Unit 6 Test 2
Quiz by Zhao
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- Q1
A geneticist has discovered a yeast cell, which encodes a DNA polymerase that may add nucleotides in both the 5’ to 3’ and 3’ to 5’ directions. Which of the following structures would this cell not likely generate during DNA replication?
Replication fork
Okazaki fragments
Nicked DNA by topoisomerases
RNA primers
30s - Q2
DNA replication occurs through a complex series of steps involving several enzymes. Which of the following represents the correct order beginning with the earliest activity of enzymes involved in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase, RNA primase, helicase, ligase
RNA primase, DNA polymerase, ligase, helicase
Helicase, ligase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase
Helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, ligase
30s - Q3
If a messenger RNA codon is UAC, which of the following would be the complementary anticodon triplet in the transfer RNA?
AUG
ATT
AUC
ATG
30s - Q4
During post-translational modification, the polypeptide from a eukaryotic cell typically undergoes substantial alteration that results in
a change in the overall conformation of a polypeptide
formation of peptide bonds
excision of introns
addition of a poly(A) tail
30s - Q5
Which of the following represents the maximum number of amino acids that could be incorporated into a polypeptide encoded by 21 nucleotides of messenger RNA?
3
7
42
21
30s - Q6
A researcher uses molecular biology techniques to insert a human lysosomal membrane protein into bacterial cells to produce large quantities of this protein for later study. However, only small quantities of this protein result in these cells. What is a possible explanation for this result?
Bacteria do not use different transcription factors than humans, so the gene was not expressed.
The membrane protein requires processing in the ER and Golgi, which are missing in the bacterial cells.
Bacteria do not have enough tRNAs to make this protein sequence.
Bacteria do not make membrane proteins.
30s - Q7
BamHI is a restriction enzyme derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that recognizes short palindromic sequences in DNA. When the enzyme recognizes these sequences, it cleaves the DNA. What purpose would restriction enzymes have in a bacterium like Bacillus?
They are unnecessary enzymes without a purpose remaining because evolution has produced better enzymes.
They prevent, or restrict, DNA replication when the cell isn’t ready to copy its DNA.
They destroy extra DNA that results from errors in binary fission.
They protect Bacillus from invading DNA due to viruses.
30s - Q8
Viruses and bacteria have which of the following in common?
Ribosomes
Nucleic acids
Metabolism
Flagella
30s - Q9
Griffith was a researcher that coined the term “transformation” when he noticed that incubating nonpathogenic bacteria with heat-killed pathogenic bacteria produced bacteria that ultimately became pathogenic, or deadly, in mice. What caused the transformation in his experiment?
DNA from the pathogenic bacteria was taken up by the nonpathogenic bacteria.
Protein from the pathogenic bacteria was taken up by the nonpathogenic bacteria.
DNA from the nonpathogenic bacteria revitalized the pathogenic bacteria.
DNA in the nonpathogenic bacteria turned into pathogenic genes in the absence of pathogenic bacteria.
30s - Q10
Meselson and Stahl performed an elegant experiment using bacteria grown in heavy nitrogen (15 N) to show that DNA replication is semi-conservative. After growing the bacteria in heavy nitrogen, they switched the cultures to14 N for two rounds of replication. They then examined the cells by density centrifugation, separating the components by density. What is a likely result?
One band averaging the two molecular masses of nitrogen is seen.
Half of the DNA was labeled with15N and half was labeled with14 N.
One heavy band and one light band of nitrogen is seen.
One strand of each new DNA molecule was labeled with15 N, and the other strand was labeled with14 N.
30s - Q11
All of the following are mechanisms by which bacteria acquire genetic diversity except
Mutation
Transformation
Binary fission
Conjugation
30s - Q12
DNA analysis of adult and developing frogs reveals that the same genes are present in all the cells of the frog throughout its development. However, certain proteins found in developing frogs are absent from adult frogs. Which of the following best explains this observation?
Developmental genes are not expressed in adults.
Proteins are not modified as an organism develops.
Proteins are greatly modified as an organism develops.
No genes expressed in adults are expressed in developing organisms.
30s - Q13
All of the following are true regarding gene expression except
Different cell types (liver and muscle, for example) contain different proteins.
In eukaryotes, each gene has its own promoter.
All DNA-containing cells in a particular organism have basically the same genes.
A particular cell makes the exact-same proteins for its entire lifespan.
30s - Q14
A nucleus was removed from a fibroblast cell of an adult mouse (mouse 1). The nucleus was then inserted into an egg cell from which the nucleus was removed (the egg was from a different mouse, 2). The resulting diploid cell began to divide, and the young embryo was implanted into the uterus of a third mouse and allowed to develop. The third mouse eventually gave birth to a healthy mouse (mouse 4).
Which of the following correctly identifies the procedures described above?
Sexual reproduction
DNA sequencing
Embryology
Nuclear transplantation (cloning)
30s - Q15
A nucleus was removed from a fibroblast cell of an adult mouse (mouse 1). The nucleus was then inserted into an egg cell from which the nucleus was removed (the egg was from a different mouse, 2). The resulting diploid cell began to divide, and the young embryo was implanted into the uterus of a third mouse and allowed to develop. The third mouse eventually gave birth to a healthy mouse (mouse 4).
The phenotype of the young mouse (number 4) is expected to be
a combination of the nuclear and egg donor mice (mice 1 and 2).
practically identical to the mouse who donated the egg (mouse 2).
the same as the mouse in which it developed (mouse 3).
practically identical to the adult mouse from which the nucleus was taken (mouse 1).
30s