Unit 4 - Layers of the Earth
Quiz by Rizzotti, Christopher
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- Q1
There are many kinds of volcanoes on Earth's surface. Some spew lava almost constantly and some erupt violently once every few hundred years. However, all volcanoes at some point produce a flow of magma that reaches Earth's surface. Where are active or extinct volcanoes least likely to be found?
in the middle of the ocean
in the middle of a continental plate
on the edge of a continent plate
in a mountain chain
45s - Q2
Where are the newest rocks usually found in Earth’s crust?
along fracture lines
in the abyssal plain
near the continental margins
near mid-oceanic ridges
45s - Q3
The diagram shows the four layers of Earth. In one of these layers, interactions occur that cause crustal plates to move.
In which layer of Earth do these interactions occur?
Layer A
Layer C
Layer D
Layer B
45s - Q4
The Himalayas, a mountain range in Asia, are the highest mountains in the world. These mountains increase in height at a rate of approximately one centimeter per year. They were formed when continental plates collided approximately 40 - 50 million years ago. Which statement best explains why the Himalayas continue to increase in height?
The force of ocean waves is pushing the land up against the mountains.
Earth's continental plates are still colliding.
The high temperatures from Earth's core are increasing pressure under the mountains.
The gravitational force of the Sun is pulling on Earth's surface.
45s - Q5
Earthquakes most often occur in specific regions of the world including the west coasts of the United States and Japan. What do these regions have in common that make earthquakes more likely to occur?
These regions border large oceans.
These regions are close to a moving continental shelf.
These regions are on the edge of a moving crustal plate.
These regions are north of the equator.
45s - Q6
Directions: The picture below shows a diagram of Earth's layers. Use the picture to answer any questions that follow.
What kind of activity is most likely at point X?
massive storms, as the weak crust allows heat to spread from the mantle to the atmosphere and increase ocean temperatures
the formation of large valleys, as the rotation of Earth about its axis causes a downward pull on the plates
earthquakes and volcanoes, as convection in the magma beneath the crust pulls the plates against each other
strong drought, as the movement of material under the crust heats the waterways on the surface, causing them to evaporate
45s - Q7
Directions: The picture below shows a diagram of Earth's layers. Use the picture to answer any questions that follow.
What is happening at point W?
Energy from the Sun heats the crust, causing it to shift and pull the tectonic plates, which uses friction to heat the magma in the mantle.
Water in the mantle is being heated by the hot crust, which causes it to sink toward the core where it cools, the convection circuit pulling the tectonic plates.
Magma in the mantle is being heated by the hot core, causing it to rise toward the crust, then sink as it cools, the convection circuit pulling the tectonic plates.
Energy from the Sun heats the crust, which conducts the heat into the mantle, causing the magma to warm and sink toward the core, pulling the tectonic plates.
45s - Q8
Which of the following lists represents the layers of Earth in order of increasing thickness?
outer core, mantle, inner core, crust
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
crust, inner core, outer core, mantle
45s - Q9
What characteristic of the outer core makes it unique among the layers of Earth?
The outer core is liquid due to intense heat.
The outer core is made of solid iron, giving it a lot of rigidity.
The outer core is the coolest layer of Earth.
The outer core is able to flow, even though it is made of rock.
45s - Q10
Directions: The picture shows a model of Earth's layers. Use the picture to answer any questions that follow.
Which layers compose the lithosphere?
layers 2 and 1
layers 5 and 4
layers 4 and 3
layers 3 and 2
45s - Q11
Which of the following describes the inner core of Earth?
It is loose, primarily composed of silica particles, is under the least amount of pressure, and is between 70 and 200 kilometers thick.
It is made up of mainly of silicon and aluminum, has moderate temperatures, and is only 200 kilometers thick.
It is solid, made up of magnesium and iron, has the lowest temperatures of any layer, and is 2900 kilometers thick.
It is dense, composed primarily of solid iron, is under the most pressure with the highest temperatures, and is 1250 kilometers thick.
45s - Q12
Which layer consists of Earth's crust and upper mantle divided into tectonic plates?
hydrosphere
atmosphere
asthenosphere
lithosphere
45s - Q13
The diagram shows the layers of Earth.
What is layer D?
outer core
upper mantle
lower mantle
inner core
45s - Q14
Which of the following is the best advantage of using models?
Models are completely accurate accounts of the object or event represented.
Models behave exactly like objects or events represented.
Models include all details of the object or event represented.
Models are very helpful in communicating ideas to people.
45s - Q15
A tsunami is a very large and often dangerous wave. Tsunamis are created when earthquake energy is released on the ocean floor. The epicenter of an earthquake is the spot directly above where it occurs in Earth’s crust. The energy from the earthquake pushes up the column of water above the epicenter. This upward push of energy from the ocean floor creates a tsunami. The model shows how a tsunami is created.
What does this model NOT show about tsunamis?
the upward energy of the earthquake
the fault line in Earth’s crust
the tsunami wave reaching the seashore
the epicenter of the earthquake
45s
