Question 1

Species B is newly introduced into the ecosystem in 2011. According to the graph, how does the introduction of the species affect species A.

Accepted Answer

Species B is an invasive species and it alters the balance in the ecosystem.

Answer

Species A is an invasive species and it shares a food source with species B causing species Bto increase in population

Answer

Species B has no effect on the native species A.

Answer

Species B is a food source for species A increasing the population of the native species A.

Question 2

Which food chain correctly represents a pattern of energy transfer from producer to consumers to decomposer?

Accepted Answer

Rainforest

Answer

Ocean

Answer

Wetland

Answer

Grassland

Question 3

What important organisms are missing from the food web?

Accepted Answer

decomposers

Answer

apex predators

Answer

producers

Answer

the tiertiary trophic level organisms

Question 4

An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.

Accepted Answer

adaptation

Answer

vestigial structure

Answer

mutation

Answer

variation

Question 5

Which organism is an autotroph/producer?

Accepted Answer

plantain

Answer

snake

Answer

ladybird

Answer

fox

Question 6

Which organism is a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

greenfly

Answer

buzzard

Answer

berries

Answer

frog

Question 7

Which organism is a secondary consumer?

Accepted Answer

frog

Answer

dragonfly

Answer

berries

Answer

rabbit

Question 8

In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.

Accepted Answer

Decreases

Answer

Increases

Answer

Changes up and down

Answer

Stays the same

Question 9

In the energy pyramid here, how much of available energy will be transferred to the next trophic level?

Accepted Answer

10%

Answer

80%

Answer

90%

Answer

20%

Question 10

Which organisms share the same trophic level?

Accepted Answer

mouse and grasshopper

Answer

green plants and rabbit

Answer

frog and butterfly

Answer

fox and grasshopper

Question 11

Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?

Accepted Answer

There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.

Answer

There would be a decrease in the small bird population.

Answer

There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.

Answer

There would be a decrease in the mice population.

Question 12

The graphs show how the number of mice predators (animals that eat mice) and the food source of the mice (plants) changed from 1996 to 2002.Based on this information about predators and food, which year would you predict would have the highest population of mice?

Accepted Answer

1998

Answer

2002

Answer

1996

Answer

2000

Question 13

Which is an example of competition

Accepted Answer

Two hermit crabs fighting over a shell

Answer

A lion eating a water buffalo

Answer

A chicken running away from a fox

Answer

A seagull eating a fish

Question 14

ALL energy flow for an ecosystem begins with ...

Accepted Answer

the sun

Answer

algae

Answer

the moon

Answer

plants

Question 15

Temperature, light, air, water, and soil are all _____ parts of the environment

Accepted Answer

abiotic

Answer

living

Answer

biotic

Answer

alive

Question 16

If a disease strikes the snakes the grass will

Accepted Answer

decrease

Answer

increase

Answer

not be affected

Question 17

Review the graph showing marine fishing rates.If the fishing rate in Asia continues to grow, what will most likely happen as a result?

Accepted Answer

The overfishing will cause an imbalance in marine ecosystems.

Answer

The U.S. human population will decline.

Answer

The fish population will continue to rise.

Answer

A wide range in ocean temperatures will be seen worldwide.

Question 18

Some scientists studying aquatic plants notice that flooding often leads to a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis among aquatic plants. Flooding causes more sediment to be suspended in the water. The increased sediment concentration decreases the amount of light that reaches the plants. Why does a decreased rate of photosynthesis lead to a decrease in a plant population?

Accepted Answer

Less energy is available for reproduction

Answer

Less water is available for absorption.

Answer

Less tissue is available for plant growth.

Answer

Less soil is available for leave development

Question 19

In the graph, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?

Accepted Answer

70

Answer

3

Answer

7

Answer

40

Question 20

The diagram shows a food web in an ecosystem. The removal of which organism would result in the MOST damage to the ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

producer

Answer

rabbits

Answer

decomposer

Answer

consumer

Question 21

A coastal area that once supported a thriving fshing industry is overfshed. The number of species found   Iiving in the marine ecosystem decreases. Which of these activities is most likely to increase the natural   biodiversity in the area?

Accepted Answer

Building artificial reefs and Limiting fishing activity

Answer

EIiminating non-native species and encouraging fshing for large predatory fsh

Answer

BuiIding artifcial reefs and increasing fshing activity

Answer

Introducing non-native species to fll unoccupied habitats and banning fshing

Question 22

The strangler fig is a vine that starts out as a seed in the tree canopy of the rain forest. lt drops its roots   down from the canopy to the forest floors. By sprouting in the rain-forest canopy, the strangler fig seedling is      exposed to more -

Accepted Answer

sunlight

Answer

consumers

Answer

nutrients

Answer

soil

Question 23

Before the Industrial Revolution in England, the peppered moth was commonly found on tree trunks that had light-colored lichen on the bark. Most of the peppered moths were a light gray-brown color similar to that of the lichen. A few of the moths had a mutation that made them a dark gray-brown color During the Industrial Revolution, coal-burning factories produced black soot that covered the trees and killed the lichen in and near cities. In these areas the number of dark peppered moths increased, while the number of light peppered moths decreased. What contributed to this change?

Accepted Answer

The soot-covered trees camouflaged the dark moths

Answer

The dark moths preyed on the Iight moths

Answer

The dark moths Iaid fewer eggs than the light moths

Answer

Bird populations increased in the areas near the factories

Question 24

The Prairies Region and the Cross Timbers are located in north-central Texas. The graph below shows information about eating habits of white-tailed deer in these regions. A Cross Timbers rancher is concerned about competition between the ranch animals and the deer. Based on the graph, which ranch animals compete for the most food with white-tailed deer?

Accepted Answer

Goats that eat weeds and shrubs

Answer

Hogs that eat fruit, seeds, and feed

Answer

Cattle that eat grass and feed

Answer

Turkeys that eat seeds and fruit

Question 25

Galveston Bay, an estuary in Southeast Texas, is shown below. The amount of salt in the water changes with the tides. Sometimes the water is mostly freshwater, and sometimes it is mixed with saltwater. Various plant species live in this environment and provide a habitat for other organisms. To successfully live in an estuary, a plant species must have an adaptation that allows it to —

Accepted Answer

filter excess salt

Answer

store excess gases

Answer

absorb large amounts of water

Answer

produce large amounts of food

Question 26

A scientist named Joseph Connell studied two species of barnacles on the shore of a Scottish island. In the area between the average tide and the neap high tide, he found that the population of Species A was smaller than that of Species B. He removed Species B from one area but left both Species A and B in a similar area. The graph below shows the results of this study Based on these data, which hypothesis was Connell most likely testing?

Accepted Answer

The two species of barnacles compete with each other for resources

Answer

Barnacles grow Iarger when they are isolated from other species

Answer

The popuIations of both species of barnacles increase more in warm water than in cool water

Answer

The two species of barnacles are closely related to each other

Question 27

Fish in a lake have to compete for space. Different fish have different optimal temperature ranges. The graph below shows the temperature ranges of four fish species. At which temperature range will there be the most competition for space among these fish species?

Accepted Answer

25°C to 30°C

Answer

5°C to 10°C

Answer

15°C to 20°C

Answer

10°C to 15°C

Question 28

The types of small organisms that live on the bottom of streams can be good indicators of water pollution. The table below groups some organisms by their tolerance of pollution. A certain stream that was historically clear and clean has become increasingly polluted with fertilizer waste over the years. Which of these describes a likely result of this pollution?

Accepted Answer

Mayflies that were previously abundant are no Ionger present in the stream

Answer

Riffle beetles have become more abundant inthe stream

Answer

Large numbers of crayfsh have suddenly died

Answer

Stone flies and midges thrive and compete for the same food source

Question 29

The white-tailed ptarmigan lives at high elevations on mountains that receive a lot of snow in the winter. During the summer, the ptarmigans’ feathers are mottled brown. The birds lose the brown feathers and grow a new set of white feathers during the winter. Scientists are concerned that rising global temperatures will affect the white-tailed ptarmigan. If global climate change leads to the elimination of snow in the habitat of white-tailed ptarmigans, which adaptation is most likely to occur over many generations?

Accepted Answer

Birds with white feathers in areas without winter snow will be easier for predators to find. Over time this could lead to white-tailed ptarmigans that have brown feathers throughout the year.

Answer

Birds with white feathers will be easier to see on the ground in the summer. Over time this could lead to white-tailed ptarmigans that have white feathers throughout the year.

Answer

Birds with brown feathers in areas without winter snow will be easier for predators to find. Over time this could lead to white-tailed ptarmigans that have white feathers throughout the year.

Answer

Birds with brown feathers will be easier to see on the ground in the winter. Over time this could lead to white-tailed ptarmigans that have brown feathers throughout the year.

Question 30

The organism in the photo is a daphnia, or water flea. Daphnia are tiny aquatic organisms that live in most freshwater habitats. Adults range from less than 1 to 5 mm in length. They are good swimmers and eat mostly algae. Daphnia become mature at 5 to 10 days, and an adult female can produce up to 100 eggs every 3 or 4 days during its 2-month life span. When harmful algae rapidly increase in the daphnia’s environment, daphnia can develop adaptations to tolerate the negative effects of the algae within 10 years. What characteristic of the daphnia allows the population to adapt to environmental change?

Accepted Answer

Its short generation time

Answer

Its herbivorous diet

Answer

lts small size

Answer

lts freshwater environment

Question 31

BIack walnut trees produce a nontoxic chemical that becomes highly toxic when it is exposed to air or   soil. How does this chemical help black walnut trees compete with plants growing nearby?

Accepted Answer

By suppressing the growth of the other plants

Answer

By Iimiting the amount of water available to the other plants

Answer

By increasing the photosynthesis rates in the other plants

Answer

By attracting herbivores to the other plants

Question 32

After researching the diets of several birds inhabiting a nearby pond, a student goes on a field investigation to observe the feeding habits of the birds. The student records information from research and observations in the table. The student observes a great blue heron catching fish near the edge of the pond. Based on the information the student collected, which bird will compete with the great blue heron for the same hunting spots and similar prey?

Accepted Answer

The great egret, because it hunts in water near the edge of the pond for fsh and other prey

Answer

None of these

Answer

The pied-biIled grebe, because it dives in open water to get crayfsh on the bottom of the pond

Answer

The mallard, because it hunts for fish while wading near the edge of the pond

Question 33

Within a cave system, bat waste (guano) is decomposed by fungi and bacteria. These are then eaten by worms. Larger animals like salamanders eat the worms. Which represents the energy flow described?

Accepted Answer

Guano-bacteria-worm-salamander

Answer

bats-guano-worms-salamander

Answer

fungi-bacteria-salamander-guano

Question 34

Which limiting factor MOST affects population growth of plants in a garden?

Accepted Answer

space between plants

Answer

the number of seeds planted

Answer

types of tools used in planting

Question 35

Field mice are the primary food source for horned owls in an area. Due to a drought, many field mice left the area. Which result would this drought most likely have on the horned owls?

Accepted Answer

Horned owls will follow the field mice to a different area.

Answer

The horned owl population will consume more field mice.

Answer

Horned owls will change to a plant-based diet.

Answer

The horned owl population will increase in the area.

Question 36

Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support.

Accepted Answer

carrying capacity

Answer

Commensalism

Answer

Limiting Factors

Answer

<P>mutualism</P>

Question 37

The giant octopus lays 20,000 to 100,000 fertilized eggs. After hatching, most octopuses become prey to larger marine organisms, and less than 5% will reach adulthood to reproduce. One benefit of the giant octopus laying many eggs is to —

Accepted Answer

increase the chance that more individuals will survive to maintain the population

Answer

decrease the likelihood of offspring being consumed by predators

Answer

decrease competition between different octopus species to maintain resources in the population

Answer

increase the average body size for surviving individuals to avoid predation

Question 38

Overharvesting is exploiting a natural resource until its supply is so diminished that its exploitation is no longer sustainable. Resources that can be overharvested include plants, terrestrial animals, fish and marine invertebrates, and renewable natural elements, such as forests. This can lead to:

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

loss of biodiversity

Answer

damage to the environment

Answer

<P>extinction</P>

Related quizzes

Related quizzes