combines data on life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, gender equity, and income

A measurement of the total goods and services produced within a country.

A measure, published by the UN, of the economic equality of men and women

It was introduced at the same time as the Gender-related Development Index (GDI) but measures topics like empowerment that are not covered by that index.

the industrialized capitalist countries on which periphery countries and semi-periphery countries depend. These countries control and benefit from the global market.

those that are less developed than the semi-periphery and core countries. These countries usually receive a disproportionately small share of global wealth. They have weak state institutions and are dependent on - according to some, exploited by - more developed countries.

grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of labor resources. ancillary activities, economic activities that surrounded and support large-scale industries such as shipping and food service.

States that optimum location of a manufacturing firm is explained in terms of cost minimization.

The ability of a country to produce a good at a lower cost than another country can.

an agreement between member countries to remove duties and trade barriers on products traded among them.

Those newly industrialized countries with median standards of living, such as Chile, Brazil, India, China, and Indonesia. Semi-peripheral countries offer their citizens relatively diverse economic opportunities but also have extreme gaps between rich and poor.

very small loans to impoverished borrowers who typically lack collateral, steady employment, or a verifiable credit history.

country whose national economy has transitioned from being primarily based in agriculture to being primarily based in goods-producing industries, such as manufacturing, construction, and mining

each stage is a function of productivity, economic exchange, technological improvements, and income. Economic growth occurs when advancing from one stage to another

is the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped states to a "core" of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former.

The process of industrial deconcentration in response to technological advances and/or increasing costs due to congestion and competition.

The physical separation of some economic activities from the main production facility, usually for the purpose of employing cheaper labor.

the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the inputs.

industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.

cargo ships that carry all of their load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization.

a location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.

the continuous buying and selling of goods and services, covers all the steps needed to get a good or service from supplier to consumer.

whereby companies keep on hand just what they need for near-term production, planning that what they need for longer-term production will arrive when needed.

Industry in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for the location of firms

The costs incurred, and charged, for loading and unloading freight at origin and destination points

extracting or refining natural resources, such as mining, agriculture, forestry, and fishing. These economic functions deliver the raw material for other industries,

processing and manufacturing of raw materials

the portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment.

Service sector industries concerned with the collection, processing, and manipulation of information and capital.

Activities involve facilitating complex decision making and the advancement of human capacities

A universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.

is an area in a country that is subject to unique economic regulations that differ from other areas in the same country. The regulations tend to be conducive to foreign direct investment.

Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly.

industrial states with a decline in economy due to factories closing and people moving away

An association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages.

organizations of workers who bargain with employers as a group

economic activities that are deliberately organized around one or more high-growth industries.

responsible travel that does not harm ecosystems or the well-being of local people

Score given to countries to measure their hunger threat. The higher the score, the worse the food situation of a country. Score is based on 1) the percentage of the population suffering from malnutrition 2) the percentage of underweight children under the age of five; and 3) the mortality rate of children under the age of five.

goods and services purchased from other countries

goods sold to other countries

Unprocessed natural products used in production

the process of developing machine production of goods

Human effort directed toward producing goods and services

The total value of all goods and services produced by a country's economy in a given year. It includes all goods and services produced by corporations and individuals of a country, whether or not they are located within the country.

An indicator constructed by the U.N. to measure the extent of each country's gender inequality in terms of reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market.

a country's GDP divided by the number of people who live in the country

ensuring that males and females have equal opportunities in areas such as education, employment, voting and decision making, and access to health care and other resources

economic dependence on exports of raw materials

an association of European nations formed in 1993 for the purpose of achieving political and economic integration.

a permanent global institution to promote international trade and to settle international trade disputes

The largest latin american trade agreement; includes Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay

An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum.

the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

an international organization that acts as a lender of last resort, providing loans to troubled nations, and also works to promote trade through financial cooperation

process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor

A relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources, goods, or services

zones established by many countries in the periphery and semi-periphery where they offer favorable tax, regulatory, and trade arrangements to attract foreign trade and investment