Acts of 1774 were the British Parliament’s response to the colonists’ __________.

Accepted Answer

The Boston Tea Party and the subsequent refusal to pay for the damages

Answer

refusal to allow British merchant vessels into North American harbors

Answer

plan to negotiate their own free trade agreements with France

Answer

refusal to pay the required tithe to the Church of England

Question 2

In what way did Thomas Paine’s publication of Common Sense shape public opinion at a critical juncture during the Revolutionary War period?

Accepted Answer

Paine’s publication promoted separation from British rule while many Americans, including the Second Continental Congress, were still debating whether or not independence was a goal they wanted from the war.

Answer

Divisions within the Second Continental Congress over who should lead the Continental Army were resolved when Paine publicly endorsed George Washington.

Answer

Following the Continental Army’s defeat at Saratoga and considerations of surrender, Paine’s publication reinvigorated the patriot cause.

Answer

Paine’s abolitionist treatise provided justification for arming slaves and allowing them to join the Continental Army.

Question 3

Which statement offers the best explanation of the events that precipitated the American Revolution’s opening battles at Lexington and Concord?

Accepted Answer

While attempting to restore order in Boston, British General Thomas Gage learned the colonial militia was stockpiling weapons in nearby Concord and ordered his troops to secure these weapons.

Answer

The British Parliament ordered General Thomas Gage to arrest the rebellious city leaders of Lexington and Concord, who were the principle distributors of anti-British propaganda.

Answer

British General Thomas Gage was en route to Boston to quell the riots there, as ordered by Parliament, when his army was confronted by colonial militia at Lexington and Concord, preventing him from going any farther.

Answer

General Thomas Gage, who had been serving as royal governor in Boston, fled the city’s riots to nearby Lexington and Concord, and when British troops attempted a rescue, the colonial militia attacked.

Question 4

“What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was no part of the Revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The Revolution was in the minds of the people, and this was effected from 1760 to 1775, in the course of fifteen years, before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington.”

John Adams, former president of the United States, letter to Thomas Jefferson, former president of the United States, 1815

Which of the following factors most directly contradicted Adams’ theory about the Revolution?

Accepted Answer

The existence of considerable Loyalist opposition to the Patriot cause

Answer

The importance of support from European allies in defeating the British

Answer

The importance of colonial military victories in bringing about independence

Answer

The existence of significant social and economic divisions within the colonies

Question 5

“Resolved, That woman is man’s equal....

“Resolved, That woman has too long rested satisfied in the circumscribed limits which corrupt customs... have marked out for her, and that it is time she should move in the enlarged sphere... assigned her.

“Resolved, That it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise.

“Resolved,... That, being invested by the Creator with the same capabilities, and the same consciousness of responsibility for their exercise, it is demonstrably the right and duty of woman, equally with man, to promote every righteous cause, by every righteous means.”

Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (Seneca Falls Convention), 1848

The language and themes of the excerpt were most directly inspired by the

Accepted Answer

Declaration of Independence

Answer

Articles of Confederation

Answer

United States Constitution

Answer

Northwest Ordinance

Question 6

“We are reduced to the alternative of choosing an unconditional submission to the tyranny of irritated ministers, or resistance by force. . . .

“We fight not for glory or for conquest. We exhibit to mankind the remarkable spectacle of a people attacked by unprovoked enemies, without any imputation or even suspicion of offense. They boast of their privileges and civilization, and yet proffer no milder conditions than servitude or death.

“In our own native land, in defense of the freedom . . . , and which we ever enjoyed till the late violation of it—for the protection of our property, acquired solely by the honest industry of our forefathers and ourselves, against violence actually offered, we have taken up arms.”

Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms, July 1775

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to challenge the assertion in the excerpt that British attacks on the colonists had been “unprovoked”?

Accepted Answer

A series of popular boycotts, mob protests, and violence against royal officials

Answer

The extension of a petition of reconciliation by members of the Second Continental Congress

Answer

The outbreak of skirmishes between Patriot and Loyalist forces throughout the southern colonies

Answer

Efforts by Quakers and Germans in the mid-Atlantic colonies to promote pacifism and remain neutral

Question 7

Thus, fellow citizens, have I pointed out what I thought necessary to be amended in our Federal Constitution. I beg you to call to mind our glorious Declaration of Independence, read it, and compare it with the Federal Constitution; what a degree of apostacy will you not then discover. Therefore, guard against all encroachments upon your liberties so dearly purchased with the costly expense of blood and treasure.”

A Georgian, Gazette of the State of Georgia, November 15, 1787

The views expressed in the excerpt contributed most directly to

A Georgian, Gazette of the State of Georgia, November 15, 1787

The views expressed in the excerpt contributed most directly to

Accepted Answer

the addition of the Bill of Rights shortly after the Constitution was adopted

Answer

a series of rebellions and revolutions in France, Haiti, and Latin America

Answer

the creation of a strong central government

Answer

the elimination of the international slave trade

Question 8

In which of the following ways did slavery change in the late 1700s?

Accepted Answer

The ideals of the American Revolution prompted some individuals and groups to call for the abolition of slavery.

Answer

The holding of slaves as property became a symbol of social status in the North

Answer

The argument that slavery was a positive social institution became widely accepted

Answer

The expansion of slavery into the Northwest Territory became a divisive political issue in the new United States.

Question 9

“In exercising the power of regulating their own purely internal affairs, whether of trading or police, the states may sometimes enact laws, the validity of which depends on their interfering with, and being contrary to, an act of Congress passed in pursuance of the Constitution. . . . Should this collision exist, it will be immaterial whether those laws were passed in virtue of a concurrent power to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the several states, or in virtue of a power to regulate their domestic trade and police. . . .

“This court is of opinion that so much of the several laws of the state of New York as prohibits vessels, licensed according to the laws of the United States, from navigating the waters of the state of New York, by means of fire or steam, is repugnant to the said Constitution and void.”

United States Supreme Court, Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824

The opinion expressed in the excerpt most directly addressed which of the following concerns of the early republic?

Accepted Answer

The uncertain relationship between the national government and the states

Answer

The lack of a unified monetary system and a means to collect federal taxes

Answer

The nation’s direction as a manufacturing or an agricultural republic

Answer

The threat of sailors being impressed into foreign navies

Question 10

“[George] Washington’s gratitude was genuine . . . but the fact remains that the members of the association, who had embarked on a very unfeminine enterprise, were ultimately deflected into a traditional domestic role.... Ironically and symbolically, the Philadelphia women of 1780, who had tried to establish an unprecedented nationwide female organization, ended up as what one amused historian has termed ‘General Washington’s Sewing Circle.’

“Male Revolutionary leaders too regarded women’s efforts with wry condescension. . . . The women, on the other hand,... could reflect proudly that ‘whilst our friends were exposed to the hardships and dangers of the fields of war for our protection, we were exerting at home our little labours to administer to their comfort and alleviate their toil.’”

Mary Beth Norton, historian, “The Philadelphia Ladies Association,” American Heritage, 1980

During and immediately after the Revolutionary era, which of the following resulted most directly from the efforts of women such as those described in the excerpt?

Accepted Answer

The ideal that women would teach republican values

Answer

The extension of voting rights to women nationwide

Answer

The creation of a national network of abolitionist societies

Answer

The reform of laws regarding women’s property ownership

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