Unit 6 - Genetics Keystone Vocabulary Review

A change in the structure of a chromosome

The loss of a segment of a chromosome and thus a loss of a segment containing genes

When a segment of a chromosome is duplicated and thus displayed more than once on a chromosome

When a segment of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse order

When a segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to a nonhomologous chromosone

A process in which a cell, cell product, or organism is copied from an original source

the transfer of a DNA fragment from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element such as a bacterial plasmid

The transfer of genetic material from the nucleus of a donor adult cell to an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed for the purpose of creating an embryo that can produce an exact genetic copy of the donor organism

The process of taking undifferentiated embryonic cells (STEM cells) for use in medical research

A pattern of inheritance in which the phenotypic effect of two alleles in a heterozygous genotype express each phenotype of each allele fully and equally; a phenotype which would not be expressed in any other genetic combination

An exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Anaphase 1 of meiosis; contributes to genetic variability in gametes and ultimately in offspring

A pattern of inheritance in which the phenotypic effect of one allele is completely expressed within a homozygous and heterozygous genotype

The addition (insertion) or removal (deletion) of one or more nucleotides that is not indivisible by three, therefore resulting in a completely different amino acid sequence than would be normal.

A natural process in which a nucleic acid molecule (usuallyDNA but can be RNA) is broken and then joined to a different molecule; a result of crossing-over

A type of gene recombination in which the DNA is intentionally broken and recombined using laboratory techniques