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Vocabulaire A t/m F
Quiz by Melody van der Giessen
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This is a vocabulary matching exercise where you need to match the words in bold with their meanings (labeled a-g, though the meanings aren't visible in the image). Let me help you identify the words in bold from each sentence: 1. **disappointed** - "It rained, so we didn't go hiking. We were very disappointed." 2. **nervous** - "I'm always a little nervous before tests because I'm afraid I won't do well." 3. **terrified** - "My sister is terrified of spiders. Every time she sees one, she screams." 4. **exhausted** - "My father was working all day and came home exhausted." 5. **annoyed** - "I was annoyed when Rob borrowed my tablet again without asking." 6. **proud** - "Pete won the science competition and his parents were very proud of him." 7. **confident** - "The coach is confident that the team will win the next game." To complete this exercise, you would need to match these words with their corresponding meanings (a through g) which are not visible in the image provided. The exercise also mentions that after matching, you should "listen and check your answers," suggesting there's an audio component to verify your choices. Would you like me to provide definitions for these emotions/feelings to help you match them with their meanings?
Match the word to its synonym level B1 CEFR. Use the vocabulary exactly adverb precisely except that aside from exist verb to be real existing adjective real, current Example: Flying cars are not practical with existing technology. existence noun reality Example: The existence of black holes has been confirmed by indirect observation. extraordinary adjective unusual feature noun important part of something Example: The Ramon Crater is a unique feature of the Negev Desert. feedback noun reaction figure noun shape Example: I canât tell if that figure in the shadows is a man or a woman. figure out verb understand Example: I just canât figure out how the magician did that amazing trick. financial adjective related to money Example: Her family is having financial problems so they canât travel overseas this year. finance verb pay for Example: If I canât get a loan from the bank, I wonât be able to finance a new apartment. finance noun money Example: An expert in finance predicts a global recession. finding/findings noun discoveries; results of a study Example: According to the findings of the police investigation, this is the gun which fired the fatal bullet. flexibility noun willingness to change flexible adjective adjusts easily Example: Iâd prefer to meet on Monday morning but I can be flexible depending upon your schedule. flood noun a lot of water flood verb to cover with too much water flu noun type of sickness focus on/upon verb pay attention to Example: You should focus on your schoolwork if you want to improve your grades. focus noun attention People with attention deficit disorder lose focus easily. frequency noun how often frequent adjective very often Example: Hanah is a frequent customer and everyone at the store knows her. fresh adjective new Example: We need some fresh ideas if weâre going to solve this problem. frighten verb scare from preposition position, starting point gain verb make an increase, profit, earn Example: I have nothing to gain by choosing sides so I shall remain neutral. gain noun profit, amount earned generate verb create, make Example: Chat GPT can generate text written in any style you choose. guidance noun help, advice hopeful adjective optimistic, having a positive outlook Example: The farmers are hopeful that we will have rain this winter. hopefully adjective with luck ideal adjective best, most preferable Example: Nuclear power may not be an ideal solution to global warming, but itâs certainly worth considering. illness noun sickness, disease illustrate verb draw pictures illustration noun picture, image Example: Childrenâs storybooks have colorful illustrations. image noun picture, especially on film or television Example: The mother of the pop singer cried when she first saw her daughterâs image on television. in preposition within, inside, into in terms of regarding Example: That company makes a great product but theyâre lacking in terms of customer service. in actual fact in truth Example: The mayor says the city is a safe place to live, but in actual fact the violent crime rate is very high. in connection with about Example: Police arrested four men in connection with the robbery. in that case if that is true Example: Billy Bob: âTraffic could be heavy tomorrow.â Peggy Sue: âIn that case, we better leave early.â in the meantime while, during Example: The new computers wonât arrive until next week, but we can keep using the old ones in the meantime. initial adjective first Example: Her initial reaction to that song was negative, but over time sheâs come to like it. initially adverb at first instruction noun teaching, order Example: Most new electronic devices come with a set of instructions. intelligence noun smartness Example: Since you have a degree from a good university, I assume you have sufficient intelligence to understand this problem. intelligent adjective smart Example: Joe isnât very intelligent, but he is a kind person with a warm heart. interest noun attraction Example: Yossi has little interest in politics, whereas his wife goes to all the protests and demonstrations. interest verb to attract Example: Sports donât really interest me, but my brother is a big basketball fan. introduce verb to show something new Example: Today in class I will introduce the basic concepts of literary analysis. invest verb to put money into something in order to earn money Example: Joe invested in cryptocurrency and lost a lot of money. investor noun one who puts money into something in order to earn money Example: Venture capitalists are investors who put money into risky start-up businesses. investment noun putting money into something in order to earn money Example: Buying real estate in Israel is a very safe investment because the value never goes down. investigate verb research, study Example: The police collected evidence to investigate the murder. investigation noun study Example: The police donât have a suspect for the murder as the investigation isnât finished yet. investigator noun detective Example: Detective Schmendrick is the lead investigator for the murder case. just about almost Example: Iâm just about done here so Iâll be there shortly. keep on doing verb continue Example: Youâre crazy if you keep on doing the same thing and expect different results. kind of type of Example: What kind of dog is that, a poodle? knowledge noun awareness Example: John failed the test due to lack of knowledge of the material. lack verb not having, missing Example: John failed the test due to lack of knowledge of the material. landscape noun the view of the land likely adjective, adverb probably Example: When we learn from our mistakes, weâre not likely to forget. limited adjective restricted Example: We should go to the store today because the sale is for a limited time only. limitation noun restriction little adjective small, not a lot Example: She always tells the truth. I have little reason to doubt her. look at verb see Example: People used to read newspapers on the train. Nowadays they just look at their phones. low adverb to a small amount or level Example: I have to charge my phone because the battery is running low. material noun documents, information Example: We have a lot of material to cover before the end of the semester. meaning noun significance mean verb to have significance or purpose means noun form of, by the use of Example: They communicate by means of radio. measure noun step Example: The teacher took measures to prevent cheating during the test mention verb to say, point out Example: The coach said the team played very well today but didnât mention any player specifically. miss verb (1) fail to catch (2) wishing to see somebody Examples: (1) The football player kicked the ball but missed the goal. (2) Wow, itâs good to see you! Iâve missed you so much! misunderstand verb understand incorrectly Example: Iâm afraid I misunderstood the instructions. Could you repeat them please? more or less approximately, somewhat, to a varying degree Example: This is more or less a religious neighborhood, though there are a few secular families. must modal verb have to naturally adverb as expected, normally nature noun (1) open air (2) character Examples: (1) We like to go hiking in nature reserves. (2) Pit bulls are aggressive by nature.
Create a comprehension quiz for the following vocabulary; To be getting on in age: Growing older; advancing in years. Pet peeve: Something that annoys or bothers someone significantly. Pinhead: A small-minded or foolish person. Nit-pick: To find fault with small or trivial details. Whilst/while: During the time that; at the same time as. On a dig: Engaged in archaeological excavation. Mad vs crazy: "Mad" typically refers to anger or insanity, while "crazy" can denote insanity or extreme enthusiasm. Twitch: A sudden, quick movement or spasm. Dreamt/dreamed: Past tense forms of the verb "to dream." Eaves: The part of a roof that overhangs the walls. Burly man: A strong, muscular man. Sheâs a looker: A woman who is attractive or visually appealing. Breech birth: A birth in which the baby is delivered feet first instead of head first. Being too forward: Acting too boldly or presumptuously. Gooey: Soft and sticky, often used to describe certain textures or emotional situations. Spare tire: Excess fat around the waistline; a protruding belly. Twists and turns of fate: Unexpected changes or developments in life. Pompous: Self-important or arrogant. Play a prank on someone: To carry out a mischievous trick or joke on someone. Scamps: Mischievous or playful individuals, often used affectionately. To tend one's resignation: To formally submit one's resignation from a job. A sound judgment: A wise or rational decision. To set someone up with someone else: To arrange a meeting or date between two people. Loon: A colloquial term for a crazy or eccentric person. Duvet: A type of blanket filled with feathers, down, or synthetic fibers, used as a bed covering. Don't Meddle: Do not interfere or intervene. Croquet mallet: A hammer-like instrument used to strike croquet balls. Cut it out: Stop doing something annoying or inappropriate. Pop over: Visit briefly or unexpectedly. It was a riot: It was extremely funny or enjoyable. Spit Tspat spat: Sounds indicating a quick, spat-out expulsion of saliva. A hoot: Something that is amusing or enjoyable. Overhear: To unintentionally hear what others are saying without their knowledge. You're quite a package: You possess many appealing qualities or attributes. I'm quite a catch: I am an attractive or desirable partner. Limper: A person who walks with a limp. A hanky: A handkerchief, a small piece of cloth carried for personal hygiene or used as a fashion accessory.
Here is the vocabulary I am teaching:I would not try Je n'essayerais pas because parce que I like J'aime are sont street food la cuisine de rue a food une nourriture to eat manger has a main ingredients les ingrĂ©dients principaux a drink une boisson I love J'adore without sans I would eat Je mangerais I prefer Je prĂ©fĂšre with avec delicious dĂ©licieux to drink boire it looks ça a l'air at a food stand au stand de nourriture fries les frites I don't like Je n'aime pas at a food truck au camion-restaurant I would like Je voudrais to me that seems cela me semble disgusting dĂ©goĂ»tant I would not eat Je ne mangerais pas please s'il vous plaĂźt brown sauce la sauce brune interesting (negatively) particulier I would not drink Je ne boirais pas I prefer to eat Je prĂ©fĂšre manger I prefer to drink Je prĂ©fĂšre boire I'm hungry J'ai faim in my opinion Ă mon avis I would drink Je boirais good bon is est cheese le fromage have ont I'm thirsty J'ai soif at a restaurant au restaurant I would try J'essayerais buckwheat very thin pancake like food une galette I don't like Je n'aime pas a meat une viande strawberries aux fraises the sauce la sauce the topping la garniture I prefer Je prĂ©fĂšre sweet sucrĂ©e mushrooms aux champignons savory/salty salĂ©e chicken au poulet an other item une autre chose a vegetable une lĂ©gume raspberries aux framboises hazelnut cream Ă la crĂšme de noisette I love J'adore spinach aux Ă©pinards peaches aux pĂȘches cheese au fromage I don't know Je ne sais pas ham au jambon thin pancake like food that has fillings une crĂȘpe a fruit un fruit without sans I like J'aime cottage cheese au fromage cottage with avec banana Ă la banane chocolate au chocolat white chocolate au chocolat blanc
Cells of different organisms and even cells within the same organism are very diverse in terms of shape, size, and internal organization. One theme that occurs again and again throughout biology is that form follows function. In other words, a cellâs function influences its physical features. Cell Shape The diversity in cell shapes reflects the different functions of cells. Compare the cell shapes shown in Figure 4-4. The long extensions that reach out in various directions from the nerve cell shown in Figure 4-4a allow the cell to send and receive nerve impulses. The flat, platelike shape of skin cells in Figure 4-4b suits their function of covering and protecting the surface of the body. As shown below, a cellâs shape can be simple or complex depending on the function of the cell. Each cell has a shape that has evolved to allow the cell to perform its function effectively. SECTION 2 OBJECTIVES â Explain the relationship between cell shape and cell function. â Identify the factor that limits cell size. â Describe the three basic parts of a cell. â Compare prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. â Analyze the relationship among cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms. VOCABULARY plasma membrane cytoplasm cytosol nucleus prokaryote eukaryote organelle tissue organ organ system Cells have various shapes. (a) Nerve cells have long extensions. (b) Skin cells are flat and platelike. (c) Egg cells are spherical. (d) Some bacteria are rod shaped. (e) Some plant cells are rectangular. FIGURE 4-4 (a) Nerve cell (b) Skin cells (c) Egg cell (d) Bacterial cells (e) Plant cells Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 1. All cubes have volume and surface area. The total surface area is equal to the sum of the areas of each of the six sides (area = length X width). 2. If you split the first cube into eight smaller cubes, you get 48 sides. The volume remains constant, but the total surface area doubles. 3. If you split each of the eight cubes into eight smaller cubes, you have 64 cubes that together contain the same volume as the first cube. The total surface area, however, has doubled again. CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 73 Cell Size Cells differ not only in their shape but also in their size. A few types of cells are large enough to be seen by the unaided human eye. For example, the nerve cells that extend from a giraffeâs spinal cord to its foot can be 2 m (about 6 1/2 ft) long. A human egg cell is about the size of the period at the end of this sentence. Most cells, how- ever, are only 10 to 50 ÎŒm in diameter, or about 1/500 the size of the period at the end of this sentence. The size of a cell is limited by the relationship of the cellâs outer surface area to its volume, or its surface areaâto-volume ratio. As a cell grows, its volume increases much faster than its surface area does, as shown in Figure 4-5. This trend is important because the materials needed by a cell (such as nutrients and oxygen) and the wastes produced by a cell (such as carbon dioxide) must pass into and out of the cell through its surface. If a cell were to become very large, the volume would increase much more than the surface area. Therefore, the surface area would not allow materials to enter or leave the cell quickly enough to meet the cellâs needs. As a result, most cells are microscopic in size. Comparing Surface Cells Materials microscope, prepared slides of plant (dicot) stem and ani- mal (human) skin, pencil, paper Procedure Examine slides by using medium magnification (100). Observe and draw the sur- face cells of the plant stem and the animal skin. Analysis How do the surface cells of each organism differ from the cells beneath the surface cells? What is the function of the surface cells? Explain how surface cells are suited to their function based on their shape. Quick Lab Small cells can exchange substances more readily than large cells because small objects have a higher surface areaâto-volume ratio. FIGURE 4-5 mb06se_csfs02.qxd 5/18/07 10:54 AM Page 73 74 CHAPTER 4 BASIC PARTS OF A CELL Despite the diversity among cells, three basic features are common to all cell types. All cells have an outer boundary, an interior sub- stance, and a control region. Plasma Membrane The cellâs outer boundary, called the plasma membrane (or the cell membrane), covers a cellâs surface and acts as a barrier between the inside and the outside of a cell. All materials enter or exit through the plasma membrane. The surface of a plasma mem- brane is shown in Figure 4-6a. Cytoplasm The region of the cell that is within the plasma membrane and that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus is called the cytoplasm. The part of the cytoplasm that includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not membrane-bound organelles is the cytosol. About 20 percent of the cytosol is made up of protein. Control Center Cells carry coded information in the form of DNA for regulating their functions and reproducing themselves. The DNA in some types of cells floats freely inside the cell. Other cells have a mem- brane-bound organelle that contains a cellâs DNA. This membrane- bound structure is called the nucleus. Most of the functions of a eukaryotic cell are controlled by the cellâs nucleus. The nucleus is often the most prominent structure within a eukaryotic cell. It maintains its shape with the help of a protein skeleton called the nuclear matrix. The nucleus of a typical animal cell is shown in
CaractĂ©ristiques gĂ©nĂ©rales de la synthĂšse de documents La synthĂšse est un exercice assez simple, car trĂšs technique. Pour rĂ©ussir, il faut nĂ©anmoins faire preuve de rigueur car elle est trĂšs codifiĂ©e. Les piĂšges de la synthĂšse La plupart des Ă©tudiants ignorent la technique de synthĂšse telle quâelle est attendue en BTS. Aussi plusieurs piĂšges sont Ă Ă©viter. La synthĂšse nâest pas une dissertation personnelle Premier Ă©cueil : si lâon se souvint de la consigne vue plus avant, le travail demandĂ© doit ĂȘtre objectif. Aucun point de vue personnel ou mĂȘme apprĂ©ciation subjectif sur les documents ne doit apparaĂźtre dans la rĂ©daction. On recommande dâailleurs aux Ă©tudiants de ne pas utiliser le pronom « je » dans leur travail de façon Ă Ă©viter tout malentendu. Le candidat doit donc rapporter les idĂ©es des auteurs de façon neutre, sans jugement de valeur. La synthĂšse nâest pas un rĂ©sumĂ© des documents La plus grande erreur commise en premiĂšre annĂ©e de BTS consiste Ă rĂ©sumer les documents, les uns aprĂšs les autres. Un petit dĂ©tour par lâĂ©tymologie nous permettra de mieux comprendre le travail attendu. Le terme « synthĂšse » vient du grec sunthesis qui signifie « mise en commun ». Il sâagit donc de rassembler les informations collectĂ©es dans les diffĂ©rents documents en un ensemble organisĂ©, donc cohĂ©rent. Les idĂ©es doivent ĂȘtre confrontĂ©es en Ă©tablissant des liens entre les documents. La synthĂšse nâest pas un montage de citations Le Bac de français est derriĂšre vous. Oubliez (en partie) cette Ă©preuve. Ici, pas de citations, de numĂ©ros de lignes pour appuyer votre rĂ©daction. Votre travail consiste Ă reformuler de façon synthĂ©tique le contenu et les enjeux des documents. La nature du travail demandĂ© Une consigne codifiĂ©e pour rĂ©diger votre synthĂšse Trois adjectifs dans cette consigne. Tout dâabord, la synthĂšse doit ĂȘtre concise, câest-Ă -dire courte et dense. Quatre pages maximum sont gĂ©nĂ©ralement attendues Ă lâĂ©preuve. Nous lâavons dĂ©jĂ Ă©voquĂ© plus haut, la synthĂšse est un exercice absolument objectif. Aucune idĂ©e extĂ©rieure aux documents ni commentaire personnel ne doivent figurer dans la rĂ©daction. Enfin, la synthĂšse est un travail ordonnĂ©. Un plan soutient donc la rĂ©daction, on attend ainsi : âą une introduction; âą un dĂ©veloppement; âą une conclusion. La dĂ©marche Ă adopter pour votre synthĂšse La prĂ©paration de la synthĂšse se dĂ©compose en deux temps : âą Un premier temps consacrĂ© Ă la lecture active de chaque document. Les idĂ©es importantes sont relevĂ©es, les arguments sont listĂ©s, le raisonnement de lâauteur est analysĂ©. âą Un second temps consacrĂ© Ă la mise en relation des diffĂ©rents documents de façon Ă Ă©tablir des liens entre eux : il sâagit en fait de recomposer un dĂ©bat entre les auteurs. Sont-ils dâaccord ? Sâopposent-ils ? Si oui sur quels point ? ⊠La synthĂšse : un acte de communication On veut donc vĂ©rifier que vous savez « lire » : câest-Ă -dire que vous ĂȘtes capable de comprendre ce qui est Ă©crit dans les documents et de reformuler selon des contraintes de longueur de texte. LâĂ©tymologie du verbe « lire » nous le confirme : legere, en latin, signifique « choisir » La mĂ©thodologie de synthĂšse en 10 points Voici un rĂ©capitulatif des 10 maladresses principales Ă Ă©viter et des 10 rĂšgles Ă adopter Les interdits de la synthĂšse 1. Faire des citations des auteurs des documents pour soutenir les idĂ©es avancĂ©es. 2. Donner son avis, Ă©mettre des remarques subjectives : ex : lâauteur oublie malheureusement que⊠3. Faire des rĂ©fĂ©rences Ă des documents hors corpus, faire allusion Ă une autre Ćuvre de lâauteur. 4. RĂ©diger un « catalogue » des idĂ©es sans lien logique entre elles. RĂ©diger au fil de son inspiration. 5. RĂ©diger une synthĂšse longue et dĂ©taillĂ©e. 6. Laisser de cĂŽtĂ© un document, parce que lâon ne lâa pas compris ou quâil nous semble inintĂ©ressant⊠7. Utiliser le pronom « je ». 8. Faire un plan apparent (A, BâŠ) avec des titres. 9. Juxtaposer des rĂ©sumĂ©s des documents. 10. Faire rĂ©fĂ©rence aux documents par le numĂ©ro attribuĂ© dans le dossier. Ce quâil faut faire 1. Reformuler les idĂ©es. 2. Rester neutre, objectif. 3. Ne traiter que les documents proposĂ©s. 4. Traiter les idĂ©es selon un plan prĂ©cis. 5. Quatre pages maximum 6. Traiter tous les documents, mĂȘme de façon inĂ©gale, certains documents sont plus « riches » en idĂ©es que dâautres. 7. PrĂ©fĂ©rer le « on » ou le « nous ». 8. RĂ©diger sans titres avec des phrases de transition. 9. Confronter les idĂ©es communes aux documents. 10. Faire rĂ©fĂ©rence aux documents par le nom de lâauteur et lâinitiale du prĂ©nom. Si ces 10 rĂšgles sont respectĂ©es, une importante partie de la mĂ©thode est acquise ! L'Ă©valuation du travail de synthĂšse On se rappelle que cette Ă©preuve est notĂ©e sur 40 points. En rĂšgle gĂ©nĂ©rale, les correcteurs adoptent le barĂšme suivant qui vise Ă valider 4 grandes compĂ©tences, chacune notĂ©e sur 40 points. Comprendre les documents Ces 10 premiers points valident vos compĂ©tences de lecture : Les idĂ©es essentielles ont-elles Ă©tĂ© bien relevĂ©es ? Tous les documents ont-ils Ă©tĂ© bien compris ? LâunitĂ© thĂ©matique des documents doit apparaĂźtre ans le traitement des informations collectĂ©es. Confronter Le correcteur vĂ©rifiera notamment que tous les documents ont bien Ă©tĂ© exploitĂ©s, quâaucune « impasse » nâa Ă©tĂ© faite. Il sanctionnera, le cas Ă©chĂ©ant, lâajout dâidĂ©es extĂ©rieures. Certains Ă©tudiants pensent que lâintroduction dâidĂ©es extĂ©rieures vient enrichir leur travail et montre leur connaissance du sujet. Il faudra attendre lâĂ©preuve dâĂ©criture personnelle pour le faire. Ici, rappelons-le, seuls les documents proposĂ©s Ă lâĂ©tude figurent dans la synthĂšse. La confrontation des idĂ©es sera Ă©galement Ă©valuĂ©e : Le candidat a-t-il Ă©tabli des liens entre les idĂ©es des auteurs ? Chaque partie de la rĂ©daction repose-t-elle sur plusieurs documents ? Structurer Quelle que soit la logique suivie, la synthĂšse suit un plan. Introduction et conclusion doivent apparaĂźtre clairement. La rĂ©daction suit une ligne directrice et un parcours. Les documents sont rĂ©fĂ©rencĂ©s, lâensemble est organisĂ©. Utilisez des connecteurs logiques pour lier les parties entre elles. Ils faciliteront grandement la lecture et la progression de vos idĂ©es sera plus claire. RĂ©diger & reformuler Une expression Ă©crire claire est attendue. Elle respecte les normes et usages de la langue Ă©crite courante. La richesse du vocabulaire sera valorisĂ©e. Le tout est rĂ©digĂ© : pas de tirets, de titres ou de tissage de citations. Les propos des auteurs sont reformulĂ©s, on sanctionnera ici toute formulation dâapprĂ©ciations personnelles.
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