Question 1

What is the process by which DNA gets converted into mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Mutation

Answer

Replication

Question 2

What is the organ used to make proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer

Nucleus

Question 3

What happens during the termination step of translation?

Accepted Answer

A release factor enters the A site and causes ribosomal subunits to disassemble

Answer

Another tRNA molecule enters the ribosome

Answer

A stop codon is synthesized

Answer

The protein leaves the ribosome

Question 4

What is a codon?

Accepted Answer

A set of three nucleotides on the mRNA strand

Answer

A set of three nucleotides on the tRNA strand

Answer

The start codon of translation

Answer

The stop codon of translation

Question 5

Where does translation occur?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Cytosol

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi Body

Question 6

What is the corresponding mRNA sequence for the DNA sequence ACGTAT?

Accepted Answer

UGCAUA

Answer

ACGUAC

Answer

GCAUAT

Answer

AUGCAU

Question 7

What is the purpose of RNA splicing?

Accepted Answer

To remove introns and connect exons during mRNA maturation

Answer

To add introns to the mRNA sequence

Answer

To separate mRNA into individual nucleotides

Answer

To replace exons with introns

Question 8

Which strand of DNA is used to synthesize mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Template strand / Anti-sense strand

Answer

Promoter strand

Answer

Coding strand

Answer

Non-template strand / Sense strand

Question 9

Which direction does RNA polymerase read the DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

Three to five prime

Answer

One to four prime

Answer

Five to three prime

Answer

Two to six prime

Question 10

What is the promoter region?

Accepted Answer

A short sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds

Answer

A region where mRNA is synthesized

Answer

The region where translation occurs

Answer

The region where transcription ends

Question 11

What is transcription?

Accepted Answer

The process by which DNA gets converted into mRNA.

Answer

The process of converting DNA into proteins.

Answer

The process of building proteins from mRNA.

Answer

The process of converting mRNA into DNA.

Question 12

What is translation?

Accepted Answer

The process of converting the information stored in mRNA and using it to build a protein.

Answer

The process of building mRNA from DNA.

Answer

The process of converting DNA into proteins.

Answer

The process of converting RNA into DNA.

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

The ribosome.

Answer

The nucleus.

Answer

The Golgi body.

Answer

The mitochondria.

Question 14

What is the template strand?

Accepted Answer

The DNA strand used by RNA polymerase to synthesize mRNA.

Answer

The coding strand.

Answer

The strand with introns.

Answer

The non-template strand.

Question 15

What is the purpose of the poly(A) tail?

Accepted Answer

To protect the mRNA strand from degradation and promote stability.

Answer

To mark the start codon.

Answer

To initiate translation.

Answer

To remove introns.

Question 16

What are exons?

Accepted Answer

Short sequences of nucleotides that code for proteins.

Answer

Long sequences of nucleotides that don't code for anything.

Answer

Regions where mRNA is synthesized.

Answer

Sequences of nucleotides found in introns.

Question 17

What is the correspondence sequence of G in mRNA?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

U

Answer

T

Question 18

What happens during elongation in translation?

Accepted Answer

A growing chain of amino acids is formed.

Answer

mRNA leaves the nucleus.

Answer

The small and large ribosomal subunits disassemble.

Answer

Introns are removed from the pre-mRNA strand.

Question 19

What is the purpose of protein synthesis in cells?

Accepted Answer

To build proteins that carry out various functions in the cell.

Answer

To replicate DNA and pass on genetic information.

Answer

To produce energy for cellular processes.

Answer

To convert mRNA back into DNA for storage.

Question 20

What is the first step in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mutation

Answer

Translation

Question 21

How does the amino acid sequence of a protein determine its structure and function?

Accepted Answer

The sequence determines how the protein folds and interacts with other molecules.

Answer

The sequence determines its location within the cell.

Answer

The sequence determines the protein's stability and lifespan.

Answer

The sequence determines the protein's size and color.

Question 22

What is the relationship between DNA and mRNA in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

mRNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and carries its information.

Answer

DNA and mRNA have identical sequences.

Answer

DNA is a direct template for mRNA synthesis.

Answer

DNA provides the template for tRNA synthesis.

Question 23

What is the purpose of a codon stop?

Accepted Answer

To indicate the end of protein synthesis.

Answer

To modify the protein structure.

Answer

To attract tRNA to the ribosome.

Answer

To start protein synthesis.

Question 24

What is the function of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It builds proteins by linking amino acids together.

Answer

It transcribes DNA into mRNA.

Answer

It carries the genetic message from DNA to the ribosome.

Answer

It regulates gene expression.

Question 25

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It brings amino acids to the ribosome.

Answer

It transcribes DNA into mRNA.

Answer

It catalyzes chemical reactions.

Answer

It regulates gene expression.

Question 26

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It carries the genetic message from DNA to the ribosome.

Answer

It builds proteins directly.

Answer

It regulates gene expression.

Answer

It transports amino acids.

Question 27

What is the process called that converts DNA into mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Mutation

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

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