Question 1

Holy Roman Emperor

Accepted Answer

Title given to a person who had charge of not only the empire, but also the church

Question 2

Holy Roman Emperor Otto I

Accepted Answer

He asserted royal power of churches and started Lay Investiture

Question 3

lay investiture

Accepted Answer

A ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials

Question 4

Pope Gregory VII

Accepted Answer

(1020-1085) powerful medieval pope; fought with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over the power to choose church officials

Question 5

Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV

Accepted Answer

fought Pope Gregory over investiture, was excommunicated then begged for forgiveness

Question 6

Holy Roman Emperor Henry V

Accepted Answer

agreed to the Concordat of Worms with Pope Calixtus

Question 7

Concordat of Worms

Accepted Answer

document they allowed king to choose government officials & pope to choose church officials/clergy

Question 8

Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa)

Accepted Answer

the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death. He was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March 1152.

Question 9

Frederick Barbarossa (Frederick I)

Accepted Answer

the Holy Roman emperor who tied Germany to southern Italy through the marriage of his son

Question 10

Lombard League

Accepted Answer

alliance of the Italian merchants and pope against Frederick I; foot soldiers faced Frederick's mounted knights; foot soldiers with crossbows defeated knights

Question 11

Henry and Constance of Sicily

Accepted Answer

Son of Frederick I and heiress of Sicily which made them heirs to Southern Italy.

Question 12

Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II

Accepted Answer

Tried to assert his authority as Holy Roman Emperor over the authority of the Church; feuded with Innocent III

Question 13

Pope Gregory IX

Accepted Answer

pope who, in 1231, set up an official court called the Inquisition to investigate suspected heretics

Question 14

Pope Innocent III

Accepted Answer

(c. 1160-1216) one of the most powerful and influential popes in history; exerted wide influence over the Christian regimes of Europe, claiming supremacy. Called upon Christian forces to begin The Fourth Crusade (crusaders ended up sacking Constantinople)

Question 15

Pope Innocent IV

Accepted Answer

a pope who suspected heretics and even tortured them to make them confess their beliefs

Question 16

Albigensian Crusade

Accepted Answer

a crusade begun by Innocent III against the Cathar heresy in southern France.

Question 17

Fourth Crusade

Accepted Answer

A Crusade from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem causing damage to Byzantine Empire

Question 18

confront

Accepted Answer

to meet face-to-face, especially as a challenge; come to grips with

Question 19

Papal States

Accepted Answer

A section of central Italy governed by the pope

Question 20

invest

Accepted Answer

present bishops with the ring and staff that symbolized their office

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