Washington State History: Legacy of Washington Tribes Pre-Test

This is a federal law that granted land to settlers in the Oregon and Washington Territories.

This  law that gave 160 acres of public land to citizens who would live on, improve, and farm the land

This law authorized the President to break up reservation land, which was held in common by the members of a tribe, into small allotments to be parceled out to individuals

The decision gave the tribes who were parties to the treaties the right to half the catch, with the tribes and the state managing the fishery together.

There were more than 523 government-funded, and often church-run.

In the 1855 treaty, 14 bands and tribes ceded 11.5 million acres to the United States

This Treaty placed three separate tribes onto one reservation, laying the foundations for contemporary Tribal political identities in the Columbia Basin.

Under the terms of the treaty, the original inhabitants of northern Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Peninsula ceded ownership of their land in exchange for small reservations along Hood Canal and a payment of $60,000 from the federal government. The treaty required the natives to trade only with the United States, to free all their slaves, and to not acquire any new slaves.

Articles of agreement and convention made and concluded on the She-nah-nam, or Medicine Creek, in the Territory of Washington, this twenty-sixth day of December, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, by Isaac I. Stevens, governor and superintendent of Indian affairs of the said Territory, on the part of the United States, and the undersigned chiefs, head-men, and delegates of the Nisqually, Puyallup, Steilacoom, Squawskin, S'Homamish, Stehchass, T'Peeksin, Squi-aitl, and Sa-heh-wamish tribes and bands of Indians, occupying the lands lying round the head of Puget's Sound and the adjacent inlets, who, for the purpose of this treaty, are to be regarded as one nation, on behalf of said tribes and bands.

This Treaty was signed on June 11, 1855, and ratified by the US Senate in 1859. The tribe  gave up 7.5 million acres of land in border areas, including important ancestral sites and it established their reservation. The tribe retained the right to hunt, fish, gather roots and berries, and pasture horses and cattle on open and unclaimed land. 

These were guiding principles of what? 

Tribes would be concentrated together, if possible and practical.

Agriculture and other "civilized" habits were to be encouraged.

Indian lands were to be purchased with annuities—payments of goods—rather than cash.

The government was to provide teachers, doctors, farmers, blacksmiths, and carpenters to care for and train the Indians.

What came after the Stevens Treaties?

Who was granted fishing rights in their treaty?