Vocabulary Review (Chapter 2: Exploring the Americas)

one of a series of expeditions Europeans made to regain control of Christian holy sites in the Middle East from the A.D. 1000s to the 1200s

an instrument that shows the direction of magnetic north. It allowed sailors to accurately determine their direction.

Italian explorer who wrote about his far away travels to the Middles East, Central Asia and China.

an instrument used to plan a course, using the stars

Became the most famous ship of the European age of exploration. They could sail faster and carry more cargo and supplies than earlier ships.

a reawakening of artistic creativity and intellectual curiosity in Europe from the 1300s to the 1600s

Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India.

Sailed around Africa to become the first European to reach India.

An English explorer who explored for the Dutch. He discovered the Hudson River and called the land New Netherland.

Dutch colonial settlement that served as the capital of New Netherland. This later became "New York City"

During the late 15th century, they became King and Queen of a united Spain. They made Spain a strong Christian nation and also provided funding to overseas exploration, notably Christopher Columbus.

an economic theory whose goal is building a state's wealth and power by increasing exports and accumulating precious metals in return

Year when Columbus sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.

He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India.

Columbus's three ships